mirror of
https://gitee.com/coder-xiaomo/leetcode-problemset
synced 2025-01-11 02:58:13 +08:00
172 lines
32 KiB
JSON
172 lines
32 KiB
JSON
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"questionId": "2178",
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"questionFrontendId": "2069",
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"categoryTitle": "Algorithms",
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"boundTopicId": 1095941,
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"title": "Walking Robot Simulation II",
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"titleSlug": "walking-robot-simulation-ii",
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"content": "<p>A <code>width x height</code> grid is on an XY-plane with the <strong>bottom-left</strong> cell at <code>(0, 0)</code> and the <strong>top-right</strong> cell at <code>(width - 1, height - 1)</code>. The grid is aligned with the four cardinal directions (<code>"North"</code>, <code>"East"</code>, <code>"South"</code>, and <code>"West"</code>). A robot is <strong>initially</strong> at cell <code>(0, 0)</code> facing direction <code>"East"</code>.</p>\n\n<p>The robot can be instructed to move for a specific number of <strong>steps</strong>. For each step, it does the following.</p>\n\n<ol>\n\t<li>Attempts to move <strong>forward one</strong> cell in the direction it is facing.</li>\n\t<li>If the cell the robot is <strong>moving to</strong> is <strong>out of bounds</strong>, the robot instead <strong>turns</strong> 90 degrees <strong>counterclockwise</strong> and retries the step.</li>\n</ol>\n\n<p>After the robot finishes moving the number of steps required, it stops and awaits the next instruction.</p>\n\n<p>Implement the <code>Robot</code> class:</p>\n\n<ul>\n\t<li><code>Robot(int width, int height)</code> Initializes the <code>width x height</code> grid with the robot at <code>(0, 0)</code> facing <code>"East"</code>.</li>\n\t<li><code>void step(int num)</code> Instructs the robot to move forward <code>num</code> steps.</li>\n\t<li><code>int[] getPos()</code> Returns the current cell the robot is at, as an array of length 2, <code>[x, y]</code>.</li>\n\t<li><code>String getDir()</code> Returns the current direction of the robot, <code>"North"</code>, <code>"East"</code>, <code>"South"</code>, or <code>"West"</code>.</li>\n</ul>\n\n<p> </p>\n<p><strong>Example 1:</strong></p>\n<img alt=\"example-1\" src=\"https://assets.leetcode.com/uploads/2021/10/09/example-1.png\" style=\"width: 498px; height: 268px;\" />\n<pre>\n<strong>Input</strong>\n["Robot", "move", "move", "getPos", "getDir", "move", "move", "move", "getPos", "getDir"]\n[[6, 3], [2], [2], [], [], [2], [1], [4], [], []]\n<strong>Output</strong>\n[null, null, null, [4, 0], "East", null, null, null, [1, 2], "West"]\n\n<strong>Explanation</strong>\nRobot robot = new Robot(6, 3); // Initialize the grid and the robot at (0, 0) facing East.\nrobot.move(2); // It moves two steps East to (2, 0), and faces East.\nrobot.move(2); // It moves two steps East to (4, 0), and faces East.\nrobot.getPos(); // return [4, 0]\nrobot.getDir(); // return "East"\nrobot.move(2); // It moves one step East to (5, 0), and faces East.\n // Moving the next step East would be out of bounds, so it turns and faces North.\n // Then, it moves one step North to (5, 1), and faces North.\nrobot.move(1); // It moves one step North to (5, 2), and faces <strong>North</strong> (not West).\nrobot.move(4); // Moving the next step North would be out of bounds, so it turns and faces West.\n // Then, it moves four steps West to (1, 2), and faces West.\nrobot.getPos(); // return [1, 2]\nrobot.getDir(); // return "West"\n\n</pre>\n\n<p> </p>\n<p><strong>Constraints:</strong></p>\n\n<ul>\n\t<li><code>2 <= width, height <= 100</code></li>\n\t<li><code>1 <= num <= 10<sup>5</sup></code></li>\n\t<li>At most <code>10<sup>4</sup></code> calls <strong>in total</strong> will be made to <code>step</code>, <code>getPos</code>, and <code>getDir</code>.</li>\n</ul>\n",
