leetcode-problemset/leetcode-cn/originData/peeking-iterator.json

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    "data": {
        "question": {
            "questionId": "284",
            "questionFrontendId": "284",
            "categoryTitle": "Algorithms",
            "boundTopicId": 1880,
            "title": "Peeking Iterator",
            "titleSlug": "peeking-iterator",
            "content": "<p>Design an iterator that supports the <code>peek</code> operation on an existing iterator in addition to the <code>hasNext</code> and the <code>next</code> operations.</p>\n\n<p>Implement the <code>PeekingIterator</code> class:</p>\n\n<ul>\n\t<li><code>PeekingIterator(Iterator&lt;int&gt; nums)</code> Initializes the object with the given integer iterator <code>iterator</code>.</li>\n\t<li><code>int next()</code> Returns the next element in the array and moves the pointer to the next element.</li>\n\t<li><code>boolean hasNext()</code> Returns <code>true</code> if there are still elements in the array.</li>\n\t<li><code>int peek()</code> Returns the next element in the array <strong>without</strong> moving the pointer.</li>\n</ul>\n\n<p><strong>Note:</strong> Each language may have a different implementation of the constructor and <code>Iterator</code>, but they all support the <code>int next()</code> and <code>boolean hasNext()</code> functions.</p>\n\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><strong>Example 1:</strong></p>\n\n<pre>\n<strong>Input</strong>\n[&quot;PeekingIterator&quot;, &quot;next&quot;, &quot;peek&quot;, &quot;next&quot;, &quot;next&quot;, &quot;hasNext&quot;]\n[[[1, 2, 3]], [], [], [], [], []]\n<strong>Output</strong>\n[null, 1, 2, 2, 3, false]\n\n<strong>Explanation</strong>\nPeekingIterator peekingIterator = new PeekingIterator([1, 2, 3]); // [<u><strong>1</strong></u>,2,3]\npeekingIterator.next();    // return 1, the pointer moves to the next element [1,<u><strong>2</strong></u>,3].\npeekingIterator.peek();    // return 2, the pointer does not move [1,<u><strong>2</strong></u>,3].\npeekingIterator.next();    // return 2, the pointer moves to the next element [1,2,<u><strong>3</strong></u>]\npeekingIterator.next();    // return 3, the pointer moves to the next element [1,2,3]\npeekingIterator.hasNext(); // return False\n</pre>\n\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><strong>Constraints:</strong></p>\n\n<ul>\n\t<li><code>1 &lt;= nums.length &lt;= 1000</code></li>\n\t<li><code>1 &lt;= nums[i] &lt;= 1000</code></li>\n\t<li>All the calls to <code>next</code> and <code>peek</code> are valid.</li>\n\t<li>At most <code>1000</code> calls will be made to <code>next</code>, <code>hasNext</code>, and <code>peek</code>.</li>\n</ul>\n\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<strong>Follow up:</strong> How would you extend your design to be generic and work with all types, not just integer?",
            "translatedTitle": "顶端迭代器",
            "translatedContent": "<p>请你在设计一个迭代器，在集成现有迭代器拥有的&nbsp;<code>hasNext</code> 和 <code>next</code> 操作的基础上，还额外支持 <code>peek</code> 操作。</p>\n\n<p>实现 <code>PeekingIterator</code> 类：</p>\n\n<ul>\n\t<li><code>PeekingIterator(Iterator&lt;int&gt; nums)</code> 使用指定整数迭代器&nbsp;<code>nums</code> 初始化迭代器。</li>\n\t<li><code>int next()</code> 返回数组中的下一个元素，并将指针移动到下个元素处。</li>\n\t<li><code>bool hasNext()</code> 如果数组中存在下一个元素，返回 <code>true</code> ；否则，返回 <code>false</code> 。</li>\n\t<li><code>int peek()</code> 返回数组中的下一个元素，但 <strong>不</strong> 移动指针。</li>\n</ul>\n\n<p><strong>注意：</strong>每种语言可能有不同的构造函数和迭代器&nbsp;<code>Iterator</code>，但均支持 <code>int next()</code> 和 <code>boolean hasNext()</code> 函数。