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https://gitee.com/coder-xiaomo/leetcode-problemset
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196 lines
28 KiB
JSON
196 lines
28 KiB
JSON
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"questionId": "381",
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"title": "Insert Delete GetRandom O(1) - Duplicates allowed",
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"content": "<p><code>RandomizedCollection</code> is a data structure that contains a collection of numbers, possibly duplicates (i.e., a multiset). It should support inserting and removing specific elements and also reporting a random element.</p>\n\n<p>Implement the <code>RandomizedCollection</code> class:</p>\n\n<ul>\n\t<li><code>RandomizedCollection()</code> Initializes the empty <code>RandomizedCollection</code> object.</li>\n\t<li><code>bool insert(int val)</code> Inserts an item <code>val</code> into the multiset, even if the item is already present. Returns <code>true</code> if the item is not present, <code>false</code> otherwise.</li>\n\t<li><code>bool remove(int val)</code> Removes an item <code>val</code> from the multiset if present. Returns <code>true</code> if the item is present, <code>false</code> otherwise. Note that if <code>val</code> has multiple occurrences in the multiset, we only remove one of them.</li>\n\t<li><code>int getRandom()</code> Returns a random element from the current multiset of elements. The probability of each element being returned is <strong>linearly related</strong> to the number of the same values the multiset contains.</li>\n</ul>\n\n<p>You must implement the functions of the class such that each function works on <strong>average</strong> <code>O(1)</code> time complexity.</p>\n\n<p><strong>Note:</strong> The test cases are generated such that <code>getRandom</code> will only be called if there is <strong>at least one</strong> item in the <code>RandomizedCollection</code>.</p>\n\n<p> </p>\n<p><strong class=\"example\">Example 1:</strong></p>\n\n<pre>\n<strong>Input</strong>\n["RandomizedCollection", "insert", "insert", "insert", "getRandom", "remove", "getRandom"]\n[[], [1], [1], [2], [], [1], []]\n<strong>Output</strong>\n[null, true, false, true, 2, true, 1]\n\n<strong>Explanation</strong>\nRandomizedCollection randomizedCollection = new RandomizedCollection();\nrandomizedCollection.insert(1); // return true since the collection does not contain 1.\n // Inserts 1 into the collection.\nrandomizedCollection.insert(1); // return false since the collection contains 1.\n // Inserts another 1 into the collection. Collection now contains [1,1].\nrandomizedCollection.insert(2); // return true since the collection does not contain 2.\n // Inserts 2 into the collection. Collection now contains [1,1,2].\nrandomizedCollection.getRandom(); // getRandom should:\n // - return 1 with probability 2/3, or\n // - return 2 with probability 1/3.\nrandomizedCollection.remove(1); // return true since the collection contains 1.\n // Removes 1 from the collection. Collection now contains [1,2].\nrandomizedCollection.getRandom(); // getRandom should return 1 or 2, both equally likely.\n</pre>\n\n<p> </p>\n<p><strong>Constraints:</strong></p>\n\n<ul>\n\t<li><code>-2<sup>31</sup> <= val <= 2<sup>31</sup> - 1</code></li>\n\t<li>At most <code>2 * 10<sup>5</sup></code> calls <strong>in total</strong> will be made to <code>insert</code>, <code>remove</code>, and <code>getRandom</code>.</li>\n\t<li>There will be <strong>at least one</strong> element in the data structure when <code>getRandom</code> is called.</li>\n</ul>\n",
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"code": "class RandomizedCollection {\npublic:\n RandomizedCollection() {\n \n }\n \n bool insert(int val) {\n \n }\n \n bool remove(int val) {\n \n }\n \n int getRandom() {\n \n }\n};\n\n/**\n * Your RandomizedCollection object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * RandomizedCollection* obj = new RandomizedCollection();\n * bool param_1 = obj->insert(val);\n * bool param_2 = obj->remove(val);\n * int param_3 = obj->getRandom();\n */",
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"code": "class RandomizedCollection {\n\n public RandomizedCollection() {\n \n }\n \n public boolean insert(int val) {\n \n }\n \n public boolean remove(int val) {\n \n }\n \n public int getRandom() {\n \n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your RandomizedCollection object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * RandomizedCollection obj = new RandomizedCollection();\n * boolean param_1 = obj.insert(val);\n * boolean param_2 = obj.remove(val);\n * int param_3 = obj.getRandom();\n */",
