leetcode-problemset/leetcode-cn/originData/lfu-cache.json

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    "data": {
        "question": {
            "questionId": "460",
            "questionFrontendId": "460",
            "categoryTitle": "Algorithms",
            "boundTopicId": 1584,
            "title": "LFU Cache",
            "titleSlug": "lfu-cache",
            "content": "<p>Design and implement a data structure for a <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Least_frequently_used\" target=\"_blank\">Least Frequently Used (LFU)</a> cache.</p>\n\n<p>Implement the <code>LFUCache</code> class:</p>\n\n<ul>\n\t<li><code>LFUCache(int capacity)</code> Initializes the object with the <code>capacity</code> of the data structure.</li>\n\t<li><code>int get(int key)</code> Gets the value of the <code>key</code> if the <code>key</code> exists in the cache. Otherwise, returns <code>-1</code>.</li>\n\t<li><code>void put(int key, int value)</code> Update the value of the <code>key</code> if present, or inserts the <code>key</code> if not already present. When the cache reaches its <code>capacity</code>, it should invalidate and remove the <strong>least frequently used</strong> key before inserting a new item. For this problem, when there is a <strong>tie</strong> (i.e., two or more keys with the same frequency), the <strong>least recently used</strong> <code>key</code> would be invalidated.</li>\n</ul>\n\n<p>To determine the least frequently used key, a <strong>use counter</strong> is maintained for each key in the cache. The key with the smallest <strong>use counter</strong> is the least frequently used key.</p>\n\n<p>When a key is first inserted into the cache, its <strong>use counter</strong> is set to <code>1</code> (due to the <code>put</code> operation). The <strong>use counter</strong> for a key in the cache is incremented either a <code>get</code> or <code>put</code> operation is called on it.</p>\n\n<p>The functions&nbsp;<code data-stringify-type=\"code\">get</code>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<code data-stringify-type=\"code\">put</code>&nbsp;must each run in <code>O(1)</code> average time complexity.</p>\n\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><strong class=\"example\">Example 1:</strong></p>\n\n<pre>\n<strong>Input</strong>\n[&quot;LFUCache&quot;, &quot;put&quot;, &quot;put&quot;, &quot;get&quot;, &quot;put&quot;, &quot;get&quot;, &quot;get&quot;, &quot;put&quot;, &quot;get&quot;, &quot;get&quot;, &quot;get&quot;]\n[[2], [1, 1], [2, 2], [1], [3, 3], [2], [3], [4, 4], [1], [3], [4]]\n<strong>Output</strong>\n[null, null, null, 1, null, -1, 3, null, -1, 3, 4]\n\n<strong>Explanation</strong>\n// cnt(x) = the use counter for key x\n// cache=[] will show the last used order for tiebreakers (leftmost element is  most recent)\nLFUCache lfu = new LFUCache(2);\nlfu.put(1, 1);   // cache=[1,_], cnt(1)=1\nlfu.put(2, 2);   // cache=[2,1], cnt(2)=1, cnt(1)=1\nlfu.get(1);      // return 1\n                 // cache=[1,2], cnt(2)=1, cnt(1)=2\nlfu.put(3, 3);   // 2 is the LFU key because cnt(2)=1 is the smallest, invalidate 2.\n&nbsp;                // cache=[3,1], cnt(3)=1, cnt(1)=2\nlfu.get(2);      // return -1 (not found)\nlfu.get(3);      // return 3\n                 // cache=[3,1], cnt(3)=2, cnt(1)=2\nlfu.put(4, 4);   // Both 1 and 3 have the same cnt, but 1 is LRU, invalidate 1.\n                 // cache=[4,3], cnt(4)=1, cnt(3)=2\nlfu.get(1);      // return -1 (not found)\nlfu.get(3);      // return 3\n                 // cache=[3,4], cnt(4)=1, cnt(3)=3\nlfu.get(4);      // return 4\n                 // cache=[4,3], cnt(4)=2, cnt(3)=3\n</pre>\n\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><strong>Constraints:</strong></p>\n\n<ul>\n\t<li><code>1 &lt;= capacity&nbsp;&lt;= 10<sup>4</sup></code></li>\n\t<li><code>0 &lt;= key &lt;= 10<sup>5</sup></code></li>\n\t<li><code>0 &lt;= value &lt;= 10<sup>9</sup></code></li>\n\t<li>At most <code>2 * 10<sup>5</sup></code>&nbsp;calls will be made to <code>get</code> and <code>put</code>.</li>\n</ul>\n\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<span style=\"display: none;\">&nbsp;</span>",
            "translatedTitle": "LFU 缓存",
