mirror of
https://gitee.com/coder-xiaomo/leetcode-problemset
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187 lines
32 KiB
JSON
187 lines
32 KiB
JSON
{
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"data": {
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"question": {
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"questionId": "1722",
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"questionFrontendId": "1600",
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"boundTopicId": null,
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"title": "Throne Inheritance",
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"titleSlug": "throne-inheritance",
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"content": "<p>A kingdom consists of a king, his children, his grandchildren, and so on. Every once in a while, someone in the family dies or a child is born.</p>\n\n<p>The kingdom has a well-defined order of inheritance that consists of the king as the first member. Let's define the recursive function <code>Successor(x, curOrder)</code>, which given a person <code>x</code> and the inheritance order so far, returns who should be the next person after <code>x</code> in the order of inheritance.</p>\n\n<pre>\nSuccessor(x, curOrder):\n if x has no children or all of x's children are in curOrder:\n if x is the king return null\n else return Successor(x's parent, curOrder)\n else return x's oldest child who's not in curOrder\n</pre>\n\n<p>For example, assume we have a kingdom that consists of the king, his children Alice and Bob (Alice is older than Bob), and finally Alice's son Jack.</p>\n\n<ol>\n\t<li>In the beginning, <code>curOrder</code> will be <code>["king"]</code>.</li>\n\t<li>Calling <code>Successor(king, curOrder)</code> will return Alice, so we append to <code>curOrder</code> to get <code>["king", "Alice"]</code>.</li>\n\t<li>Calling <code>Successor(Alice, curOrder)</code> will return Jack, so we append to <code>curOrder</code> to get <code>["king", "Alice", "Jack"]</code>.</li>\n\t<li>Calling <code>Successor(Jack, curOrder)</code> will return Bob, so we append to <code>curOrder</code> to get <code>["king", "Alice", "Jack", "Bob"]</code>.</li>\n\t<li>Calling <code>Successor(Bob, curOrder)</code> will return <code>null</code>. Thus the order of inheritance will be <code>["king", "Alice", "Jack", "Bob"]</code>.</li>\n</ol>\n\n<p>Using the above function, we can always obtain a unique order of inheritance.</p>\n\n<p>Implement the <code>ThroneInheritance</code> class:</p>\n\n<ul>\n\t<li><code>ThroneInheritance(string kingName)</code> Initializes an object of the <code>ThroneInheritance</code> class. The name of the king is given as part of the constructor.</li>\n\t<li><code>void birth(string parentName, string childName)</code> Indicates that <code>parentName</code> gave birth to <code>childName</code>.</li>\n\t<li><code>void death(string name)</code> Indicates the death of <code>name</code>. The death of the person doesn't affect the <code>Successor</code> function nor the current inheritance order. You can treat it as just marking the person as dead.</li>\n\t<li><code>string[] getInheritanceOrder()</code> Returns a list representing the current order of inheritance <strong>excluding</strong> dead people.</li>\n</ul>\n\n<p> </p>\n<p><strong class=\"example\">Example 1:</strong></p>\n\n<pre>\n<strong>Input</strong>\n["ThroneInheritance", "birth", "birth", "birth", "birth", "birth", "birth", "getInheritanceOrder", "death", "getInheritanceOrder"]\n[["king"], ["king", "andy"], ["king", "bob"], ["king", "catherine"], ["andy", "matthew"], ["bob", "alex"], ["bob", "asha"], [null], ["bob"], [null]]\n<strong>Output</strong>\n[null, null, null, null, null, null, null, ["king", "andy", "matthew", "bob", "alex", "asha", "catherine"], null, ["king", "andy", "matthew", "alex", "asha", "catherine"]]\n\n<strong>Explanation</strong>\nThroneInheritance t= new ThroneInheritance("king"); // order: <strong>king</strong>\nt.birth("king", "andy"); // order: king > <strong>andy</strong>\nt.birth("king", "bob"); // order: king > andy > <strong>bob</strong>\nt.birth("king", "catherine"); // order: king > andy > bob > <strong>catherine</strong>\nt.birth("andy", "matthew"); // order: king > andy > <strong>matthew</strong> > bob > catherine\nt.birth("bob", "alex"); // order: king > andy > matthew > bob > <strong>alex</strong> > catherine\nt.birth("bob", "asha"); // order: king > andy > matthew > bob > alex > <strong>asha</strong> > catherine\nt.getInheritanceOrder(); // return ["king", "andy", "matthew", "bob", "alex", "asha", "catherine"]\nt.death("bob"); // order: king > andy > matthew > <strong><s>bob</s></strong> > alex > asha > catherine\nt.getInheritanceOrder(); // return ["king", "andy", "matthew", "alex", "asha", "catherine"]\n</pre>\n\n<p> </p>\n<p><strong>Constraints:</strong></p>\n\n<ul>\n\t<li><code>1 <= kingName.length, parentName.length, childName.length, name.length <= 15</code></li>\n\t<li><code>kingName</code>, <code>parentName</code>, <code>childName</code>, and <code>name</code> consist of lowercase English letters only.</li>\n\t<li>All arguments <code>childName</code> and <code>kingName</code> are <strong>distinct</strong>.</li>\n\t<li>All <code>name</code> arguments of <code>death</code> will be passed to either the constructor or as <code>childName</code> to <code>birth</code> first.</li>\n\t<li>For each call to <code>birth(parentName, childName)</code>, it is guaranteed that <code>parentName</code> is alive.</li>\n\t<li>At most <code>10<sup>5</sup></code> calls will be made to <code>birth</code> and <code>death</code>.</li>\n\t<li>At most <code>10</code> calls will be made to <code>getInheritanceOrder</code>.</li>\n</ul>\n",
