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130 lines
5.1 KiB
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130 lines
5.1 KiB
HTML
<p>表：<code>drivers</code></p>
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<pre>
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+-------------+---------+
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| Column Name | Type |
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+-------------+---------+
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| driver_id | int |
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| driver_name | varchar |
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+-------------+---------+
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driver_id 是这张表的唯一主键。
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每一行都包含一个司机的信息。
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</pre>
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<p>表：<code>trips</code></p>
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<pre>
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+---------------+---------+
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| Column Name | Type |
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+---------------+---------+
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| trip_id | int |
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| driver_id | int |
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| trip_date | date |
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| distance_km | decimal |
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| fuel_consumed | decimal |
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+---------------+---------+
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trip_id 是这张表的唯一主键。
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每一行表示一名司机完成的一次行程，包括该次行程行驶的距离和消耗的燃油量。
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</pre>
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<p>编写一个解决方案，通过 <strong>比较</strong> 司机在 <strong>上半年</strong> 和 <strong>下半年</strong> 的 <strong>平均燃油效率</strong> 来找出 <strong>燃油效率有所提高</strong> 的司机。</p>
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<ul>
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<li>通过 <code>distance_km / fuel_consumed</code> 计算 <strong>每次</strong> 行程的 <strong>燃油效率</strong>。</li>
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<li><strong>上半年：</strong>一月到六月，<strong>下半年：</strong>七月到十二月</li>
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<li>只包含在上半年和下半年都有行程的司机</li>
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<li>通过（<code>second_half_avg - first_half_avg</code>）计算 <strong>提升效率</strong>。</li>
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<li>将所有结果 <strong>四舍五入</strong> 到小数点后 <code>2</code> 位</li>
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</ul>
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<p>返回结果表按提升效率 <strong>降序</strong> 排列，然后按司机姓名 <strong>升序</strong> 排列。</p>
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<p>结果格式如下所示。</p>
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<p> </p>
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<p><strong class="example">示例：</strong></p>
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<div class="example-block">
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<p><strong>输入：</strong></p>
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<p>drivers 表：</p>
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<pre class="example-io">
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+-----------+---------------+
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| driver_id | driver_name |
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+-----------+---------------+
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| 1 | Alice Johnson |
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| 2 | Bob Smith |
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| 3 | Carol Davis |
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| 4 | David Wilson |
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| 5 | Emma Brown |
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+-----------+---------------+
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</pre>
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<p>trips 表：</p>
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<pre class="example-io">
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+---------+-----------+------------+-------------+---------------+
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| trip_id | driver_id | trip_date | distance_km | fuel_consumed |
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+---------+-----------+------------+-------------+---------------+
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| 1 | 1 | 2023-02-15 | 120.5 | 10.2 |
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| 2 | 1 | 2023-03-20 | 200.0 | 16.5 |
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| 3 | 1 | 2023-08-10 | 150.0 | 11.0 |
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| 4 | 1 | 2023-09-25 | 180.0 | 12.5 |
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| 5 | 2 | 2023-01-10 | 100.0 | 9.0 |
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| 6 | 2 | 2023-04-15 | 250.0 | 22.0 |
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| 7 | 2 | 2023-10-05 | 200.0 | 15.0 |
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| 8 | 3 | 2023-03-12 | 80.0 | 8.5 |
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| 9 | 3 | 2023-05-18 | 90.0 | 9.2 |
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| 10 | 4 | 2023-07-22 | 160.0 | 12.8 |
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| 11 | 4 | 2023-11-30 | 140.0 | 11.0 |
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| 12 | 5 | 2023-02-28 | 110.0 | 11.5 |
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+---------+-----------+------------+-------------+---------------+
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</pre>
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<p><strong>输出：</strong></p>
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<pre class="example-io">
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+-----------+---------------+------------------+-------------------+------------------------+
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| driver_id | driver_name | first_half_avg | second_half_avg | efficiency_improvement |
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+-----------+---------------+------------------+-------------------+------------------------+
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| 2 | Bob Smith | 11.24 | 13.33 | 2.10 |
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| 1 | Alice Johnson | 11.97 | 14.02 | 2.05 |
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+-----------+---------------+------------------+-------------------+------------------------+
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</pre>
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<p><strong>解释：</strong></p>
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<ul>
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<li><strong>Alice Johnson (driver_id = 1):</strong>
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<ul>
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<li>上半年行程（一月到六月）：Feb 15 (120.5/10.2 = 11.81), Mar 20 (200.0/16.5 = 12.12)</li>
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<li>上半年平均效率：(11.81 + 12.12) / 2 = 11.97</li>
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<li>下半年行程（七月到十二月）：Aug 10 (150.0/11.0 = 13.64), Sep 25 (180.0/12.5 = 14.40)</li>
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<li>下半年平均效率：(13.64 + 14.40) / 2 = 14.02</li>
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<li>效率提升：14.02 - 11.97 = 2.05</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li><strong>Bob Smith (driver_id = 2):</strong>
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<ul>
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<li>上半年行程：Jan 10 (100.0/9.0 = 11.11), Apr 15 (250.0/22.0 = 11.36)</li>
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<li>上半年平均效率：(11.11 + 11.36) / 2 = 11.24</li>
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<li>下半年行程：Oct 5 (200.0/15.0 = 13.33)</li>
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<li>下半年平均效率：13.33</li>
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<li>效率提升：13.33 - 11.24 = 2.10（舍入到 2 位小数）</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li><strong>未包含的司机：</strong>
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<ul>
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<li>Carol Davis (driver_id = 3)：只有上半年的行程（三月，五月）</li>
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<li>David Wilson (driver_id = 4)：只有下半年的行程（七月，十一月）</li>
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<li>Emma Brown (driver_id = 5)：只有上半年的行程（二月）</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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</ul>
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<p>输出表按提升效率降序排列，然后按司机名字升序排列。</p>
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</div>
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