            "translatedContent": "<p>请你为 <a href=\"https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E7%BC%93%E5%AD%98%E7%AE%97%E6%B3%95\">最不经常使用（LFU）</a>缓存算法设计并实现数据结构。</p>\n\n<p>实现 <code>LFUCache</code> 类：</p>\n\n<ul>\n\t<li><code>LFUCache(int capacity)</code> - 用数据结构的容量&nbsp;<code>capacity</code> 初始化对象</li>\n\t<li><code>int get(int key)</code>&nbsp;- 如果键&nbsp;<code>key</code> 存在于缓存中，则获取键的值，否则返回 <code>-1</code> 。</li>\n\t<li><code>void put(int key, int value)</code>&nbsp;- 如果键&nbsp;<code>key</code> 已存在，则变更其值；如果键不存在，请插入键值对。当缓存达到其容量&nbsp;<code>capacity</code> 时，则应该在插入新项之前，移除最不经常使用的项。在此问题中，当存在平局（即两个或更多个键具有相同使用频率）时，应该去除 <strong>最久未使用</strong> 的键。</li>\n</ul>\n\n<p>为了确定最不常使用的键，可以为缓存中的每个键维护一个 <strong>使用计数器</strong> 。使用计数最小的键是最久未使用的键。</p>\n\n<p>当一个键首次插入到缓存中时，它的使用计数器被设置为 <code>1</code> (由于 put 操作)。对缓存中的键执行 <code>get</code> 或 <code>put</code> 操作，使用计数器的值将会递增。</p>\n\n<p>函数 <code>get</code> 和 <code>put</code> 必须以 <code>O(1)</code> 的平均时间复杂度运行。</p>\n\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n\n<p><strong>示例：</strong></p>\n\n<pre>\n<strong>输入：</strong>\n[\"LFUCache\", \"put\", \"put\", \"get\", \"put\", \"get\", \"get\", \"put\", \"get\", \"get\", \"get\"]\n[[2], [1, 1], [2, 2], [1], [3, 3], [2], [3], [4, 4], [1], [3], [4]]\n<strong>输出：</strong>\n[null, null, null, 1, null, -1, 3, null, -1, 3, 4]\n\n<strong>解释：</strong>\n// cnt(x) = 键 x 的使用计数\n// cache=[] 将显示最后一次使用的顺序（最左边的元素是最近的）\nLFUCache lfu = new LFUCache(2);\nlfu.put(1, 1);   // cache=[1,_], cnt(1)=1\nlfu.put(2, 2);   // cache=[2,1], cnt(2)=1, cnt(1)=1\nlfu.get(1);      // 返回 1\n                 // cache=[1,2], cnt(2)=1, cnt(1)=2\nlfu.put(3, 3);   // 去除键 2 ，因为 cnt(2)=1 ，使用计数最小\n                 // cache=[3,1], cnt(3)=1, cnt(1)=2\nlfu.get(2);      // 返回 -1（未找到）\nlfu.get(3);      // 返回 3\n                 // cache=[3,1], cnt(3)=2, cnt(1)=2\nlfu.put(4, 4);   // 去除键 1 ，1 和 3 的 cnt 相同，但 1 最久未使用\n                 // cache=[4,3], cnt(4)=1, cnt(3)=2\nlfu.get(1);      // 返回 -1（未找到）\nlfu.get(3);      // 返回 3\n                 // cache=[3,4], cnt(4)=1, cnt(3)=3\nlfu.get(4);      // 返回 4\n                 // cache=[3,4], cnt(4)=2, cnt(3)=3</pre>\n\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n\n<p><strong>提示：</strong></p>\n\n<ul>\n\t<li><code>1 &lt;= capacity&nbsp;&lt;= 10<sup>4</sup></code></li>\n\t<li><code>0 &lt;= key &lt;= 10<sup>5</sup></code></li>\n\t<li><code>0 &lt;= value &lt;= 10<sup>9</sup></code></li>\n\t<li>最多调用 <code>2 * 10<sup>5</sup></code> 次 <code>get</code> 和 <code>put</code> 方法</li>\n</ul>\n",
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                    "lang": "C++",
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                    "code": "class LFUCache {\npublic:\n    LFUCache(int capacity) {\n\n    }\n    \n    int get(int key) {\n\n    }\n    \n    void put(int key, int value) {\n\n    }\n};\n\n/**\n * Your LFUCache object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * LFUCache* obj = new LFUCache(capacity);\n * int param_1 = obj->get(key);\n * obj->put(key,value);\n */",
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                    "code": "class LFUCache {\n\n    public LFUCache(int capacity) {\n\n    }\n    \n    public int get(int key) {\n\n    }\n    \n    public void put(int key, int value) {\n\n    }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your LFUCache object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * LFUCache obj = new LFUCache(capacity);\n * int param_1 = obj.get(key);\n * obj.put(key,value);\n */",
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                    "lang": "Python",
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                    "code": "class LFUCache(object):\n\n    def __init__(self, capacity):\n        \"\"\"\n        :type capacity: int\n        \"\"\"\n\n\n    def get(self, key):\n        \"\"\"\n        :type key: int\n        :rtype: int\n        \"\"\"\n\n\n    def put(self, key, value):\n        \"\"\"\n        :type key: int\n        :type value: int\n        :rtype: None\n        \"\"\"\n\n\n\n# Your LFUCache object will be instantiated and called as such:\n# obj = LFUCache(capacity)\n# param_1 = obj.get(key)\n# obj.put(key,value)",
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                    "lang": "Python3",
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                    "code": "class LFUCache:\n\n    def __init__(self, capacity: int):\n\n\n    def get(self, key: int) -> int:\n\n\n    def put(self, key: int, value: int) -> None:\n\n\n\n# Your LFUCache object will be instantiated and called as such:\n# obj = LFUCache(capacity)\n# param_1 = obj.get(key)\n# obj.put(key,value)",
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                    "lang": "C",