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"translatedTitle": null,
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"difficulty": "Medium",
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"likes": 254,
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"similarQuestions": "[{\"title\": \"Operations on Tree\", \"titleSlug\": \"operations-on-tree\", \"difficulty\": \"Medium\", \"translatedTitle\": null}]",
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"exampleTestcases": "[\"ThroneInheritance\",\"birth\",\"birth\",\"birth\",\"birth\",\"birth\",\"birth\",\"getInheritanceOrder\",\"death\",\"getInheritanceOrder\"]\n[[\"king\"],[\"king\",\"andy\"],[\"king\",\"bob\"],[\"king\",\"catherine\"],[\"andy\",\"matthew\"],[\"bob\",\"alex\"],[\"bob\",\"asha\"],[null],[\"bob\"],[null]]",
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"categoryTitle": "Algorithms",
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"contributors": [],
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"topicTags": [
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{
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"name": "Hash Table",
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"slug": "hash-table",
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"translatedName": null,
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"__typename": "TopicTagNode"
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},
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{
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"name": "Tree",
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"slug": "tree",
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"translatedName": null,
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"__typename": "TopicTagNode"
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},
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{
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"name": "Depth-First Search",
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"slug": "depth-first-search",
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{
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"name": "Design",
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"codeSnippets": [
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{
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"lang": "C++",
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"langSlug": "cpp",
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"code": "class ThroneInheritance {\npublic:\n ThroneInheritance(string kingName) {\n \n }\n \n void birth(string parentName, string childName) {\n \n }\n \n void death(string name) {\n \n }\n \n vector<string> getInheritanceOrder() {\n \n }\n};\n\n/**\n * Your ThroneInheritance object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * ThroneInheritance* obj = new ThroneInheritance(kingName);\n * obj->birth(parentName,childName);\n * obj->death(name);\n * vector<string> param_3 = obj->getInheritanceOrder();\n */",
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"__typename": "CodeSnippetNode"
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},
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{
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"lang": "Java",
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"langSlug": "java",
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"code": "class ThroneInheritance {\n\n public ThroneInheritance(String kingName) {\n \n }\n \n public void birth(String parentName, String childName) {\n \n }\n \n public void death(String name) {\n \n }\n \n public List<String> getInheritanceOrder() {\n \n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your ThroneInheritance object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * ThroneInheritance obj = new ThroneInheritance(kingName);\n * obj.birth(parentName,childName);\n * obj.death(name);\n * List<String> param_3 = obj.getInheritanceOrder();\n */",
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"__typename": "CodeSnippetNode"
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},
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{
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"lang": "Python",
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"langSlug": "python",
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"code": "class ThroneInheritance(object):\n\n def __init__(self, kingName):\n \"\"\"\n :type kingName: str\n \"\"\"\n \n\n def birth(self, parentName, childName):\n \"\"\"\n :type parentName: str\n :type childName: str\n :rtype: None\n \"\"\"\n \n\n def death(self, name):\n \"\"\"\n :type name: str\n :rtype: None\n \"\"\"\n \n\n def getInheritanceOrder(self):\n \"\"\"\n :rtype: List[str]\n \"\"\"\n \n\n\n# Your ThroneInheritance object will be instantiated and called as such:\n# obj = ThroneInheritance(kingName)\n# obj.birth(parentName,childName)\n# obj.death(name)\n# param_3 = obj.getInheritanceOrder()",
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"__typename": "CodeSnippetNode"
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},
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{
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"lang": "Python3",
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"langSlug": "python3",
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"code": "class ThroneInheritance:\n\n def __init__(self, kingName: str):\n \n\n def birth(self, parentName: str, childName: str) -> None:\n \n\n def death(self, name: str) -> None:\n \n\n def getInheritanceOrder(self) -> List[str]:\n \n\n\n# Your ThroneInheritance object will be instantiated and called as such:\n# obj = ThroneInheritance(kingName)\n# obj.birth(parentName,childName)\n# obj.death(name)\n# param_3 = obj.getInheritanceOrder()",
