mirror of
https://gitee.com/coder-xiaomo/leetcode-problemset
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197 lines
27 KiB
JSON
197 lines
27 KiB
JSON
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"title": "Minimum Deletions to Make String K-Special",
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"content": "<p>You are given a string <code>word</code> and an integer <code>k</code>.</p>\n\n<p>We consider <code>word</code> to be <strong>k-special</strong> if <code>|freq(word[i]) - freq(word[j])| <= k</code> for all indices <code>i</code> and <code>j</code> in the string.</p>\n\n<p>Here, <code>freq(x)</code> denotes the <span data-keyword=\"frequency-letter\">frequency</span> of the character <code>x</code> in <code>word</code>, and <code>|y|</code> denotes the absolute value of <code>y</code>.</p>\n\n<p>Return <em>the <strong>minimum</strong> number of characters you need to delete to make</em> <code>word</code> <strong><em>k-special</em></strong>.</p>\n\n<p> </p>\n<p><strong class=\"example\">Example 1:</strong></p>\n\n<div class=\"example-block\" style=\"border-color: var(--border-tertiary); border-left-width: 2px; color: var(--text-secondary); font-size: .875rem; margin-bottom: 1rem; margin-top: 1rem; overflow: visible; padding-left: 1rem;\">\n<p><strong>Input: </strong><span class=\"example-io\" style=\"font-family: Menlo,sans-serif; font-size: 0.85rem;\">word = "aabcaba", k = 0</span></p>\n\n<p><strong>Output: </strong><span class=\"example-io\" style=\"font-family: Menlo,sans-serif; font-size: 0.85rem;\">3</span></p>\n\n<p><strong>Explanation:</strong> We can make <code>word</code> <code>0</code>-special by deleting <code>2</code> occurrences of <code>"a"</code> and <code>1</code> occurrence of <code>"c"</code>. Therefore, <code>word</code> becomes equal to <code>"baba"</code> where <code>freq('a') == freq('b') == 2</code>.</p>\n</div>\n\n<p><strong class=\"example\">Example 2:</strong></p>\n\n<div class=\"example-block\" style=\"border-color: var(--border-tertiary); border-left-width: 2px; color: var(--text-secondary); font-size: .875rem; margin-bottom: 1rem; margin-top: 1rem; overflow: visible; padding-left: 1rem;\">\n<p><strong>Input: </strong><span class=\"example-io\" style=\"font-family: Menlo,sans-serif; font-size: 0.85rem;\">word = "dabdcbdcdcd", k = 2</span></p>\n\n<p><strong>Output: </strong><span class=\"example-io\" style=\"font-family: Menlo,sans-serif; font-size: 0.85rem;\">2</span></p>\n\n<p><strong>Explanation:</strong> We can make <code>word</code> <code>2</code>-special by deleting <code>1</code> occurrence of <code>"a"</code> and <code>1</code> occurrence of <code>"d"</code>. Therefore, <code>word</code> becomes equal to "bdcbdcdcd" where <code>freq('b') == 2</code>, <code>freq('c') == 3</code>, and <code>freq('d') == 4</code>.</p>\n</div>\n\n<p><strong class=\"example\">Example 3:</strong></p>\n\n<div class=\"example-block\" style=\"border-color: var(--border-tertiary); border-left-width: 2px; color: var(--text-secondary); font-size: .875rem; margin-bottom: 1rem; margin-top: 1rem; overflow: visible; padding-left: 1rem;\">\n<p><strong>Input: </strong><span class=\"example-io\" style=\"font-family: Menlo,sans-serif; font-size: 0.85rem;\">word = "aaabaaa", k = 2</span></p>\n\n<p><strong>Output: </strong><span class=\"example-io\" style=\"font-family: Menlo,sans-serif; font-size: 0.85rem;\">1</span></p>\n\n<p><strong>Explanation:</strong> We can make <code>word</code> <code>2</code>-special by deleting <code>1</code> occurrence of <code>"b"</code>. Therefore, <code>word</code> becomes equal to <code>"aaaaaa"</code> where each letter's frequency is now uniformly <code>6</code>.</p>\n</div>\n\n<p> </p>\n<p><strong>Constraints:</strong></p>\n\n<ul>\n\t<li><code>1 <= word.length <= 10<sup>5</sup></code></li>\n\t<li><code>0 <= k <= 10<sup>5</sup></code></li>\n\t<li><code>word</code> consists only of lowercase English letters.</li>\n</ul>\n",
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"translatedTitle": "成为 K 特殊字符串需要删除的最少字符数",
