leetcode-problemset/leetcode/problem/vowels-of-all-substrings.html

<p>Given a string <code>word</code>, return <em>the <strong>sum of the number of vowels</strong> (</em><code>&#39;a&#39;</code>, <code>&#39;e&#39;</code><em>,</em> <code>&#39;i&#39;</code><em>,</em> <code>&#39;o&#39;</code><em>, and</em> <code>&#39;u&#39;</code><em>)</em> <em>in every substring of </em><code>word</code>.</p>

<p>A <strong>substring</strong> is a contiguous (non-empty) sequence of characters within a string.</p>

<p><strong>Note:</strong> Due to the large constraints, the answer may not fit in a signed 32-bit integer. Please be careful during the calculations.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong class="example">Example 1:</strong></p>

<pre>
<strong>Input:</strong> word = &quot;aba&quot;
<strong>Output:</strong> 6
<strong>Explanation:</strong> 
All possible substrings are: &quot;a&quot;, &quot;ab&quot;, &quot;aba&quot;, &quot;b&quot;, &quot;ba&quot;, and &quot;a&quot;.
- &quot;b&quot; has 0 vowels in it
- &quot;a&quot;, &quot;ab&quot;, &quot;ba&quot;, and &quot;a&quot; have 1 vowel each
- &quot;aba&quot; has 2 vowels in it
Hence, the total sum of vowels = 0 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 2 = 6. 
</pre>

<p><strong class="example">Example 2:</strong></p>

<pre>
<strong>Input:</strong> word = &quot;abc&quot;
<strong>Output:</strong> 3
<strong>Explanation:</strong> 
All possible substrings are: &quot;a&quot;, &quot;ab&quot;, &quot;abc&quot;, &quot;b&quot;, &quot;bc&quot;, and &quot;c&quot;.
- &quot;a&quot;, &quot;ab&quot;, and &quot;abc&quot; have 1 vowel each
- &quot;b&quot;, &quot;bc&quot;, and &quot;c&quot; have 0 vowels each
Hence, the total sum of vowels = 1 + 1 + 1 + 0 + 0 + 0 = 3.
</pre>

<p><strong class="example">Example 3:</strong></p>

<pre>
<strong>Input:</strong> word = &quot;ltcd&quot;
<strong>Output:</strong> 0
<strong>Explanation:</strong> There are no vowels in any substring of &quot;ltcd&quot;.
</pre>

<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Constraints:</strong></p>

<ul>
	<li><code>1 &lt;= word.length &lt;= 10<sup>5</sup></code></li>
	<li><code>word</code> consists of lowercase English letters.</li>
</ul>