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                    "code": "\n\n\ntypedef struct {\n\n} LFUCache;\n\n\nLFUCache* lFUCacheCreate(int capacity) {\n\n}\n\nint lFUCacheGet(LFUCache* obj, int key) {\n\n}\n\nvoid lFUCachePut(LFUCache* obj, int key, int value) {\n\n}\n\nvoid lFUCacheFree(LFUCache* obj) {\n\n}\n\n/**\n * Your LFUCache struct will be instantiated and called as such:\n * LFUCache* obj = lFUCacheCreate(capacity);\n * int param_1 = lFUCacheGet(obj, key);\n \n * lFUCachePut(obj, key, value);\n \n * lFUCacheFree(obj);\n*/",
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                    "lang": "C#",
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                    "code": "public class LFUCache {\n\n    public LFUCache(int capacity) {\n\n    }\n    \n    public int Get(int key) {\n\n    }\n    \n    public void Put(int key, int value) {\n\n    }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your LFUCache object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * LFUCache obj = new LFUCache(capacity);\n * int param_1 = obj.Get(key);\n * obj.Put(key,value);\n */",
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                    "lang": "JavaScript",
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                    "code": "/**\n * @param {number} capacity\n */\nvar LFUCache = function(capacity) {\n\n};\n\n/** \n * @param {number} key\n * @return {number}\n */\nLFUCache.prototype.get = function(key) {\n\n};\n\n/** \n * @param {number} key \n * @param {number} value\n * @return {void}\n */\nLFUCache.prototype.put = function(key, value) {\n\n};\n\n/**\n * Your LFUCache object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * var obj = new LFUCache(capacity)\n * var param_1 = obj.get(key)\n * obj.put(key,value)\n */",
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                    "lang": "TypeScript",
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                    "code": "class LFUCache {\n    constructor(capacity: number) {\n\n    }\n\n    get(key: number): number {\n\n    }\n\n    put(key: number, value: number): void {\n\n    }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your LFUCache object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * var obj = new LFUCache(capacity)\n * var param_1 = obj.get(key)\n * obj.put(key,value)\n */",
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                    "lang": "PHP",
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                    "code": "class LFUCache {\n    /**\n     * @param Integer $capacity\n     */\n    function __construct($capacity) {\n\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * @param Integer $key\n     * @return Integer\n     */\n    function get($key) {\n\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * @param Integer $key\n     * @param Integer $value\n     * @return NULL\n     */\n    function put($key, $value) {\n\n    }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your LFUCache object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * $obj = LFUCache($capacity);\n * $ret_1 = $obj->get($key);\n * $obj->put($key, $value);\n */",
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                    "lang": "Swift",
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                    "code": "\nclass LFUCache {\n\n    init(_ capacity: Int) {\n\n    }\n    \n    func get(_ key: Int) -> Int {\n\n    }\n    \n    func put(_ key: Int, _ value: Int) {\n\n    }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your LFUCache object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * let obj = LFUCache(capacity)\n * let ret_1: Int = obj.get(key)\n * obj.put(key, value)\n */",
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                    "lang": "Kotlin",
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                    "code": "class LFUCache(capacity: Int) {\n\n    fun get(key: Int): Int {\n\n    }\n\n    fun put(key: Int, value: Int) {\n\n    }\n\n}\n\n/**\n * Your LFUCache object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * var obj = LFUCache(capacity)\n * var param_1 = obj.get(key)\n * obj.put(key,value)\n */",
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                    "code": "class LFUCache {\n\n  LFUCache(int capacity) {\n\n  }\n  \n  int get(int key) {\n\n  }\n  \n  void put(int key, int value) {\n\n  }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your LFUCache object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * LFUCache obj = LFUCache(capacity);\n * int param1 = obj.get(key);\n * obj.put(key,value);\n */",
