mirror of
https://gitee.com/coder-xiaomo/leetcode-problemset
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160 lines
20 KiB
JSON
160 lines
20 KiB
JSON
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"questionId": "138",
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"title": "Copy List with Random Pointer",
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"titleSlug": "copy-list-with-random-pointer",
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"content": "<p>A linked list of length <code>n</code> is given such that each node contains an additional random pointer, which could point to any node in the list, or <code>null</code>.</p>\n\n<p>Construct a <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object_copying#Deep_copy\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>deep copy</strong></a> of the list. The deep copy should consist of exactly <code>n</code> <strong>brand new</strong> nodes, where each new node has its value set to the value of its corresponding original node. Both the <code>next</code> and <code>random</code> pointer of the new nodes should point to new nodes in the copied list such that the pointers in the original list and copied list represent the same list state. <strong>None of the pointers in the new list should point to nodes in the original list</strong>.</p>\n\n<p>For example, if there are two nodes <code>X</code> and <code>Y</code> in the original list, where <code>X.random --> Y</code>, then for the corresponding two nodes <code>x</code> and <code>y</code> in the copied list, <code>x.random --> y</code>.</p>\n\n<p>Return <em>the head of the copied linked list</em>.</p>\n\n<p>The linked list is represented in the input/output as a list of <code>n</code> nodes. Each node is represented as a pair of <code>[val, random_index]</code> where:</p>\n\n<ul>\n\t<li><code>val</code>: an integer representing <code>Node.val</code></li>\n\t<li><code>random_index</code>: the index of the node (range from <code>0</code> to <code>n-1</code>) that the <code>random</code> pointer points to, or <code>null</code> if it does not point to any node.</li>\n</ul>\n\n<p>Your code will <strong>only</strong> be given the <code>head</code> of the original linked list.</p>\n\n<p> </p>\n<p><strong>Example 1:</strong></p>\n<img alt=\"\" src=\"https://assets.leetcode.com/uploads/2019/12/18/e1.png\" style=\"width: 700px; height: 142px;\" />\n<pre>\n<strong>Input:</strong> head = [[7,null],[13,0],[11,4],[10,2],[1,0]]\n<strong>Output:</strong> [[7,null],[13,0],[11,4],[10,2],[1,0]]\n</pre>\n\n<p><strong>Example 2:</strong></p>\n<img alt=\"\" src=\"https://assets.leetcode.com/uploads/2019/12/18/e2.png\" style=\"width: 700px; height: 114px;\" />\n<pre>\n<strong>Input:</strong> head = [[1,1],[2,1]]\n<strong>Output:</strong> [[1,1],[2,1]]\n</pre>\n\n<p><strong>Example 3:</strong></p>\n\n<p><strong><img alt=\"\" src=\"https://assets.leetcode.com/uploads/2019/12/18/e3.png\" style=\"width: 700px; height: 122px;\" /></strong></p>\n\n<pre>\n<strong>Input:</strong> head = [[3,null],[3,0],[3,null]]\n<strong>Output:</strong> [[3,null],[3,0],[3,null]]\n</pre>\n\n<p> </p>\n<p><strong>Constraints:</strong></p>\n\n<ul>\n\t<li><code>0 <= n <= 1000</code></li>\n\t<li><code>-10<sup>4</sup> <= Node.val <= 10<sup>4</sup></code></li>\n\t<li><code>Node.random</code> is <code>null</code> or is pointing to some node in the linked list.</li>\n</ul>\n",
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"exampleTestcases": "[[7,null],[13,0],[11,4],[10,2],[1,0]]\n[[1,1],[2,1]]\n[[3,null],[3,0],[3,null]]",
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"categoryTitle": "Algorithms",
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"code": "/**\n * // Definition for a Node.\n * function Node(val, next, random) {\n * this.val = val;\n * this.next = next;\n * this.random = random;\n * };\n */\n\n/**\n * @param {Node} head\n * @return {Node}\n */\nvar copyRandomList = function(head) {\n \n};",
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"code": "# Definition for Node.\n# class Node\n# attr_accessor :val, :next, :random\n# def initialize(val = 0)\n# @val = val\n#\t\t @next = nil\n#\t\t @random = nil\n# end\n# end\n\n# @param {Node} node\n# @return {Node}\ndef copyRandomList(head)\n \nend",
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"code": "/**\n * Definition for a Node.\n * public class Node {\n * public var val: Int\n * public var next: Node?\n * public var random: Node?\n * public init(_ val: Int) {\n * self.val = val\n * self.next = nil\n * \t self.random = nil\n * }\n * }\n */\n\nclass Solution {\n func copyRandomList(_ head: Node?) -> Node? {\n \n }\n}",
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"code": "/**\n * Definition for a Node.\n * type Node struct {\n * Val int\n * Next *Node\n * Random *Node\n * }\n */\n\nfunc copyRandomList(head *Node) *Node {\n \n}",
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"code": "/**\n * Definition for Node.\n * class Node {\n * val: number\n * next: Node | null\n * random: Node | null\n * constructor(val?: number, next?: Node, random?: Node) {\n * this.val = (val===undefined ? 0 : val)\n * this.next = (next===undefined ? null : next)\n * this.random = (random===undefined ? null : random)\n * }\n * }\n */\n\nfunction copyRandomList(head: Node | null): Node | null {\n \n};",
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"Just iterate the linked list and create copies of the nodes on the go. Since a node can be referenced from multiple nodes due to the random pointers, make sure you are not making multiple copies of the same node.",
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"You may want to use extra space to keep <b>old node ---> new node</b> mapping to prevent creating multiples copies of same node.",
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"We can avoid using extra space for old node ---> new node mapping, by tweaking the original linked list. Simply interweave the nodes of the old and copied list. \r\nFor e.g.\r\n<pre>\r\nOld List: A --> B --> C --> D\r\nInterWeaved List: A --> A' --> B --> B' --> C --> C' --> D --> D'\r\n</pre>",
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"The interweaving is done using <b>next</b> pointers and we can make use of interweaved structure to get the correct reference nodes for <b>random</b> pointers."
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