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添加Web服务器笔记
This commit is contained in:
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docs/.vuepress/public/web-server/files/day1-Web工作原理.pdf
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docs/.vuepress/public/web-server/files/day1-Web工作原理.pdf
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docs/.vuepress/public/web-server/files/day10-conf.json
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docs/.vuepress/public/web-server/files/day10-conf.json
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{
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"_comment": "Web服务器配置文件，配置后请重启服务器",
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"default_comment": "Web服务器站点默认配置，站点配置中未配置项将以默认配置为准",
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"default": {
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"comment_comment": "默认配置说明（仅做备注用，无实际作用）",
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"comment": "默认配置",
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"web_comment": "网站相关配置",
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"web": {
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"host_comment": "绑定的IP或域名（字符串或数组）",
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"host": "127.0.0.1",
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"port_comment": "绑定的端口号（数字或数组）",
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"port": 80
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},
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"path_comment": "网站目录相关配置",
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"path": {
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"websitePath_comment": "网站目录（绝对路径，以 '/' 结尾）",
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"websitePath": "/www/wwwroot/",
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"runPath_comment": "网站运行目录（相对路径，相对网站目录，以 '/' 结尾）",
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"runPath": "./",
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"accessLogPath_comment": "访问日志目录",
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"accessLogPath": "/www/wwwlogs/",
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"errorLogPath_comment": "错误日志目录",
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"errorLogPath": "/www/wwwlogs/"
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},
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"page_comment": "默认文档相关配置",
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"page": {
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"defaultPage_comment": "默认文档（数组）",
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"defaultPage": [
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"index.html",
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"index.htm",
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"default.html",
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"default.htm"
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],
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"errorPage_comment": "默认错误页（键值对）",
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"errorPage": {
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"403": "./403.html",
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"404": "./404.html",
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"500": "./500.html",
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"default": "./error.html"
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}
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},
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"ssl_comment": "SSL证书公钥、私钥配置",
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"ssl": {
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"private_comment": "私钥所在目录",
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"private": "./private.pem",
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"public_comment": "公钥所在目录",
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"public": "./public.pem"
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},
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"reverseProxy_comment": "反向代理",
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"reverseProxy": {
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"state_comment": "'on' / 1 / true 表示开启，'off' / 0 / false 表示关闭",
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"state": "off",
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"origin_comment": "代理源配置 [Todo] 待完善",
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"origin": {
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"host_comment": "被代理主机（字符串）",
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"host": "127.0.0.1",
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"port_comment": "被代理端口号（数字）",
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"port": 8080
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}
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},
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"logs": {
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"format_comment": "日志记录默认格式，需以'\r\n'结尾。设计时参考Nginx [Todo] 待完善",
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"format_comment_options": {
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"_": "格式（以下是可选参数）",
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"{remoteAddr}": "发起请求的客户端所在IP地址",
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"{remoteUser}": "发起请求的客户端用户名称，获取不到则显示为'-'",
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"{timeLocal}": "用来记录访问时间与时区(依赖服务器本地时间)，形如'20/Aug/2017:21:15:19 +0800'，获取不到则显示为'-'",
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"{request}": "记录发起的请求，形如'POST /index.html?page=1 HTTP/1.1'",
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"{status}": "记录响应状态，比如'200'",
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"{requestTime}": "记录请求处理时间（以秒为单位、精确到毫秒）。从读取客户端第一个字节开始算起，到发送最后一个字节给客户端的时间间隔",
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"{upstreamResponseTime}": "记录Web服务器从后端服务获取响应的时间（以秒为单位、精确到毫秒），多个请求的时间以逗号分隔",
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"{requestLength}": "记录请求长度(包括请求行，请求头，请求体)",
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"{gzipRatio}": "记录nginx gzip压缩比例，获取不到则显示为'-'",
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"{bytesSent}": "发送给客户端的字节数",
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"{bodyBytesSent}": "发送给客户端的响应体字节数",
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"{connectionRequests}": "单个连接的并发请求数",
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"{httpReferer}": "记录请求引用页面地址",
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"{httpUserAgent}": "记录用户代理信息（通常是浏览器信息）",
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"{httpXForwardedFor}": "当为了承受更大的负载使用反向代理时，web服务器不能获取真实的客户端IP，$remote_addr获取到的是反向代理服务器的ip，这种情况下，代理服务器通常会增加一个叫做x_forwarded_for的信息头，把连接它的真实客户端IP加到这个信息头里，这样就能保证网站的web服务器能获取到真实IP，获取不到则显示为'-'",
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"{connection}": "连接序列号",
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"{msec}": "写入日志的时间（以秒为单位、精确到毫秒）",
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"{pipe}": "如果为管道请求则显示为p，否则显示为'.'"