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"code": "class RandomizedCollection(object):\n\n def __init__(self):\n \n\n def insert(self, val):\n \"\"\"\n :type val: int\n :rtype: bool\n \"\"\"\n \n\n def remove(self, val):\n \"\"\"\n :type val: int\n :rtype: bool\n \"\"\"\n \n\n def getRandom(self):\n \"\"\"\n :rtype: int\n \"\"\"\n \n\n\n# Your RandomizedCollection object will be instantiated and called as such:\n# obj = RandomizedCollection()\n# param_1 = obj.insert(val)\n# param_2 = obj.remove(val)\n# param_3 = obj.getRandom()",
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"code": "class RandomizedCollection:\n\n def __init__(self):\n \n\n def insert(self, val: int) -> bool:\n \n\n def remove(self, val: int) -> bool:\n \n\n def getRandom(self) -> int:\n \n\n\n# Your RandomizedCollection object will be instantiated and called as such:\n# obj = RandomizedCollection()\n# param_1 = obj.insert(val)\n# param_2 = obj.remove(val)\n# param_3 = obj.getRandom()",
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"lang": "C",
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"code": "\n\n\ntypedef struct {\n \n} RandomizedCollection;\n\n\nRandomizedCollection* randomizedCollectionCreate() {\n \n}\n\nbool randomizedCollectionInsert(RandomizedCollection* obj, int val) {\n \n}\n\nbool randomizedCollectionRemove(RandomizedCollection* obj, int val) {\n \n}\n\nint randomizedCollectionGetRandom(RandomizedCollection* obj) {\n \n}\n\nvoid randomizedCollectionFree(RandomizedCollection* obj) {\n \n}\n\n/**\n * Your RandomizedCollection struct will be instantiated and called as such:\n * RandomizedCollection* obj = randomizedCollectionCreate();\n * bool param_1 = randomizedCollectionInsert(obj, val);\n \n * bool param_2 = randomizedCollectionRemove(obj, val);\n \n * int param_3 = randomizedCollectionGetRandom(obj);\n \n * randomizedCollectionFree(obj);\n*/",
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"lang": "C#",
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"code": "public class RandomizedCollection {\n\n public RandomizedCollection() {\n \n }\n \n public bool Insert(int val) {\n \n }\n \n public bool Remove(int val) {\n \n }\n \n public int GetRandom() {\n \n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your RandomizedCollection object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * RandomizedCollection obj = new RandomizedCollection();\n * bool param_1 = obj.Insert(val);\n * bool param_2 = obj.Remove(val);\n * int param_3 = obj.GetRandom();\n */",
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"lang": "JavaScript",
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"code": "\nvar RandomizedCollection = function() {\n \n};\n\n/** \n * @param {number} val\n * @return {boolean}\n */\nRandomizedCollection.prototype.insert = function(val) {\n \n};\n\n/** \n * @param {number} val\n * @return {boolean}\n */\nRandomizedCollection.prototype.remove = function(val) {\n \n};\n\n/**\n * @return {number}\n */\nRandomizedCollection.prototype.getRandom = function() {\n \n};\n\n/** \n * Your RandomizedCollection object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * var obj = new RandomizedCollection()\n * var param_1 = obj.insert(val)\n * var param_2 = obj.remove(val)\n * var param_3 = obj.getRandom()\n */",
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"code": "class RandomizedCollection {\n constructor() {\n \n }\n\n insert(val: number): boolean {\n \n }\n\n remove(val: number): boolean {\n \n }\n\n getRandom(): number {\n \n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your RandomizedCollection object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * var obj = new RandomizedCollection()\n * var param_1 = obj.insert(val)\n * var param_2 = obj.remove(val)\n * var param_3 = obj.getRandom()\n */",
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"code": "class RandomizedCollection {\n /**\n */\n function __construct() {\n \n }\n \n /**\n * @param Integer $val\n * @return Boolean\n */\n function insert($val) {\n \n }\n \n /**\n * @param Integer $val\n * @return Boolean\n */\n function remove($val) {\n \n }\n \n /**\n * @return Integer\n */\n function getRandom() {\n \n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your RandomizedCollection object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * $obj = RandomizedCollection();\n * $ret_1 = $obj->insert($val);\n * $ret_2 = $obj->remove($val);\n * $ret_3 = $obj->getRandom();\n */",