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"translatedTitle": "模拟行走机器人 II",
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"translatedContent": "<p>给你一个在 XY 平面上的 <code>width x height</code> 的网格图，<strong>左下角</strong> 的格子为 <code>(0, 0)</code> ，<strong>右上角</strong> 的格子为 <code>(width - 1, height - 1)</code> 。网格图中相邻格子为四个基本方向之一（<code>\"North\"</code>，<code>\"East\"</code>，<code>\"South\"</code> 和 <code>\"West\"</code>）。一个机器人 <strong>初始</strong> 在格子 <code>(0, 0)</code> ，方向为 <code>\"East\"</code> 。</p>\n\n<p>机器人可以根据指令移动指定的 <strong>步数</strong> 。每一步，它可以执行以下操作。</p>\n\n<ol>\n\t<li>沿着当前方向尝试 <strong>往前一步</strong> 。</li>\n\t<li>如果机器人下一步将到达的格子 <strong>超出了边界</strong> ，机器人会 <strong>逆时针</strong> 转 90 度，然后再尝试往前一步。</li>\n</ol>\n\n<p>如果机器人完成了指令要求的移动步数，它将停止移动并等待下一个指令。</p>\n\n<p>请你实现 <code>Robot</code> 类：</p>\n\n<ul>\n\t<li><code>Robot(int width, int height)</code> 初始化一个 <code>width x height</code> 的网格图，机器人初始在 <code>(0, 0)</code> ，方向朝 <code>\"East\"</code> 。</li>\n\t<li><code>void move(int num)</code> 给机器人下达前进 <code>num</code> 步的指令。</li>\n\t<li><code>int[] getPos()</code> 返回机器人当前所处的格子位置，用一个长度为 2 的数组 <code>[x, y]</code> 表示。</li>\n\t<li><code>String getDir()</code> 返回当前机器人的朝向，为 <code>\"North\"</code> ，<code>\"East\"</code> ，<code>\"South\"</code> 或者 <code>\"West\"</code> 。</li>\n</ul>\n\n<p> </p>\n\n<p><strong>示例 1：</strong></p>\n\n<p><img alt=\"example-1\" src=\"https://assets.leetcode.com/uploads/2021/10/09/example-1.png\" style=\"width: 498px; height: 268px;\"></p>\n\n<pre><strong>输入：</strong>\n[\"Robot\", \"move\", \"move\", \"getPos\", \"getDir\", \"move\", \"move\", \"move\", \"getPos\", \"getDir\"]\n[[6, 3], [2], [2], [], [], [2], [1], [4], [], []]\n<strong>输出：</strong>\n[null, null, null, [4, 0], \"East\", null, null, null, [1, 2], \"West\"]\n\n<strong>解释：</strong>\nRobot robot = new Robot(6, 3); // 初始化网格图，机器人在 (0, 0) ，朝东。\nrobot.move(2); // 机器人朝东移动 2 步，到达 (2, 0) ，并朝东。\nrobot.move(2); // 机器人朝东移动 2 步，到达 (4, 0) ，并朝东。\nrobot.getPos(); // 返回 [4, 0]\nrobot.getDir(); // 返回 \"East\"\nrobot.move(2); // 朝东移动 1 步到达 (5, 0) ，并朝东。\n // 下一步继续往东移动将出界，所以逆时针转变方向朝北。\n // 然后，往北移动 1 步到达 (5, 1) ，并朝北。\nrobot.move(1); // 朝北移动 1 步到达 (5, 2) ，并朝 <strong>北</strong> （不是朝西）。\nrobot.move(4); // 下一步继续往北移动将出界，所以逆时针转变方向朝西。\n // 然后，移动 4 步到 (1, 2) ，并朝西。\nrobot.getPos(); // 返回 [1, 2]\nrobot.getDir(); // 返回 \"West\"\n\n</pre>\n\n<p> </p>\n\n<p><strong>提示：</strong></p>\n\n<ul>\n\t<li><code>2 <= width, height <= 100</code></li>\n\t<li><code>1 <= num <= 10<sup>5</sup></code></li>\n\t<li><code>move</code> ，<code>getPos</code> 和 <code>getDir</code> <strong>总共 </strong>调用次数不超过 <code>10<sup>4</sup></code> 次。</li>\n</ul>\n",
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"code": "class Robot {\npublic:\n Robot(int width, int height) {\n\n }\n \n void step(int num) {\n\n }\n \n vector<int> getPos() {\n\n }\n \n string getDir() {\n\n }\n};\n\n/**\n * Your Robot object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * Robot* obj = new Robot(width, height);\n * obj->step(num);\n * vector<int> param_2 = obj->getPos();\n * string param_3 = obj->getDir();\n */",