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},
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"format": "{timeLocal}\t{remoteAddr}\t{status}\t{request}\t{httpUserAgent}\r\n"
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}
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},
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"server_comment": "Web服务器服务的站点，每一个站点都作为server数组的一个元素",
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"server": [
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{
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"comment": "网站首页",
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"web": {
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"host": "www.only4.work",
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"port": [
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80,
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443
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]
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},
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"ssl": {
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"private": "./ssl/private.pem",
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"public": "./ssl/public.pem"
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},
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"path": {
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"path": "/www/wwwroot/www.only4.work",
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"runPath": "./public/"
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},
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"page": {
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"defaultPage": [
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"index.php",
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"index.html",
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"index.htm",
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"default.html",
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"default.htm"
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],
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"errorPage_comment": "默认错误页（键值对）",
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"errorPage": {
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"403": "./error.html?code=403",
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"404": "./error.html?code=404",
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"500": "./error.html?code=500",
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"default": "./error.html?code=unknown"
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}
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}
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},
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{
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"comment": "网站首页(代理页面)",
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"web": {
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"host": "www.only4.work",
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"port": 888
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},
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"reverseProxy": {
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"state": true,
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"origin": {
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"host": "127.0.0.1",
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"port_comment": "被代理端口号",
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"port": 80
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}
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}
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}
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]
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}
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docs/.vuepress/public/web-server/files/day3-Linux网络编程.pdf
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docs/.vuepress/public/web-server/files/day3-Linux网络编程.pdf
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docs/web-server/README.md
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docs/web-server/README.md
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---
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sidebarDepth: 2
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---
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<style>
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iframe {
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border: 2px solid #3eaf7c ;
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width: 100%;
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height: 500px;
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}
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</style>
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# 第一期学习活动
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## 第1天
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### 任务：Web服务器基本工作原理学习
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学习资料：
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1、https://www.cnblogs.com/BOHB-yunying/articles/10911192.html
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2、《Web工作原理》见附件
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作业：写一篇小短文，发布在星球，小短文中需要回答几个问题
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一个web服务器，最基本的由哪几个核心组件组成？
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讲述一下，web服务器从收到一个请求，到完成这个请求的响应，主要流程是什么？
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将自己理解的Web服务器工作原理，绘制一张图
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附件：[Web工作原理.pdf](/web-server/files/day1-Web工作原理.pdf)
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### 作业
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看了一下网上搜索出来的感觉大都很专业，我就说说我自己的看法叭
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web服务器组件我理解的是包含以下部分
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- 配置文件、默认错误页面（像404, 500等错误页模板）
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- 日志记录模块
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- 端口监听模块
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- 业务处理模块
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- 请求响应模块
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- 扩展模块（如反向代理等）
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web服务器主要完成以下几件事
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1. 监听到客户端发来的请求
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涉及到计算机网络结构方面的知识
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2. 处理请求
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1. 取得请求方法（GET, POST, PUT等），解析url，进行路由
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2. 通过路由知道客户端的请求
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分成静态、动态两类，静态资源直接返回给客户端就行了，动态资源需要去对应提供服务的业务取得（像php, java, asp.net等等）
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3. 将响应返回给用户
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响应头中还包含一些扩展信息（像web服务器版本信息，MIME，缓存配置信息，静态资源还会有修改时间）
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## 第2天
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### 任务：HTTP协议学习 & F12 & wireshark抓包
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学习资料：
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https://www.ruanyifeng.com/blog/2016/08/http.html
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https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/77376952
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https://haokan.baidu.com/v?pd=wisenatural&vid=9883591515530208938
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作业：写一篇小短文，发布在星球，完成下面这些内容
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- HTTP请求主要由哪几个部分组成？
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- HTTP响应主要由哪几部分组成？
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- HTTP头部和数据如何组织在一起？
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- 这是世界上第一个网页：