</p>\n\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n\n<p><strong>示例 1：</strong></p>\n\n<pre>\n<strong>输入：</strong>\n[\"PeekingIterator\", \"next\", \"peek\", \"next\", \"next\", \"hasNext\"]\n[[[1, 2, 3]], [], [], [], [], []]\n<strong>输出：</strong>\n[null, 1, 2, 2, 3, false]\n\n<strong>解释：</strong>\nPeekingIterator peekingIterator = new PeekingIterator([1, 2, 3]); // [<u><strong>1</strong></u>,2,3]\npeekingIterator.next();    // 返回 1 ，指针移动到下一个元素 [1,<u><strong>2</strong></u>,3]\npeekingIterator.peek();    // 返回 2 ，指针未发生移动 [1,<u><strong>2</strong></u>,3]\npeekingIterator.next();    // 返回 2 ，指针移动到下一个元素 [1,2,<u><strong>3</strong></u>]\npeekingIterator.next();    // 返回 3 ，指针移动到下一个元素 [1,2,3]\npeekingIterator.hasNext(); // 返回 False\n</pre>\n\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n\n<p><strong>提示：</strong></p>\n\n<ul>\n\t<li><code>1 &lt;= nums.length &lt;= 1000</code></li>\n\t<li><code>1 &lt;= nums[i] &lt;= 1000</code></li>\n\t<li>对 <code>next</code> 和 <code>peek</code> 的调用均有效</li>\n\t<li><code>next</code>、<code>hasNext</code> 和 <code>peek </code>最多调用&nbsp; <code>1000</code> 次</li>\n</ul>\n\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n\n<p><strong>进阶：</strong>你将如何拓展你的设计？使之变得通用化，从而适应所有的类型，而不只是整数型？</p>\n",
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            "difficulty": "Medium",
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                    "lang": "C++",
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                    "code": "/*\n * Below is the interface for Iterator, which is already defined for you.\n * **DO NOT** modify the interface for Iterator.\n *\n *  class Iterator {\n *\t\tstruct Data;\n * \t\tData* data;\n *  public:\n *\t\tIterator(const vector<int>& nums);\n * \t\tIterator(const Iterator& iter);\n *\n * \t\t// Returns the next element in the iteration.\n *\t\tint next();\n *\n *\t\t// Returns true if the iteration has more elements.\n *\t\tbool hasNext() const;\n *\t};\n */\n\nclass PeekingIterator : public Iterator {\npublic:\n\tPeekingIterator(const vector<int>& nums) : Iterator(nums) {\n\t    // Initialize any member here.\n\t    // **DO NOT** save a copy of nums and manipulate it directly.\n\t    // You should only use the Iterator interface methods.\n\t    \n\t}\n\t\n    // Returns the next element in the iteration without advancing the iterator.\n\tint peek() {\n        \n\t}\n\t\n\t// hasNext() and next() should behave the same as in the Iterator interface.\n\t// Override them if needed.\n\tint next() {\n\t    \n\t}\n\t\n\tbool hasNext() const {\n\t    \n\t}\n};",
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                    "lang": "Java",
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                    "code": "// Java Iterator interface reference:\n// https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/util/Iterator.html\n\nclass PeekingIterator implements Iterator<Integer> {\n\tpublic PeekingIterator(Iterator<Integer> iterator) {\n\t    // initialize any member here.\n\t    \n\t}\n\t\n    // Returns the next element in the iteration without advancing the iterator.\n\tpublic Integer peek() {\n        \n\t}\n\t\n\t// hasNext() and next() should behave the same as in the Iterator interface.\n\t// Override them if needed.\n\t@Override\n\tpublic Integer next() {\n\t    \n\t}\n\t\n\t@Override\n\tpublic boolean hasNext() {\n\t    \n\t}\n}",
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                {
                    "lang": "Python",
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                    "code": "# Below is the interface for Iterator, which is already defined for you.\n#\n# class Iterator(object):\n#     def __init__(self, nums):\n#         \"\"\"\n#         Initializes an iterator object to the beginning of a list.\n#         :type nums: List[int]\n#         \"\"\"\n#\n#     def hasNext(self):\n#         \"\"\"\n#         Returns true if the iteration has more elements.\n#         :rtype: bool\n#         \"\"\"\n#\n#     def next(self):\n#         \"\"\"\n#         Returns the next element in the iteration.\n#         :rtype: int\n#         \"\"\"\n\nclass PeekingIterator(object):\n    def __init__(self, iterator):\n        \"\"\"\n        Initialize your data structure here.