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"__typename": "CodeSnippetNode"
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},
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{
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"lang": "C",
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"langSlug": "c",
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"code": "\n\n\ntypedef struct {\n \n} ThroneInheritance;\n\n\nThroneInheritance* throneInheritanceCreate(char* kingName) {\n \n}\n\nvoid throneInheritanceBirth(ThroneInheritance* obj, char* parentName, char* childName) {\n \n}\n\nvoid throneInheritanceDeath(ThroneInheritance* obj, char* name) {\n \n}\n\nchar** throneInheritanceGetInheritanceOrder(ThroneInheritance* obj, int* retSize) {\n \n}\n\nvoid throneInheritanceFree(ThroneInheritance* obj) {\n \n}\n\n/**\n * Your ThroneInheritance struct will be instantiated and called as such:\n * ThroneInheritance* obj = throneInheritanceCreate(kingName);\n * throneInheritanceBirth(obj, parentName, childName);\n \n * throneInheritanceDeath(obj, name);\n \n * char** param_3 = throneInheritanceGetInheritanceOrder(obj, retSize);\n \n * throneInheritanceFree(obj);\n*/",
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"__typename": "CodeSnippetNode"
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},
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{
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"lang": "C#",
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"langSlug": "csharp",
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"code": "public class ThroneInheritance {\n\n public ThroneInheritance(string kingName) {\n \n }\n \n public void Birth(string parentName, string childName) {\n \n }\n \n public void Death(string name) {\n \n }\n \n public IList<string> GetInheritanceOrder() {\n \n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your ThroneInheritance object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * ThroneInheritance obj = new ThroneInheritance(kingName);\n * obj.Birth(parentName,childName);\n * obj.Death(name);\n * IList<string> param_3 = obj.GetInheritanceOrder();\n */",
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"__typename": "CodeSnippetNode"
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},
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{
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"lang": "JavaScript",
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"langSlug": "javascript",
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"code": "/**\n * @param {string} kingName\n */\nvar ThroneInheritance = function(kingName) {\n \n};\n\n/** \n * @param {string} parentName \n * @param {string} childName\n * @return {void}\n */\nThroneInheritance.prototype.birth = function(parentName, childName) {\n \n};\n\n/** \n * @param {string} name\n * @return {void}\n */\nThroneInheritance.prototype.death = function(name) {\n \n};\n\n/**\n * @return {string[]}\n */\nThroneInheritance.prototype.getInheritanceOrder = function() {\n \n};\n\n/** \n * Your ThroneInheritance object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * var obj = new ThroneInheritance(kingName)\n * obj.birth(parentName,childName)\n * obj.death(name)\n * var param_3 = obj.getInheritanceOrder()\n */",
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"__typename": "CodeSnippetNode"
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},
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{
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"lang": "TypeScript",
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"langSlug": "typescript",
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"code": "class ThroneInheritance {\n constructor(kingName: string) {\n \n }\n\n birth(parentName: string, childName: string): void {\n \n }\n\n death(name: string): void {\n \n }\n\n getInheritanceOrder(): string[] {\n \n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your ThroneInheritance object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * var obj = new ThroneInheritance(kingName)\n * obj.birth(parentName,childName)\n * obj.death(name)\n * var param_3 = obj.getInheritanceOrder()\n */",
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"__typename": "CodeSnippetNode"
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},
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{
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"lang": "PHP",
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"langSlug": "php",
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"code": "class ThroneInheritance {\n /**\n * @param String $kingName\n */\n function __construct($kingName) {\n \n }\n \n /**\n * @param String $parentName\n * @param String $childName\n * @return NULL\n */\n function birth($parentName, $childName) {\n \n }\n \n /**\n * @param String $name\n * @return NULL\n */\n function death($name) {\n \n }\n \n /**\n * @return String[]\n */\n function getInheritanceOrder() {\n \n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your ThroneInheritance object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * $obj = ThroneInheritance($kingName);\n * $obj->birth($parentName, $childName);\n * $obj->death($name);\n * $ret_3 = $obj->getInheritanceOrder();\n */",
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"__typename": "CodeSnippetNode"
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},
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{