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"translatedContent": "<p>给你一个字符串 <code>word</code> 和一个整数 <code>k</code>。</p>\n\n<p>如果 <code>|freq(word[i]) - freq(word[j])| <= k</code> 对于字符串中所有下标 <code>i</code> 和 <code>j</code> 都成立，则认为 <code>word</code> 是 <strong>k 特殊字符串</strong>。</p>\n\n<p>此处，<code>freq(x)</code> 表示字符 <code>x</code> 在 <code>word</code> 中的<span data-keyword=\"frequency-letter\">出现频率</span>，而 <code>|y|</code> 表示 <code>y</code> 的绝对值。</p>\n\n<p>返回使 <code>word</code> 成为 <strong>k 特殊字符串</strong> 需要删除的字符的最小数量。</p>\n\n<p> </p>\n\n<p><strong class=\"example\">示例 1：</strong></p>\n\n<div class=\"example-block\" style=\"border-color: var(--border-tertiary); border-left-width: 2px; color: var(--text-secondary); font-size: .875rem; margin-bottom: 1rem; margin-top: 1rem; overflow: visible; padding-left: 1rem;\">\n<p><strong>输入：</strong><span class=\"example-io\" style=\"font-family: Menlo,sans-serif; font-size: 0.85rem;\">word = \"aabcaba\", k = 0</span></p>\n\n<p><strong>输出：</strong><span class=\"example-io\" style=\"font-family: Menlo,sans-serif; font-size: 0.85rem;\">3</span></p>\n\n<p><strong>解释：</strong>可以删除 <code>2</code> 个 <code>\"a\"</code> 和 <code>1</code> 个 <code>\"c\"</code> 使 <code>word</code> 成为 <code>0</code> 特殊字符串。<code>word</code> 变为 <code>\"baba\"</code>，此时 <code>freq('a') == freq('b') == 2</code>。</p>\n</div>\n\n<p><strong class=\"example\">示例 2：</strong></p>\n\n<div class=\"example-block\" style=\"border-color: var(--border-tertiary); border-left-width: 2px; color: var(--text-secondary); font-size: .875rem; margin-bottom: 1rem; margin-top: 1rem; overflow: visible; padding-left: 1rem;\">\n<p><strong>输入：</strong><span class=\"example-io\" style=\"font-family: Menlo,sans-serif; font-size: 0.85rem;\">word = \"dabdcbdcdcd\", k = 2</span></p>\n\n<p><strong>输出：</strong><span class=\"example-io\" style=\"font-family: Menlo,sans-serif; font-size: 0.85rem;\">2</span></p>\n\n<p><strong>解释：</strong>可以删除 <code>1</code> 个 <code>\"a\"</code> 和 <code>1</code> 个 <code>\"d\"</code> 使 <code>word</code> 成为 <code>2</code> 特殊字符串。<code>word</code> 变为 <code>\"bdcbdcdcd\"</code>，此时 <code>freq('b') == 2</code>，<code>freq('c') == 3</code>，<code>freq('d') == 4</code>。</p>\n</div>\n\n<p><strong class=\"example\">示例 3：</strong></p>\n\n<div class=\"example-block\" style=\"border-color: var(--border-tertiary); border-left-width: 2px; color: var(--text-secondary); font-size: .875rem; margin-bottom: 1rem; margin-top: 1rem; overflow: visible; padding-left: 1rem;\">\n<p><strong>输入：</strong><span class=\"example-io\" style=\"font-family: Menlo,sans-serif; font-size: 0.85rem;\">word = \"aaabaaa\", k = 2</span></p>\n\n<p><strong>输出：</strong><span class=\"example-io\" style=\"font-family: Menlo,sans-serif; font-size: 0.85rem;\">1</span></p>\n\n<p><strong>解释：</strong>可以删除<strong> </strong>1 个 <code>\"b\"</code> 使 <code>word</code> 成为 <code>2</code>特殊字符串。因此，<code>word</code> 变为 <code>\"aaaaaa\"</code>，此时每个字母的频率都是 <code>6</code>。</p>\n</div>\n\n<p> </p>\n\n<p><strong>提示：</strong></p>\n\n<ul>\n\t<li><code>1 <= word.length <= 10<sup>5</sup></code></li>\n\t<li><code>0 <= k <= 10<sup>5</sup></code></li>\n\t<li><code>word</code> 仅由小写英文字母组成。</li>\n</ul>\n",
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"Count the frequency of each letter.",
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"Suppose we select several characters as the final answer, and let <code>x</code> be the character with the smallest frequency in the answer. It can be shown that out of the selected characters, the optimal solution will never delete an occurrence of character <code>x</code> to obtain the answer.",
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"We will fix a character <code>c</code> and assume that it will be the character with the smallest frequency in the answer. Suppose its frequency is <code>x</code>.",
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"Then, for every other character, we will count the number of occurrences that will be deleted. Suppose that the current character has <code>y</code> occurrences. <ol> <li>If y < x, we need to delete all of them.</li> <li> if y > x + k, we should delete y - x - k of such character.</li> <li> Otherwise we don’t need to delete it.</li></ol>"
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