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"code": "public class Robot {\n\n public Robot(int width, int height) {\n\n }\n \n public void Step(int num) {\n\n }\n \n public int[] GetPos() {\n\n }\n \n public string GetDir() {\n\n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your Robot object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * Robot obj = new Robot(width, height);\n * obj.Step(num);\n * int[] param_2 = obj.GetPos();\n * string param_3 = obj.GetDir();\n */",
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"code": "\nclass Robot {\n\n init(_ width: Int, _ height: Int) {\n\n }\n \n func step(_ num: Int) {\n\n }\n \n func getPos() -> [Int] {\n\n }\n \n func getDir() -> String {\n\n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your Robot object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * let obj = Robot(width, height)\n * obj.step(num)\n * let ret_2: [Int] = obj.getPos()\n * let ret_3: String = obj.getDir()\n */",
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"code": "type Robot struct {\n\n}\n\n\nfunc Constructor(width int, height int) Robot {\n\n}\n\n\nfunc (this *Robot) Step(num int) {\n\n}\n\n\nfunc (this *Robot) GetPos() []int {\n\n}\n\n\nfunc (this *Robot) GetDir() string {\n\n}\n\n\n/**\n * Your Robot object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * obj := Constructor(width, height);\n * obj.Step(num);\n * param_2 := obj.GetPos();\n * param_3 := obj.GetDir();\n */",
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"code": "class Robot(_width: Int, _height: Int) {\n\n def step(num: Int) {\n\n }\n\n def getPos(): Array[Int] = {\n\n }\n\n def getDir(): String = {\n\n }\n\n}\n\n/**\n * Your Robot object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * var obj = new Robot(width, height)\n * obj.step(num)\n * var param_2 = obj.getPos()\n * var param_3 = obj.getDir()\n */",
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"code": "class Robot(width: Int, height: Int) {\n\n fun step(num: Int) {\n\n }\n\n fun getPos(): IntArray {\n\n }\n\n fun getDir(): String {\n\n }\n\n}\n\n/**\n * Your Robot object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * var obj = Robot(width, height)\n * obj.step(num)\n * var param_2 = obj.getPos()\n * var param_3 = obj.getDir()\n */",
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"code": "struct Robot {\n\n}\n\n\n/**\n * `&self` means the method takes an immutable reference.\n * If you need a mutable reference, change it to `&mut self` instead.\n */\nimpl Robot {\n\n fn new(width: i32, height: i32) -> Self {\n\n }\n \n fn step(&self, num: i32) {\n\n }\n \n fn get_pos(&self) -> Vec<i32> {\n\n }\n \n fn get_dir(&self) -> String {\n\n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your Robot object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * let obj = Robot::new(width, height);\n * obj.step(num);\n * let ret_2: Vec<i32> = obj.get_pos();\n * let ret_3: String = obj.get_dir();\n */",
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"code": "class Robot {\n /**\n * @param Integer $width\n * @param Integer $height\n */\n function __construct($width, $height) {\n\n }\n\n /**\n * @param Integer $num\n * @return NULL\n */\n function step($num) {\n\n }\n\n /**\n * @return Integer[]\n */\n function getPos() {\n\n }\n\n /**\n * @return String\n */\n function getDir() {\n\n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your Robot object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * $obj = Robot($width, $height);\n * $obj->step($num);\n * $ret_2 = $obj->getPos();\n * $ret_3 = $obj->getDir();\n */",