\n        :type iterator: Iterator\n        \"\"\"\n        \n\n    def peek(self):\n        \"\"\"\n        Returns the next element in the iteration without advancing the iterator.\n        :rtype: int\n        \"\"\"\n        \n\n    def next(self):\n        \"\"\"\n        :rtype: int\n        \"\"\"\n        \n\n    def hasNext(self):\n        \"\"\"\n        :rtype: bool\n        \"\"\"\n        \n\n# Your PeekingIterator object will be instantiated and called as such:\n# iter = PeekingIterator(Iterator(nums))\n# while iter.hasNext():\n#     val = iter.peek()   # Get the next element but not advance the iterator.\n#     iter.next()         # Should return the same value as [val].",
                    "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode"
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                    "lang": "Python3",
                    "langSlug": "python3",
                    "code": "# Below is the interface for Iterator, which is already defined for you.\n#\n# class Iterator:\n#     def __init__(self, nums):\n#         \"\"\"\n#         Initializes an iterator object to the beginning of a list.\n#         :type nums: List[int]\n#         \"\"\"\n#\n#     def hasNext(self):\n#         \"\"\"\n#         Returns true if the iteration has more elements.\n#         :rtype: bool\n#         \"\"\"\n#\n#     def next(self):\n#         \"\"\"\n#         Returns the next element in the iteration.\n#         :rtype: int\n#         \"\"\"\n\nclass PeekingIterator:\n    def __init__(self, iterator):\n        \"\"\"\n        Initialize your data structure here.\n        :type iterator: Iterator\n        \"\"\"\n        \n\n    def peek(self):\n        \"\"\"\n        Returns the next element in the iteration without advancing the iterator.\n        :rtype: int\n        \"\"\"\n        \n\n    def next(self):\n        \"\"\"\n        :rtype: int\n        \"\"\"\n        \n\n    def hasNext(self):\n        \"\"\"\n        :rtype: bool\n        \"\"\"\n        \n\n# Your PeekingIterator object will be instantiated and called as such:\n# iter = PeekingIterator(Iterator(nums))\n# while iter.hasNext():\n#     val = iter.peek()   # Get the next element but not advance the iterator.\n#     iter.next()         # Should return the same value as [val].",
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                    "lang": "C",
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                    "code": "/*\n *\tstruct Iterator {\n *\t\t// Returns true if the iteration has more elements.\n *\t\tbool (*hasNext)();\n *\n * \t\t// Returns the next element in the iteration.\n *\t\tint (*next)();\n *\t};\n */\n\nstruct PeekingIterator {\n    \n};\n\nstruct PeekingIterator* Constructor(struct Iterator* iter) {\n    struct PeekingIterator* piter = malloc(sizeof(struct PeekingIterator));\n    piter->iterator = iter;\n    piter->hasPeeked = false;\n    return piter;\n}\n\nint peek(struct PeekingIterator* obj) {\n    \n}\n\nint next(struct PeekingIterator* obj) {\n    \n}\n\nbool hasNext(struct PeekingIterator* obj) {\n    \n}\n\n/**\n * Your PeekingIterator struct will be instantiated and called as such:\n * PeekingIterator* obj = peekingIteratorCreate(arr, arrSize);\n * int param_1 = peek(obj);\n * int param_2 = next(obj);\n * bool param_3 = hasNext(obj);\n * peekingIteratorFree(obj);\n*/",
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                    "lang": "C#",
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                    "code": "// C# IEnumerator interface reference:\n// https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.collections.ienumerator?view=netframework-4.8\n\nclass PeekingIterator {\n    // iterators refers to the first element of the array.\n    public PeekingIterator(IEnumerator<int> iterator) {\n        // initialize any member here.\n    }\n    \n    // Returns the next element in the iteration without advancing the iterator.\n    public int Peek() {\n        \n    }\n    \n    // Returns the next element in the iteration and advances the iterator.\n    public int Next() {\n        \n    }\n    \n    // Returns false if the iterator is refering to the end of the array of true otherwise.\n    public bool HasNext() {\n\t\t\n    }\n}",