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http://info.cern.ch/hypertext/WWW/TheProject.html
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使用浏览器访问这个URL，并使用wireshark抓包，分析请求和响应。
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请求：Method、URI、HTTP版本、Headers
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响应：状态码、Headers、HTML内容
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### 作业
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#### HTTP请求主要由哪几个部分组成？
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**请求报文**
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1. **请求行**：请求方法字段、URL字段和HTTP协议版本
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例如：GET /index.html HTTP/1.1
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get方法将数据拼接在url后面，传递参数受限
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请求方法：GET、POST、HEAD、PUT、DELETE、OPTIONS、TRACE、CONNECT
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2. **请求头**(key value形式)
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||||||
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- User-Agent：产生请求的浏览器类型。
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||||||
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||||||
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- Accept：客户端可识别的内容类型列表。
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||||||
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||||||
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- Host：主机地址
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||||||
|
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||||||
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3. **请求数据**
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||||||
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post方法中，会把数据以key value形式发送请求
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||||||
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4. **空行**
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||||||
|
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||||||
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发送回车符和换行符，通知服务器以下不再有请求头
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||||||
|
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||||||
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#### HTTP响应主要由哪几部分组成？
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||||||
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**响应报文**
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||||||
|
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||||||
|
1. **状态行**
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||||||
|
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||||||
|
2. **消息报头**
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||||||
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||||||
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**3. 响应正文**
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||||||
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||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### HTTP头部和数据如何组织在一起？
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
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||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Wireshark抓包
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||||||
|
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||||||
|
首先打开Wireshark，访问：http://info.cern.ch/hypertext/WWW/TheProject.html
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||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
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使用Wireshark抓包（按照 `ip.src == 188.184.21.108` 过滤，先 `Ctrl+R` 清除记录一次）
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
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按 `Ctrl+Alt+Shift+T` 追踪TCP流（右键 追踪流、TCP流）
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||||||
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|
||||||
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||||||
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||||||
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```
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||||||
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GET /hypertext/WWW/TheProject.html HTTP/1.1
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||||||
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Host: info.cern.ch
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||||||
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User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:94.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/94.0
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||||||
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Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8
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||||||
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Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2
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||||||
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Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
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||||||
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Connection: keep-alive
|
||||||
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Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
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||||||
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Pragma: no-cache
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||||||
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Cache-Control: no-cache
|
||||||
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|
||||||
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HTTP/1.1 200 OK
|
||||||
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Date: Mon, 29 Nov 2021 12:28:56 GMT
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||||||
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Server: Apache
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||||||
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Last-Modified: Thu, 03 Dec 1992 08:37:20 GMT
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||||||
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ETag: "8a9-291e721905000"
|
||||||
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Accept-Ranges: bytes
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||||||
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Content-Length: 2217
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||||||
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Connection: close
|
||||||
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Content-Type: text/html
|
||||||
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|
||||||
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<HEADER>
|
||||||
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<TITLE>The World Wide Web project</TITLE>
|
||||||
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<NEXTID N="55">
|
||||||
|
</HEADER>
|
||||||
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<BODY>
|
||||||
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<H1>World Wide Web</H1>The WorldWideWeb (W3) is a wide-area<A
|
||||||
|
NAME=0 HREF="WhatIs.html">
|
||||||
|
hypermedia</A> information retrieval
|
||||||
|
initiative aiming to give universal
|
||||||
|
access to a large universe of documents.<P>
|
||||||
|
Everything there is online about
|
||||||
|
W3 is linked directly or indirectly
|
||||||
|
to this document, including an <A
|
||||||
|
NAME=24 HREF="Summary.html">executive
|
||||||
|
summary</A> of the project, <A
|
||||||
|
NAME=29 HREF="Administration/Mailing/Overview.html">Mailing lists</A>
|
||||||
|
, <A
|
||||||
|
NAME=30 HREF="Policy.html">Policy</A> , November's <A
|
||||||
|
NAME=34 HREF="News/9211.html">W3 news</A> ,
|
||||||
|
<A
|
||||||
|
NAME=41 HREF="FAQ/List.html">Frequently Asked Questions</A> .