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"code": "\nclass RandomizedCollection {\n\n init() {\n \n }\n \n func insert(_ val: Int) -> Bool {\n \n }\n \n func remove(_ val: Int) -> Bool {\n \n }\n \n func getRandom() -> Int {\n \n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your RandomizedCollection object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * let obj = RandomizedCollection()\n * let ret_1: Bool = obj.insert(val)\n * let ret_2: Bool = obj.remove(val)\n * let ret_3: Int = obj.getRandom()\n */",
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"lang": "Kotlin",
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"code": "class RandomizedCollection() {\n\n fun insert(`val`: Int): Boolean {\n \n }\n\n fun remove(`val`: Int): Boolean {\n \n }\n\n fun getRandom(): Int {\n \n }\n\n}\n\n/**\n * Your RandomizedCollection object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * var obj = RandomizedCollection()\n * var param_1 = obj.insert(`val`)\n * var param_2 = obj.remove(`val`)\n * var param_3 = obj.getRandom()\n */",
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"lang": "Dart",
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"code": "class RandomizedCollection {\n\n RandomizedCollection() {\n \n }\n \n bool insert(int val) {\n \n }\n \n bool remove(int val) {\n \n }\n \n int getRandom() {\n \n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your RandomizedCollection object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * RandomizedCollection obj = RandomizedCollection();\n * bool param1 = obj.insert(val);\n * bool param2 = obj.remove(val);\n * int param3 = obj.getRandom();\n */",
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"lang": "Go",
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"langSlug": "golang",
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"code": "type RandomizedCollection struct {\n \n}\n\n\nfunc Constructor() RandomizedCollection {\n \n}\n\n\nfunc (this *RandomizedCollection) Insert(val int) bool {\n \n}\n\n\nfunc (this *RandomizedCollection) Remove(val int) bool {\n \n}\n\n\nfunc (this *RandomizedCollection) GetRandom() int {\n \n}\n\n\n/**\n * Your RandomizedCollection object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * obj := Constructor();\n * param_1 := obj.Insert(val);\n * param_2 := obj.Remove(val);\n * param_3 := obj.GetRandom();\n */",
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"lang": "Ruby",
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"langSlug": "ruby",
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"code": "class RandomizedCollection\n def initialize()\n \n end\n\n\n=begin\n :type val: Integer\n :rtype: Boolean\n=end\n def insert(val)\n \n end\n\n\n=begin\n :type val: Integer\n :rtype: Boolean\n=end\n def remove(val)\n \n end\n\n\n=begin\n :rtype: Integer\n=end\n def get_random()\n \n end\n\n\nend\n\n# Your RandomizedCollection object will be instantiated and called as such:\n# obj = RandomizedCollection.new()\n# param_1 = obj.insert(val)\n# param_2 = obj.remove(val)\n# param_3 = obj.get_random()",
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"lang": "Scala",
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"code": "class RandomizedCollection() {\n\n def insert(`val`: Int): Boolean = {\n \n }\n\n def remove(`val`: Int): Boolean = {\n \n }\n\n def getRandom(): Int = {\n \n }\n\n}\n\n/**\n * Your RandomizedCollection object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * var obj = new RandomizedCollection()\n * var param_1 = obj.insert(`val`)\n * var param_2 = obj.remove(`val`)\n * var param_3 = obj.getRandom()\n */",
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"lang": "Rust",
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"code": "struct RandomizedCollection {\n\n}\n\n\n/** \n * `&self` means the method takes an immutable reference.\n * If you need a mutable reference, change it to `&mut self` instead.\n */\nimpl RandomizedCollection {\n\n fn new() -> Self {\n \n }\n \n fn insert(&self, val: i32) -> bool {\n \n }\n \n fn remove(&self, val: i32) -> bool {\n \n }\n \n fn get_random(&self) -> i32 {\n \n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your RandomizedCollection object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * let obj = RandomizedCollection::new();\n * let ret_1: bool = obj.insert(val);\n * let ret_2: bool = obj.remove(val);\n * let ret_3: i32 = obj.get_random();\n */",