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                    "lang": "JavaScript",
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                    "code": "/**\n * // This is the Iterator's API interface.\n * // You should not implement it, or speculate about its implementation.\n * function Iterator() {\n *    @ return {number}\n *    this.next = function() { // return the next number of the iterator\n *       ...\n *    }; \n *\n *    @return {boolean}\n *    this.hasNext = function() { // return true if it still has numbers\n *       ...\n *    };\n * };\n */\n\n/**\n * @param {Iterator} iterator\n */\nvar PeekingIterator = function(iterator) {\n    \n};\n\n/**\n * @return {number}\n */\nPeekingIterator.prototype.peek = function() {\n    \n};\n\n/**\n * @return {number}\n */\nPeekingIterator.prototype.next = function() {\n    \n};\n\n/**\n * @return {boolean}\n */\nPeekingIterator.prototype.hasNext = function() {\n    \n};\n\n/** \n * Your PeekingIterator object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * var obj = new PeekingIterator(arr)\n * var param_1 = obj.peek()\n * var param_2 = obj.next()\n * var param_3 = obj.hasNext()\n */",
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                    "lang": "Ruby",
                    "langSlug": "ruby",
                    "code": "# Below is the interface for Iterator, which is already defined for you.\n#\n# class Iterator\n# \tdef initialize(v)\n#   \n#   end\n#\n#   def hasNext()\n#\t\tReturns true if the iteration has more elements.\n#   end\n#\n#   def next()\n#   \tReturns the next element in the iteration.\n#   end\n# end\n\nclass PeekingIterator\n    # @param {Iterator} iter\n    def initialize(iter)\n    \t\n    end\n    \n    # Returns true if the iteration has more elements.\n    # @return {boolean}\n    def hasNext()\n    \t\n    end\n    \n    # Returns the next element in the iteration.\n    # @return {integer}\n    def next()\n    \t\n    end\n    \n    # Returns the next element in the iteration without advancing the iterator.\n    # @return {integer}\n    def peek()\n    \t\n    end\nend",
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                    "lang": "Swift",
                    "langSlug": "swift",
                    "code": "// Swift IndexingIterator refernence:\n// https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swift/indexingiterator\n\nclass PeekingIterator {\n    init(_ arr: IndexingIterator<Array<Int>>) {\n        \n    }\n    \n    func next() -> Int {\n        \n    }\n    \n    func peek() -> Int {\n        \n    }\n    \n    func hasNext() -> Bool {\n        \n    }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your PeekingIterator object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * let obj = PeekingIterator(arr)\n * let ret_1: Int = obj.next()\n * let ret_2: Int = obj.peek()\n * let ret_3: Bool = obj.hasNext()\n */",
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                {
                    "lang": "Go",
                    "langSlug": "golang",
                    "code": "/*   Below is the interface for Iterator, which is already defined for you.\n *\n *   type Iterator struct {\n *       \n *   }\n *\n *   func (this *Iterator) hasNext() bool {\n *\t\t// Returns true if the iteration has more elements.\n *   }\n *\n *   func (this *Iterator) next() int {\n *\t\t// Returns the next element in the iteration.\n *   }\n */\n\ntype PeekingIterator struct {\n    \n}\n\nfunc Constructor(iter *Iterator) *PeekingIterator {\n    \n}\n\nfunc (this *PeekingIterator) hasNext() bool {\n    \n}\n\nfunc (this *PeekingIterator) next() int {\n    \n}\n\nfunc (this *PeekingIterator) peek() int {\n    \n}",