|
||||||
|
<DL>
|
||||||
|
<DT><A
|
||||||
|
NAME=44 HREF="../DataSources/Top.html">What's out there?</A>
|
||||||
|
<DD> Pointers to the
|
||||||
|
world's online information,<A
|
||||||
|
NAME=45 HREF="../DataSources/bySubject/Overview.html"> subjects</A>
|
||||||
|
, <A
|
||||||
|
NAME=z54 HREF="../DataSources/WWW/Servers.html">W3 servers</A>, etc.
|
||||||
|
<DT><A
|
||||||
|
NAME=46 HREF="Help.html">Help</A>
|
||||||
|
<DD> on the browser you are using
|
||||||
|
<DT><A
|
||||||
|
NAME=13 HREF="Status.html">Software Products</A>
|
||||||
|
<DD> A list of W3 project
|
||||||
|
components and their current state.
|
||||||
|
(e.g. <A
|
||||||
|
NAME=27 HREF="LineMode/Browser.html">Line Mode</A> ,X11 <A
|
||||||
|
NAME=35 HREF="Status.html#35">Viola</A> , <A
|
||||||
|
NAME=26 HREF="NeXT/WorldWideWeb.html">NeXTStep</A>
|
||||||
|
, <A
|
||||||
|
NAME=25 HREF="Daemon/Overview.html">Servers</A> , <A
|
||||||
|
NAME=51 HREF="Tools/Overview.html">Tools</A> ,<A
|
||||||
|
NAME=53 HREF="MailRobot/Overview.html"> Mail robot</A> ,<A
|
||||||
|
NAME=52 HREF="Status.html#57">
|
||||||
|
Library</A> )
|
||||||
|
<DT><A
|
||||||
|
NAME=47 HREF="Technical.html">Technical</A>
|
||||||
|
<DD> Details of protocols, formats,
|
||||||
|
program internals etc
|
||||||
|
<DT><A
|
||||||
|
NAME=40 HREF="Bibliography.html">Bibliography</A>
|
||||||
|
<DD> Paper documentation
|
||||||
|
on W3 and references.
|
||||||
|
<DT><A
|
||||||
|
NAME=14 HREF="People.html">People</A>
|
||||||
|
<DD> A list of some people involved
|
||||||
|
in the project.
|
||||||
|
<DT><A
|
||||||
|
NAME=15 HREF="History.html">History</A>
|
||||||
|
<DD> A summary of the history
|
||||||
|
of the project.
|
||||||
|
<DT><A
|
||||||
|
NAME=37 HREF="Helping.html">How can I help</A> ?
|
||||||
|
<DD> If you would like
|
||||||
|
to support the web..