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"code": "-spec robot_init_(Width :: integer(), Height :: integer()) -> any().\nrobot_init_(Width, Height) ->\n .\n\n-spec robot_step(Num :: integer()) -> any().\nrobot_step(Num) ->\n .\n\n-spec robot_get_pos() -> [integer()].\nrobot_get_pos() ->\n .\n\n-spec robot_get_dir() -> unicode:unicode_binary().\nrobot_get_dir() ->\n .\n\n\n%% Your functions will be called as such:\n%% robot_init_(Width, Height),\n%% robot_step(Num),\n%% Param_2 = robot_get_pos(),\n%% Param_3 = robot_get_dir(),\n\n%% robot_init_ will be called before every test case, in which you can do some necessary initializations.",
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"code": "defmodule Robot do\n @spec init_(width :: integer, height :: integer) :: any\n def init_(width, height) do\n\n end\n\n @spec step(num :: integer) :: any\n def step(num) do\n\n end\n\n @spec get_pos() :: [integer]\n def get_pos() do\n\n end\n\n @spec get_dir() :: String.t\n def get_dir() do\n\n end\nend\n\n# Your functions will be called as such:\n# Robot.init_(width, height)\n# Robot.step(num)\n# param_2 = Robot.get_pos()\n# param_3 = Robot.get_dir()\n\n# Robot.init_ will be called before every test case, in which you can do some necessary initializations.",
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"The robot only moves along the perimeter of the grid. Can you think if modulus can help you quickly compute which cell it stops at?",
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"After the robot moves one time, whenever the robot stops at some cell, it will always face a specific direction. i.e., The direction it faces is determined by the cell it stops at.",
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"Can you precompute what direction it faces when it stops at each cell along the perimeter, and reuse the results?"
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"sampleTestCase": "[\"Robot\",\"step\",\"step\",\"getPos\",\"getDir\",\"step\",\"step\",\"step\",\"getPos\",\"getDir\"]\n[[6,3],[2],[2],[],[],[2],[1],[4],[],[]]",
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"metaData": "{\n \"classname\": \"Robot\",\n \"constructor\": {\n \"params\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"integer\",\n \"name\": \"width\"\n },\n {\n \"name\": \"height\",\n \"type\": \"integer\"\n }\n ]\n },\n \"methods\": [\n {\n \"params\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"integer\",\n \"name\": \"num\"\n }\n ],\n \"name\": \"step\",\n \"return\": {\n \"type\": \"void\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"params\": [],\n \"name\": \"getPos\",\n \"return\": {\n \"type\": \"integer[]\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"params\": [],\n \"name\": \"getDir\",\n \"return\": {\n \"type\": \"string\"\n }\n }\n ],\n \"return\": {\n \"type\": \"boolean\"\n },\n \"systemdesign\": true\n}",
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"judgerAvailable": true,
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"judgeType": "large",
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"mysqlSchemas": [],
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"enableRunCode": true,
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"book": null,
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"editorType": "CKEDITOR",
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"style": "LEETCODE",
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"exampleTestcases": "[\"Robot\",\"step\",\"step\",\"getPos\",\"getDir\",\"step\",\"step\",\"step\",\"getPos\",\"getDir\"]\n[[6,3],[2],[2],[],[],[2],[1],[4],[],[]]",
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||
"__typename": "QuestionNode"
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}
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}
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} |