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"code": "(define randomized-collection%\n (class object%\n (super-new)\n \n (init-field)\n \n ; insert : exact-integer? -> boolean?\n (define/public (insert val)\n )\n ; remove : exact-integer? -> boolean?\n (define/public (remove val)\n )\n ; get-random : -> exact-integer?\n (define/public (get-random)\n )))\n\n;; Your randomized-collection% object will be instantiated and called as such:\n;; (define obj (new randomized-collection%))\n;; (define param_1 (send obj insert val))\n;; (define param_2 (send obj remove val))\n;; (define param_3 (send obj get-random))",
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"code": "-spec randomized_collection_init_() -> any().\nrandomized_collection_init_() ->\n .\n\n-spec randomized_collection_insert(Val :: integer()) -> boolean().\nrandomized_collection_insert(Val) ->\n .\n\n-spec randomized_collection_remove(Val :: integer()) -> boolean().\nrandomized_collection_remove(Val) ->\n .\n\n-spec randomized_collection_get_random() -> integer().\nrandomized_collection_get_random() ->\n .\n\n\n%% Your functions will be called as such:\n%% randomized_collection_init_(),\n%% Param_1 = randomized_collection_insert(Val),\n%% Param_2 = randomized_collection_remove(Val),\n%% Param_3 = randomized_collection_get_random(),\n\n%% randomized_collection_init_ will be called before every test case, in which you can do some necessary initializations.",
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"code": "defmodule RandomizedCollection do\n @spec init_() :: any\n def init_() do\n \n end\n\n @spec insert(val :: integer) :: boolean\n def insert(val) do\n \n end\n\n @spec remove(val :: integer) :: boolean\n def remove(val) do\n \n end\n\n @spec get_random() :: integer\n def get_random() do\n \n end\nend\n\n# Your functions will be called as such:\n# RandomizedCollection.init_()\n# param_1 = RandomizedCollection.insert(val)\n# param_2 = RandomizedCollection.remove(val)\n# param_3 = RandomizedCollection.get_random()\n\n# RandomizedCollection.init_ will be called before every test case, in which you can do some necessary initializations.",
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Java 8 features such as lambda expressions and stream API can be used. </p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Most standard library headers are already included automatically for your convenience.</p>\\r\\n<p>Includes <code>Pair</code> class from https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/javafx/api/javafx/util/Pair.html.</p>\"], \"python\": [\"Python\", \"<p><code>Python 2.7.12</code>.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Most libraries are already imported automatically for your convenience, such as <a href=\\\"https://docs.python.org/2/library/array.html\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">array</a>, <a href=\\\"https://docs.python.org/2/library/bisect.html\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">bisect</a>, <a href=\\\"https://docs.python.org/2/library/collections.html\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">collections</a>. If you need more libraries, you can import it yourself.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>For Map/TreeMap data structure, you may use <a href=\\\"http://www.grantjenks.com/docs/sortedcontainers/\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">sortedcontainers</a> library.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Note that Python 2.7 <a href=\\\"https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0373/\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">will not be maintained past 2020</a>. For the latest Python, please choose Python3 instead.</p>\"], \"c\": [\"C\", \"<p>Compiled with <code>gcc 8.2</code> using the gnu11 standard.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Your code is compiled with level one optimization (<code>-O1</code>). <a href=\\\"https://github.com/google/sanitizers/wiki/AddressSanitizer\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">AddressSanitizer</a> is also enabled to help detect out-of-bounds and use-after-free bugs.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Most standard library headers are already included automatically for your convenience.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>For hash table operations, you may use <a href=\\\"https://troydhanson.github.io/uthash/\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">uthash</a>. \\\"uthash.h\\\" is included by default. Below are some examples:</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p><b>1. Adding an item to a hash.