|
||||||
|
<DT><A
|
||||||
|
NAME=48 HREF="../README.html">Getting code</A>
|
||||||
|
<DD> Getting the code by<A
|
||||||
|
NAME=49 HREF="LineMode/Defaults/Distribution.html">
|
||||||
|
anonymous FTP</A> , etc.</A>
|
||||||
|
</DL>
|
||||||
|
</BODY>
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**请求**：
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Method：GET
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
URI：/hypertext/WWW/TheProject.html
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
HTTP版本：HTTP/1.1
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Headers：
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Host: info.cern.ch
|
||||||
|
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:94.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/94.0
|
||||||
|
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8
|
||||||
|
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2
|
||||||
|
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
|
||||||
|
Connection: keep-alive
|
||||||
|
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
|
||||||
|
Pragma: no-cache
|
||||||
|
Cache-Control: no-cache
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**响应**：
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
状态码：HTTP/1.1 200 OK
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Headers：
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Date: Mon, 29 Nov 2021 12:28:56 GMT
|
||||||
|
Server: Apache
|
||||||
|
Last-Modified: Thu, 03 Dec 1992 08:37:20 GMT
|
||||||
|
ETag: "8a9-291e721905000"
|
||||||
|
Accept-Ranges: bytes
|
||||||
|
Content-Length: 2217
|
||||||
|
Connection: close
|
||||||
|
Content-Type: text/html
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
HTML内容：
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
略
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 第3天
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 任务：套接字编程基础知识
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
学习资料：
|
||||||
|
《网络编程》第六章（见附件）
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
https://www.jianshu.com/p/6ca1c102fc00
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
https://wenku.baidu.com/view/8d0f749881c758f5f71f6749.html
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
作业：写一篇小短文，发布在星球，回答几个问题
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- 什么是套接字？
|
||||||
|
- 套接字有哪几个类型？
|
||||||
|
- 用套接字编写一个客户端和服务端，分别有哪几个步骤？
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
附件：[Linux网络编程.pdf](/web-server/files/day3-Linux网络编程.pdf)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 作业
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### 什么是套接字？
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
套接字（socket）为通信的端点，每个套接字由一个 IP 地址和一个端口号组成。通过网络通信的每对进程需要使用一对套接字，即每个进程各有一个。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### 套接字有哪几个类型？
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
套接字的类型
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
常用的TCP/IP协议的3种套接字类型如下所示。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
流套接字（SOCK_STREAM）：
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
流套接字用于提供面向连接、可靠的数据传输服务。该服务将保证数据能够实现无差错、无重复发送，并按顺序接收。流套接字之所以能够实现可靠的数据服务，原因在于其使用了传输控制协议，即TCP（The Transmission Control Protocol）协议。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
数据包套接字（SOCK_DGRAM）：
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
数据包套接字提供了一种无连接的服务。该服务并不能保证数据传输的可靠性，数据有可能在传输过程中丢失或出现数据重复，且无法保证顺序地接收到数据。数据包套接字使用UDP（User Datagram Protocol）协议进行数据的传输。由于数据包套接字不能保证数据传输的可靠性，对于有可能出现的数据丢失情况，需要在程序中做相应的处理。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
原始套接字（SOCK_RAW）：
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
原始套接字(SOCKET_RAW)允许对较低层次的协议直接访问，比如IP、 ICMP协议，它常用于检验新的协议实现，或者访问现有服务中配置的新设备，因为RAW SOCKET可以自如地控制Windows下的多种协议，能够对网络底层的传输机制进行控制，所以可以应用原始套接字来操纵网络层和传输层应用。比如，我们可以通过RAW SOCKET来接收发向本机的ICMP、IGMP协议包，或者接收TCP/IP栈不能够处理的IP包，也可以用来发送一些自定包头或自定协议的IP包。网络监听技术很大程度上依赖于SOCKET_RAW
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
原始套接字与标准套接字（标准套接字指的是前面介绍的流套接字和数据包套接字）的区别在于：原始套接字可以读写内核没有处理的IP数据包，而流套接字只能读取TCP协议的数据，数据报套接字只能读取UDP协议的数据。因此，如果要访问其他协议发送数据必须使用原始套接字。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### 用套接字编写一个客户端和服务端，分别有哪几个步骤？