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                    "lang": "Go",
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                    "code": "type LFUCache struct {\n\n}\n\n\nfunc Constructor(capacity int) LFUCache {\n\n}\n\n\nfunc (this *LFUCache) Get(key int) int {\n\n}\n\n\nfunc (this *LFUCache) Put(key int, value int)  {\n\n}\n\n\n/**\n * Your LFUCache object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * obj := Constructor(capacity);\n * param_1 := obj.Get(key);\n * obj.Put(key,value);\n */",
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                    "code": "class LFUCache\n\n=begin\n    :type capacity: Integer\n=end\n    def initialize(capacity)\n\n    end\n\n\n=begin\n    :type key: Integer\n    :rtype: Integer\n=end\n    def get(key)\n\n    end\n\n\n=begin\n    :type key: Integer\n    :type value: Integer\n    :rtype: Void\n=end\n    def put(key, value)\n\n    end\n\n\nend\n\n# Your LFUCache object will be instantiated and called as such:\n# obj = LFUCache.new(capacity)\n# param_1 = obj.get(key)\n# obj.put(key, value)",
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                    "lang": "Scala",
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                    "code": "class LFUCache(_capacity: Int) {\n\n    def get(key: Int): Int = {\n\n    }\n\n    def put(key: Int, value: Int) {\n\n    }\n\n}\n\n/**\n * Your LFUCache object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * var obj = new LFUCache(capacity)\n * var param_1 = obj.get(key)\n * obj.put(key,value)\n */",
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                    "code": "struct LFUCache {\n\n}\n\n\n/**\n * `&self` means the method takes an immutable reference.\n * If you need a mutable reference, change it to `&mut self` instead.\n */\nimpl LFUCache {\n\n    fn new(capacity: i32) -> Self {\n\n    }\n    \n    fn get(&self, key: i32) -> i32 {\n\n    }\n    \n    fn put(&self, key: i32, value: i32) {\n\n    }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your LFUCache object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * let obj = LFUCache::new(capacity);\n * let ret_1: i32 = obj.get(key);\n * obj.put(key, value);\n */",
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                    "lang": "Racket",
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                    "code": "(define lfu-cache%\n  (class object%\n    (super-new)\n\n    ; capacity : exact-integer?\n    (init-field\n      capacity)\n    \n    ; get : exact-integer? -> exact-integer?\n    (define/public (get key)\n\n      )\n    ; put : exact-integer? exact-integer? -> void?\n    (define/public (put key value)\n\n      )))\n\n;; Your lfu-cache% object will be instantiated and called as such:\n;; (define obj (new lfu-cache% [capacity capacity]))\n;; (define param_1 (send obj get key))\n;; (send obj put key value)",
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                    "lang": "Erlang",
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                    "code": "-spec lfu_cache_init_(Capacity :: integer()) -> any().\nlfu_cache_init_(Capacity) ->\n  .\n\n-spec lfu_cache_get(Key :: integer()) -> integer().\nlfu_cache_get(Key) ->\n  .\n\n-spec lfu_cache_put(Key :: integer(), Value :: integer()) -> any().\nlfu_cache_put(Key, Value) ->\n  .\n\n\n%% Your functions will be called as such:\n%% lfu_cache_init_(Capacity),\n%% Param_1 = lfu_cache_get(Key),\n%% lfu_cache_put(Key, Value),\n\n%% lfu_cache_init_ will be called before every test case, in which you can do some necessary initializations.",
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                    "code": "defmodule LFUCache do\n  @spec init_(capacity :: integer) :: any\n  def init_(capacity) do\n\n  end\n\n  @spec get(key :: integer) :: integer\n  def get(key) do\n\n  end\n\n  @spec put(key :: integer, value :: integer) :: any\n  def put(key, value) do\n\n  end\nend\n\n# Your functions will be called as such:\n# LFUCache.init_(capacity)\n# param_1 = LFUCache.get(key)\n# LFUCache.put(key, value)\n\n# LFUCache.init_ will be called before every test case, in which you can do some necessary initializations.",
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