leetcode-problemset/算法题（国外版）/minimum-time-to-type-word-using-special-typewriter.html

<p>There is a special typewriter with lowercase English letters <code>&#39;a&#39;</code> to <code>&#39;z&#39;</code> arranged in a <strong>circle</strong> with a <strong>pointer</strong>. A character can <strong>only</strong> be typed if the pointer is pointing to that character. The pointer is <strong>initially</strong> pointing to the character <code>&#39;a&#39;</code>.</p>
<img alt="" src="https://assets.leetcode.com/uploads/2021/07/31/chart.jpg" style="width: 530px; height: 410px;" />
<p>Each second, you may perform one of the following operations:</p>

<ul>
	<li>Move the pointer one character <strong>counterclockwise</strong> or <strong>clockwise</strong>.</li>
	<li>Type the character the pointer is <strong>currently</strong> on.</li>
</ul>

<p>Given a string <code>word</code>, return the<strong> minimum</strong> number of seconds to type out the characters in <code>word</code>.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Example 1:</strong></p>

<pre>
<strong>Input:</strong> word = &quot;abc&quot;
<strong>Output:</strong> 5
<strong>Explanation: 
</strong>The characters are printed as follows:
- Type the character &#39;a&#39; in 1 second since the pointer is initially on &#39;a&#39;.
- Move the pointer clockwise to &#39;b&#39; in 1 second.
- Type the character &#39;b&#39; in 1 second.
- Move the pointer clockwise to &#39;c&#39; in 1 second.
- Type the character &#39;c&#39; in 1 second.
</pre>

<p><strong>Example 2:</strong></p>

<pre>
<strong>Input:</strong> word = &quot;bza&quot;
<strong>Output:</strong> 7
<strong>Explanation:
</strong>The characters are printed as follows:
- Move the pointer clockwise to &#39;b&#39; in 1 second.
- Type the character &#39;b&#39; in 1 second.
- Move the pointer counterclockwise to &#39;z&#39; in 2 seconds.
- Type the character &#39;z&#39; in 1 second.
- Move the pointer clockwise to &#39;a&#39; in 1 second.
- Type the character &#39;a&#39; in 1 second.
</pre>

<p><strong>Example 3:</strong></p>

<pre>
<strong>Input:</strong> word = &quot;zjpc&quot;
<strong>Output:</strong> 34
<strong>Explanation:</strong>
The characters are printed as follows:
- Move the pointer counterclockwise to &#39;z&#39; in 1 second.
- Type the character &#39;z&#39; in 1 second.
- Move the pointer clockwise to &#39;j&#39; in 10 seconds.
- Type the character &#39;j&#39; in 1 second.
- Move the pointer clockwise to &#39;p&#39; in 6 seconds.
- Type the character &#39;p&#39; in 1 second.
- Move the pointer counterclockwise to &#39;c&#39; in 13 seconds.
- Type the character &#39;c&#39; in 1 second.
</pre>

<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Constraints:</strong></p>

<ul>
	<li><code>1 &lt;= word.length &lt;= 100</code></li>
	<li><code>word</code> consists of lowercase English letters.</li>
</ul>