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**服务端**：
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. 返回socket句柄
|
||||||
|
2. 设置套接字
|
||||||
|
3. 绑定端口，开始监听
|
||||||
|
4. 等待客户端连接
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**客户端**：
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. 创建连接
|
||||||
|
2. 发送请求
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-----
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
下面是网上找到的：
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**服务器**：
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. socketfd = socket(........); 返回一个socket文件句柄
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
2. 设置套接字 setsockopt(socketfd , SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &on, sizeof(on)) < 0) // int on =1; SO_REUSEADDR表示可以重复使用一个端口
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
3. memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
|
||||||
|
addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
|
||||||
|
addr.sin_port = ; (端口号) */
|
||||||
|
addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY); /* 可以监听本地的所有的ip */
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
4. bind(socketfd , (struct sockaddr*)&addr, sizeof(addr)) != 0 ) // 绑定端口和IP
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
5. listen(socketfd , 10) != 0 /* 启动监测数据,最多可以同时连接10个客服端 */
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
6. clientfd = accept(socketfd , (struct sockaddr *)&client_addr, &addr_len); /* 等待客服端的链接，如果有链接,则建立链接 返回一个客服端的clientfd 会堵塞*/
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**客户端**：
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. iSocketClient = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0); // SOCK_DGRAM 表示UDP
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
2. tSocketServerAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
|
||||||
|
tSocketServerAddr.sin_port = htons(端口号); /* host to net, short */
|
||||||
|
//tSocketServerAddr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
3. iRet = connect(iSocketClient, (const struct sockaddr *)&tSocketServerAddr, sizeof(struct sockaddr)); // 连接
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
参考：https://blog.csdn.net/lgz929974811/article/details/106006925
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## ★ 第4天
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 任务：编写一个TCP Client，发出一个简单的HTTP请求
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
学习资料：
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- C/C++ socket编程：《网络编程》（见附件）
|
||||||
|
- Python socket编程：[https://www.cnblogs.com/george92/p/9291394.html](https://www.cnblogs.com/george92/p/9291394.html)
|
||||||
|
- Java socket编程：[https://m.runoob.com/java/java-networking.html](https://m.runoob.com/java/java-networking.html)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
作业：
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
编写一个TCP Client程序，向http://www.baidu.com发起一个GET请求，并把服务器返回的数据打印出来
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
附件：[Linux网络编程.pdf](/web-server/files/day3-Linux网络编程.pdf)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 作业
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
面向连接的socket的工作流程👇
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
无连接的socket工作流程👇
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## ★ 第5天
|
||||||
|
### 任务：编写一个TCP Server，发出一个简单的HTTP响应
|
||||||
|
学习资料：同昨天相同
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
作业：
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
编写一个TCP Server程序，当收到客户发来GET请求时（先不用管请求的具体是什么），都返回一个网页，网页的内容如下：
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```html
|
||||||
|
<html>
|
||||||
|
<body>
|
||||||
|
<h1>这是我的第一个网页！</h1>
|
||||||
|
</body>
|
||||||
|
</html>
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
使用浏览器去访问自己写的这个TCP Server，截图展示访问效果
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
然后使用前一天自己编写的TCP Client去请求这个Server，通过Client将这个网页内容打印出来！
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 作业
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## ★ 第8天
|
||||||
|
### 任务：改造TCP Server，发送一个HTML文件
|
||||||
|
学习资料：同任务4
|
||||||
|