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"lang": "Swift",
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"langSlug": "swift",
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"code": "\nclass ThroneInheritance {\n\n init(_ kingName: String) {\n \n }\n \n func birth(_ parentName: String, _ childName: String) {\n \n }\n \n func death(_ name: String) {\n \n }\n \n func getInheritanceOrder() -> [String] {\n \n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your ThroneInheritance object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * let obj = ThroneInheritance(kingName)\n * obj.birth(parentName, childName)\n * obj.death(name)\n * let ret_3: [String] = obj.getInheritanceOrder()\n */",
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"__typename": "CodeSnippetNode"
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},
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{
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"lang": "Kotlin",
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"langSlug": "kotlin",
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"code": "class ThroneInheritance(kingName: String) {\n\n fun birth(parentName: String, childName: String) {\n \n }\n\n fun death(name: String) {\n \n }\n\n fun getInheritanceOrder(): List<String> {\n \n }\n\n}\n\n/**\n * Your ThroneInheritance object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * var obj = ThroneInheritance(kingName)\n * obj.birth(parentName,childName)\n * obj.death(name)\n * var param_3 = obj.getInheritanceOrder()\n */",
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"__typename": "CodeSnippetNode"
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},
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{
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"lang": "Dart",
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"langSlug": "dart",
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"code": "class ThroneInheritance {\n\n ThroneInheritance(String kingName) {\n \n }\n \n void birth(String parentName, String childName) {\n \n }\n \n void death(String name) {\n \n }\n \n List<String> getInheritanceOrder() {\n \n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your ThroneInheritance object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * ThroneInheritance obj = ThroneInheritance(kingName);\n * obj.birth(parentName,childName);\n * obj.death(name);\n * List<String> param3 = obj.getInheritanceOrder();\n */",
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"__typename": "CodeSnippetNode"
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},
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{
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"lang": "Go",
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"langSlug": "golang",
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"code": "type ThroneInheritance struct {\n \n}\n\n\nfunc Constructor(kingName string) ThroneInheritance {\n \n}\n\n\nfunc (this *ThroneInheritance) Birth(parentName string, childName string) {\n \n}\n\n\nfunc (this *ThroneInheritance) Death(name string) {\n \n}\n\n\nfunc (this *ThroneInheritance) GetInheritanceOrder() []string {\n \n}\n\n\n/**\n * Your ThroneInheritance object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * obj := Constructor(kingName);\n * obj.Birth(parentName,childName);\n * obj.Death(name);\n * param_3 := obj.GetInheritanceOrder();\n */",
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"__typename": "CodeSnippetNode"
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},
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{
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"lang": "Ruby",
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"langSlug": "ruby",
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"code": "class ThroneInheritance\n\n=begin\n :type king_name: String\n=end\n def initialize(king_name)\n \n end\n\n\n=begin\n :type parent_name: String\n :type child_name: String\n :rtype: Void\n=end\n def birth(parent_name, child_name)\n \n end\n\n\n=begin\n :type name: String\n :rtype: Void\n=end\n def death(name)\n \n end\n\n\n=begin\n :rtype: String[]\n=end\n def get_inheritance_order()\n \n end\n\n\nend\n\n# Your ThroneInheritance object will be instantiated and called as such:\n# obj = ThroneInheritance.new(king_name)\n# obj.birth(parent_name, child_name)\n# obj.death(name)\n# param_3 = obj.get_inheritance_order()",
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"__typename": "CodeSnippetNode"
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},
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{
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"lang": "Scala",
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"langSlug": "scala",
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"code": "class ThroneInheritance(_kingName: String) {\n\n def birth(parentName: String, childName: String) {\n \n }\n\n def death(name: String) {\n \n }\n\n def getInheritanceOrder(): List[String] = {\n \n }\n\n}\n\n/**\n * Your ThroneInheritance object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * var obj = new ThroneInheritance(kingName)\n * obj.birth(parentName,childName)\n * obj.death(name)\n * var param_3 = obj.getInheritanceOrder()\n */",
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"__typename": "CodeSnippetNode"
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},
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{
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"lang": "Rust",
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"langSlug": "rust",