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                    "code": "// Scala Iterator reference:\n// https://www.scala-lang.org/api/2.12.2/scala/collection/Iterator.html\n\nclass PeekingIterator(_iterator: Iterator[Int]) {\n    def peek(): Int = {\n        \n    }\n    \n    def next(): Int = {\n        \n    }\n    \n    def hasNext(): Boolean = {\n        \n    }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your PeekingIterator object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * var obj = new PeekingIterator(arr)\n * var param_1 = obj.next()\n * var param_2 = obj.peek()\n * var param_3 = obj.hasNext()\n */",
                    "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode"
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                    "lang": "Kotlin",
                    "langSlug": "kotlin",
                    "code": "// Kotlin Iterator reference:\n// https://kotlinlang.org/api/latest/jvm/stdlib/kotlin.collections/-iterator/\n\nclass PeekingIterator(iterator:Iterator<Int>):Iterator<Int> {\n    fun peek(): Int {\n    \t\n    }\n    \n    override fun next(): Int {\n        \n    }\n    \n    override fun hasNext(): Boolean {\n        \n    }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your PeekingIterator object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * var obj = PeekingIterator(arr)\n * var param_1 = obj.next()\n * var param_2 = obj.peek()\n * var param_3 = obj.hasNext()\n */",
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                    "lang": "PHP",
                    "langSlug": "php",
                    "code": "// PHP ArrayIterator reference:\n// https://www.php.net/arrayiterator\n\nclass PeekingIterator {\n    /**\n     * @param ArrayIterator $arr\n     */\n    function __construct($arr) {\n        \n    }\n    \n    /**\n     * @return Integer\n     */\n    function next() {\n        \n    }\n    \n    /**\n     * @return Integer\n     */\n    function peek() {\n        \n    }\n    \n    /**\n     * @return Boolean\n     */\n    function hasNext() {\n        \n    }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your PeekingIterator object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * $obj = PeekingIterator($arr);\n * $ret_1 = $obj->next();\n * $ret_2 = $obj->peek();\n * $ret_3 = $obj->hasNext();\n */",
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                    "code": "/**\n * // This is the Iterator's API interface.\n * // You should not implement it, or speculate about its implementation\n * class Iterator {\n *      hasNext(): boolean {}\n *\n *      next(): number {}\n * }\n */\n\nclass PeekingIterator {\n    constructor(iterator: Iterator) {\n\n    }\n\n    peek(): number {\n\n    }\n\n    next(): number {\n\n    }\n\n    hasNext(): boolean {\n\n    }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your PeekingIterator object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * var obj = new PeekingIterator(iterator)\n * var param_1 = obj.peek()\n * var param_2 = obj.next()\n * var param_3 = obj.hasNext()\n */",
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            "hints": [
                "Think of \"looking ahead\". You want to cache the next element.",
                "Is one variable sufficient? Why or why not?",
                "Test your design with call order of <code>peek()</code> before <code>next()</code> vs <code>next()</code> before <code>peek()</code>.",
                "For a clean implementation, check out <a href=\"https://github.com/google/guava/blob/703ef758b8621cfbab16814f01ddcc5324bdea33/guava-gwt/src-super/com/google/common/collect/super/com/google/common/collect/Iterators.java#L1125\" target=\"_blank\">Google's guava library source code</a>."
            ],
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            "sampleTestCase": "[\"PeekingIterator\",\"next\",\"peek\",\"next\",\"next\",\"hasNext\"]\n[[[1,2,3]],[],[],[],[],[]]",
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