作业：今天的任务只有一个改动，就是将第五天任务中的TCP Server返回的那个网页内容，改为从文件中加载，而不是固定写死在代码中。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## ★ 第9天
|
||||||
|
### 任务：使用多线程
|
||||||
|
学习资料：同任务4
|
||||||
|
作业：
|
||||||
|
在原来TCP Server基础上进行改造：当服务器收到连接请求时，启动一个单独的线程进行处理。并且不要关闭连接，继续监听这个客户端后续的请求。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
附件：[Linux网络编程.pdf](/web-server/files/day3-Linux网络编程.pdf)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 作业
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 第10天
|
||||||
|
### 任务：设计并使用配置文件
|
||||||
|
学习资料：无
|
||||||
|
作业：
|
||||||
|
Web服务器一般会拥有多个参数，将服务器绑定的IP、端口、HTML文件所在的目录，写在配置文件中，程序启动的时候进行加载。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
需要自己设计自己的Web服务器的文件格式，可以参考JSON、XML、YML等格式
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 作业
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<iframe src="/web-server/files/day10-conf.json"></iframe>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 作业
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 作业
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 作业
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 作业
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-----
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
11.29 11:01
|
||||||
|
其他人的作业
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# 笔记
|
||||||
|
#### 回答轩辕大佬的问题：
|
||||||
|
##### 1.Web服务器 约等于 HTTP服务器 + 其他服务
|
||||||
|
（先不去管它这些操作具体的名称，单纯记录他的操作，后面再补）
|
||||||
|
包含：拿到数据包之后解包的东西、解析客户端的意图的东西、进行分类处理，或是提供某种文件、或是处理数据的东西、将结果装入缓冲区的东西、将以HTTP协议格式打包的东西、将该数据包推入Internet的东西
|
||||||
|
##### 2.主要流程是：接收数据 ⇒ HTTP解析 ⇒ 逻辑处理 ⇒ HTTP封包 ⇒ 发送数据
|
||||||
|
##### 3.用电脑画图画的，有点丑哈哈哈
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### 其他
|
||||||
|
顺便熟悉一下Markdown语法哈哈哈
|
||||||
|
稍微浏览了一下计网的书，感觉轩辕大佬的模式很好，通过项目学习，补充细节
|
||||||
|
在公众号搜到几篇文章，感觉挺有意思的，特别是有画小人的那个图解的
|
||||||
|
##### 网址信息收集
|
||||||
|
__*下面四个是一个系列的*__
|
||||||
|
[# 自己动手开发一个 Web 服务器（一）](https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/cTfLlJNpKhixk31zlvaFgg）
|
||||||
|
[# 自己动手开发一个 Web 服务器（二）](https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/2ulVC3L3w3YLcN4QS6lEvA）
|
||||||
|
[# 自己动手开发一个 Web 服务器（三）《https://wx.zsxq.com/mweb/views/weread/search.html?keyword=A》](https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/Yn_4XhwNSAuqNFGAilSmAA）
|
||||||
|
[# 自己动手开发一个 Web 服务器（三）《https://wx.zsxq.com/mweb/views/weread/search.html?keyword=B》](https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/B0CRXwKs8Z8FrW5tbEVHpg）
|
||||||
|
***
|
||||||
|
[#Web服务器工作原理详解（基础篇）](https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/eb7xOT0-2uE9caaEfAqSCg）（就是轩辕大佬发的）
|
||||||
|
[# Linux下Web服务器详解](https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/RZFQLpgjHj1V89BWyT8pQA）
|
||||||
|
[# Linux | 搭建Web服务器](https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/X6u3SBhZ7A54-uczToD9Kw）
|
||||||
|
[# 来写一个属于自己的Web服务器](https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/W5eDKKcHwlHtc-ssWOWBAg）
|
||||||
|
[# 开发一个属于自己的 web 服务器](https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/zX8JGTQ-GwC2q63UuIQKFw）
|
||||||
|
[# 如何开发一个web静态服务器](https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/H_t4jPSiBdogYVscoqUVaA）
|
||||||
|
[# 开发一个 web 服务器](https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/EoDV6g93TzKMGDV-R12jqA）
|
||||||
|
[# web服务器开发之理论篇](https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/ufQ68pdC7ZR3aI2gKZdsgw）
|
||||||
|
[# 手写一个 web 服务器！](https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/cKgoSqIk97M1M9Q-gBOLBw）
|
||||||
|
[# Python 高手之路：从零开始打造一个Web服务器](https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/3OWFXRTfhL30twQF4UzFUQ）
|
||||||
|
|
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|
|
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|
|
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|
|
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|
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|
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|
|
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|
|
||||||
|
https://t.zsxq.com/YNZNRnm
|
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Reference in New Issue
Block a user