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"code": "struct ThroneInheritance {\n\n}\n\n\n/** \n * `&self` means the method takes an immutable reference.\n * If you need a mutable reference, change it to `&mut self` instead.\n */\nimpl ThroneInheritance {\n\n fn new(kingName: String) -> Self {\n \n }\n \n fn birth(&self, parent_name: String, child_name: String) {\n \n }\n \n fn death(&self, name: String) {\n \n }\n \n fn get_inheritance_order(&self) -> Vec<String> {\n \n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your ThroneInheritance object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * let obj = ThroneInheritance::new(kingName);\n * obj.birth(parentName, childName);\n * obj.death(name);\n * let ret_3: Vec<String> = obj.get_inheritance_order();\n */",
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"__typename": "CodeSnippetNode"
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},
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{
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"lang": "Racket",
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"langSlug": "racket",
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"code": "(define throne-inheritance%\n (class object%\n (super-new)\n \n ; king-name : string?\n (init-field\n king-name)\n \n ; birth : string? string? -> void?\n (define/public (birth parent-name child-name)\n )\n ; death : string? -> void?\n (define/public (death name)\n )\n ; get-inheritance-order : -> (listof string?)\n (define/public (get-inheritance-order)\n )))\n\n;; Your throne-inheritance% object will be instantiated and called as such:\n;; (define obj (new throne-inheritance% [king-name king-name]))\n;; (send obj birth parent-name child-name)\n;; (send obj death name)\n;; (define param_3 (send obj get-inheritance-order))",
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"__typename": "CodeSnippetNode"
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},
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{
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"lang": "Erlang",
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"langSlug": "erlang",
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"code": "-spec throne_inheritance_init_(KingName :: unicode:unicode_binary()) -> any().\nthrone_inheritance_init_(KingName) ->\n .\n\n-spec throne_inheritance_birth(ParentName :: unicode:unicode_binary(), ChildName :: unicode:unicode_binary()) -> any().\nthrone_inheritance_birth(ParentName, ChildName) ->\n .\n\n-spec throne_inheritance_death(Name :: unicode:unicode_binary()) -> any().\nthrone_inheritance_death(Name) ->\n .\n\n-spec throne_inheritance_get_inheritance_order() -> [unicode:unicode_binary()].\nthrone_inheritance_get_inheritance_order() ->\n .\n\n\n%% Your functions will be called as such:\n%% throne_inheritance_init_(KingName),\n%% throne_inheritance_birth(ParentName, ChildName),\n%% throne_inheritance_death(Name),\n%% Param_3 = throne_inheritance_get_inheritance_order(),\n\n%% throne_inheritance_init_ will be called before every test case, in which you can do some necessary initializations.",
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"__typename": "CodeSnippetNode"
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},
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{
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"lang": "Elixir",
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"langSlug": "elixir",
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"code": "defmodule ThroneInheritance do\n @spec init_(king_name :: String.t) :: any\n def init_(king_name) do\n \n end\n\n @spec birth(parent_name :: String.t, child_name :: String.t) :: any\n def birth(parent_name, child_name) do\n \n end\n\n @spec death(name :: String.t) :: any\n def death(name) do\n \n end\n\n @spec get_inheritance_order() :: [String.t]\n def get_inheritance_order() do\n \n end\nend\n\n# Your functions will be called as such:\n# ThroneInheritance.init_(king_name)\n# ThroneInheritance.birth(parent_name, child_name)\n# ThroneInheritance.death(name)\n# param_3 = ThroneInheritance.get_inheritance_order()\n\n# ThroneInheritance.init_ will be called before every test case, in which you can do some necessary initializations.",
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"__typename": "CodeSnippetNode"
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}
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],
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"stats": "{\"totalAccepted\": \"15.4K\", \"totalSubmission\": \"24K\", \"totalAcceptedRaw\": 15374, \"totalSubmissionRaw\": 23994, \"acRate\": \"64.1%\"}",
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"hints": [
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"Create a tree structure of the family.",
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"Without deaths, the order of inheritance is simply a pre-order traversal of the tree.",
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"Mark the dead family members tree nodes and don't include them in the final order."
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],
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"solution": null,
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"status": null,
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"sampleTestCase": "[\"ThroneInheritance\",\"birth\",\"birth\",\"birth\",\"birth\",\"birth\",\"birth\",\"getInheritanceOrder\",\"death\",\"getInheritanceOrder\"]\n[[\"king\"],[\"king\",\"andy\"],[\"king\",\"bob\"],[\"king\",\"catherine\"],[\"andy\",\"matthew\"],[\"bob\",\"alex\"],[\"bob\",\"asha\"],[null],[\"bob\"],[null]]",
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