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131 lines
5.1 KiB
HTML
131 lines
5.1 KiB
HTML
<p>Table: <code>Samples</code></p>
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<pre>
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+----------------+---------+
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| Column Name | Type |
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+----------------+---------+
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| sample_id | int |
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| dna_sequence | varchar |
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| species | varchar |
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+----------------+---------+
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sample_id is the unique key for this table.
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Each row contains a DNA sequence represented as a string of characters (A, T, G, C) and the species it was collected from.
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</pre>
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<p>Biologists are studying basic patterns in DNA sequences. Write a solution to identify <code>sample_id</code> with the following patterns:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>Sequences that <strong>start</strong> with <strong>ATG</strong> (a common <strong>start codon</strong>)</li>
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<li>Sequences that <strong>end</strong> with either <strong>TAA</strong>, <strong>TAG</strong>, or <strong>TGA</strong> (<strong>stop codons</strong>)</li>
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<li>Sequences containing the motif <strong>ATAT</strong> (a simple repeated pattern)</li>
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<li>Sequences that have <strong>at least</strong> <code>3</code> <strong>consecutive</strong> <strong>G</strong> (like <strong>GGG</strong> or <strong>GGGG</strong>)</li>
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</ul>
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<p>Return <em>the result table ordered by </em><em>sample_id in <strong>ascending</strong> order</em>.</p>
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<p>The result format is in the following example.</p>
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<p> </p>
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<p><strong class="example">Example:</strong></p>
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<div class="example-block">
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<p><strong>Input:</strong></p>
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<p>Samples table:</p>
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<pre class="example-io">
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+-----------+------------------+-----------+
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| sample_id | dna_sequence | species |
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+-----------+------------------+-----------+
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| 1 | ATGCTAGCTAGCTAA | Human |
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| 2 | GGGTCAATCATC | Human |
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| 3 | ATATATCGTAGCTA | Human |
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| 4 | ATGGGGTCATCATAA | Mouse |
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| 5 | TCAGTCAGTCAG | Mouse |
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| 6 | ATATCGCGCTAG | Zebrafish |
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| 7 | CGTATGCGTCGTA | Zebrafish |
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+-----------+------------------+-----------+
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</pre>
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<p><strong>Output:</strong></p>
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<pre class="example-io">
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+-----------+------------------+-------------+-------------+------------+------------+------------+
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| sample_id | dna_sequence | species | has_start | has_stop | has_atat | has_ggg |
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+-----------+------------------+-------------+-------------+------------+------------+------------+
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| 1 | ATGCTAGCTAGCTAA | Human | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
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| 2 | GGGTCAATCATC | Human | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
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| 3 | ATATATCGTAGCTA | Human | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
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| 4 | ATGGGGTCATCATAA | Mouse | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
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| 5 | TCAGTCAGTCAG | Mouse | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
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| 6 | ATATCGCGCTAG | Zebrafish | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
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| 7 | CGTATGCGTCGTA | Zebrafish | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
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+-----------+------------------+-------------+-------------+------------+------------+------------+
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</pre>
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<p><strong>Explanation:</strong></p>
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<ul>
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<li>Sample 1 (ATGCTAGCTAGCTAA):
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<ul>
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<li>Starts with ATG (has_start = 1)</li>
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<li>Ends with TAA (has_stop = 1)</li>
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<li>Does not contain ATAT (has_atat = 0)</li>
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<li>Does not contain at least 3 consecutive 'G's (has_ggg = 0)</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li>Sample 2 (GGGTCAATCATC):
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<ul>
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<li>Does not start with ATG (has_start = 0)</li>
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<li>Does not end with TAA, TAG, or TGA (has_stop = 0)</li>
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<li>Does not contain ATAT (has_atat = 0)</li>
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<li>Contains GGG (has_ggg = 1)</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li>Sample 3 (ATATATCGTAGCTA):
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<ul>
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<li>Does not start with ATG (has_start = 0)</li>
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<li>Does not end with TAA, TAG, or TGA (has_stop = 0)</li>
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<li>Contains ATAT (has_atat = 1)</li>
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<li>Does not contain at least 3 consecutive 'G's (has_ggg = 0)</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li>Sample 4 (ATGGGGTCATCATAA):
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<ul>
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<li>Starts with ATG (has_start = 1)</li>
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<li>Ends with TAA (has_stop = 1)</li>
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<li>Does not contain ATAT (has_atat = 0)</li>
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<li>Contains GGGG (has_ggg = 1)</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li>Sample 5 (TCAGTCAGTCAG):
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<ul>
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<li>Does not match any patterns (all fields = 0)</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li>Sample 6 (ATATCGCGCTAG):
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<ul>
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<li>Does not start with ATG (has_start = 0)</li>
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<li>Ends with TAG (has_stop = 1)</li>
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<li>Starts with ATAT (has_atat = 1)</li>
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<li>Does not contain at least 3 consecutive 'G's (has_ggg = 0)</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li>Sample 7 (CGTATGCGTCGTA):
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<ul>
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<li>Does not start with ATG (has_start = 0)</li>
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<li>Does not end with TAA, "TAG", or "TGA" (has_stop = 0)</li>
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<li>Does not contain ATAT (has_atat = 0)</li>
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<li>Does not contain at least 3 consecutive 'G's (has_ggg = 0)</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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</ul>
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<p><strong>Note:</strong></p>
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<ul>
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<li>The result is ordered by sample_id in ascending order</li>
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<li>For each pattern, 1 indicates the pattern is present and 0 indicates it is not present</li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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