</b>\\r\\n<pre>\\r\\nstruct hash_entry {\\r\\n int id; /* we'll use this field as the key */\\r\\n char name[10];\\r\\n UT_hash_handle hh; /* makes this structure hashable */\\r\\n};\\r\\n\\r\\nstruct hash_entry *users = NULL;\\r\\n\\r\\nvoid add_user(struct hash_entry *s) {\\r\\n HASH_ADD_INT(users, id, s);\\r\\n}\\r\\n</pre>\\r\\n</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p><b>2. Looking up an item in a hash:</b>\\r\\n<pre>\\r\\nstruct hash_entry *find_user(int user_id) {\\r\\n struct hash_entry *s;\\r\\n HASH_FIND_INT(users, &user_id, s);\\r\\n return s;\\r\\n}\\r\\n</pre>\\r\\n</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p><b>3. Deleting an item in a hash:</b>\\r\\n<pre>\\r\\nvoid delete_user(struct hash_entry *user) {\\r\\n HASH_DEL(users, user); \\r\\n}\\r\\n</pre>\\r\\n</p>\"], \"csharp\": [\"C#\", \"<p><a href=\\\"https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/whats-new/csharp-10\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">C# 10 with .NET 6 runtime</a></p>\"], \"javascript\": [\"JavaScript\", \"<p><code>Node.js 16.13.2</code>.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Your code is run with <code>--harmony</code> flag, enabling <a href=\\\"http://node.green/\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">new ES6 features</a>.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p><a href=\\\"https://lodash.com\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">lodash.js</a> library is included by default.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>For Priority Queue / Queue data structures, you may use 5.3.0 version of <a href=\\\"https://github.com/datastructures-js/priority-queue/tree/fb4fdb984834421279aeb081df7af624d17c2a03\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">datastructures-js/priority-queue</a> and 4.2.1 version of <a href=\\\"https://github.com/datastructures-js/queue/tree/e63563025a5a805aa16928cb53bcd517bfea9230\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">datastructures-js/queue</a>.</p>\"], \"ruby\": [\"Ruby\", \"<p><code>Ruby 3.1</code></p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Some common data structure implementations are provided in the Algorithms module: https://www.rubydoc.info/github/kanwei/algorithms/Algorithms</p>\"], \"swift\": [\"Swift\", \"<p><code>Swift 5.5.2</code>.</p>\"], \"golang\": [\"Go\", \"<p><code>Go 1.21</code></p>\\r\\n<p>Support <a href=\\\"https://github.com/emirpasic/gods/tree/v1.18.1\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">https://godoc.org/github.com/emirpasic/gods@v1.18.1</a> library.</p>\"], \"python3\": [\"Python3\", \"<p><code>Python 3.10</code>.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Most libraries are already imported automatically for your convenience, such as <a href=\\\"https://docs.python.org/3/library/array.html\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">array</a>, <a href=\\\"https://docs.python.org/3/library/bisect.html\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">bisect</a>, <a href=\\\"https://docs.python.org/3/library/collections.html\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">collections</a>. If you need more libraries, you can import it yourself.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>For Map/TreeMap data structure, you may use <a href=\\\"http://www.grantjenks.com/docs/sortedcontainers/\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">sortedcontainers</a> library.</p>\"], \"scala\": [\"Scala\", \"<p><code>Scala 2.13.7</code>.</p>\"], \"kotlin\": [\"Kotlin\", \"<p><code>Kotlin 1.9.0</code>.</p>\"], \"rust\": [\"Rust\", \"<p><code>Rust 1.58.1</code></p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Supports <a href=\\\"https://crates.io/crates/rand\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">rand </a> v0.6\\u00a0from crates.io</p>\"], \"php\": [\"PHP\", \"<p><code>PHP 8.1</code>.</p>\\r\\n<p>With bcmath module</p>\"], \"typescript\": [\"Typescript\", \"<p><code>TypeScript 5.1.6, Node.js 16.13.2</code>.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Your code is run with <code>--harmony</code> flag, enabling <a href=\\\"http://node.green/\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">new ES2022 features</a>.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p><a href=\\\"https://lodash.com\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">lodash.js</a> library is included by default.</p>\"], \"racket\": [\"Racket\", \"<p>Run with <code>Racket 8.3</code>.</p>\"], \"erlang\": [\"Erlang\", \"Erlang/OTP 25.0\"], \"elixir\": [\"Elixir\", \"Elixir 1.13.4 with Erlang/OTP 25.0\"], \"dart\": [\"Dart\", \"<p>Dart 2.17.3</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Your code will be run directly without compiling</p>\"]}",
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