leetcode-problemset/leetcode-cn/originData/find-subtree-sizes-after-changes.json

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        "question": {
            "questionId": "3576",
            "questionFrontendId": "3331",
            "categoryTitle": "Algorithms",
            "boundTopicId": 2966668,
            "title": "Find Subtree Sizes After Changes",
            "titleSlug": "find-subtree-sizes-after-changes",
            "content": "<p>You are given a tree rooted at node 0 that consists of <code>n</code> nodes numbered from <code>0</code> to <code>n - 1</code>. The tree is represented by an array <code>parent</code> of size <code>n</code>, where <code>parent[i]</code> is the parent of node <code>i</code>. Since node 0 is the root, <code>parent[0] == -1</code>.</p>\n\n<p>You are also given a string <code>s</code> of length <code>n</code>, where <code>s[i]</code> is the character assigned to node <code>i</code>.</p>\n\n<p>We make the following changes on the tree <strong>one</strong> time <strong>simultaneously</strong> for all nodes <code>x</code> from <code>1</code> to <code>n - 1</code>:</p>\n\n<ul>\n\t<li>Find the <strong>closest</strong> node <code>y</code> to node <code>x</code> such that <code>y</code> is an ancestor of <code>x</code>, and <code>s[x] == s[y]</code>.</li>\n\t<li>If node <code>y</code> does not exist, do nothing.</li>\n\t<li>Otherwise, <strong>remove</strong> the edge between <code>x</code> and its current parent and make node <code>y</code> the new parent of <code>x</code> by adding an edge between them.</li>\n</ul>\n\n<p>Return an array <code>answer</code> of size <code>n</code> where <code>answer[i]</code> is the <strong>size</strong> of the <span data-keyword=\"subtree\">subtree</span> rooted at node <code>i</code> in the <strong>final</strong> tree.</p>\n\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><strong class=\"example\">Example 1:</strong></p>\n\n<div class=\"example-block\">\n<p><strong>Input:</strong> <span class=\"example-io\">parent = [-1,0,0,1,1,1], s = &quot;abaabc&quot;</span></p>\n\n<p><strong>Output:</strong> <span class=\"example-io\">[6,3,1,1,1,1]</span></p>\n\n<p><strong>Explanation:</strong></p>\n<img alt=\"\" src=\"https://assets.leetcode.com/uploads/2024/08/15/graphex1drawio.png\" style=\"width: 230px; height: 277px;\" />\n<p>The parent of node 3 will change from node 1 to node 0.</p>\n</div>\n\n<p><strong class=\"example\">Example 2:</strong></p>\n\n<div class=\"example-block\">\n<p><strong>Input:</strong> <span class=\"example-io\">parent = [-1,0,4,0,1], s = &quot;abbba&quot;</span></p>\n\n<p><strong>Output:</strong> <span class=\"example-io\">[5,2,1,1,1]</span></p>\n\n<p><strong>Explanation:</strong></p>\n<img alt=\"\" src=\"https://assets.leetcode.com/uploads/2024/08/20/exgraph2drawio.png\" style=\"width: 160px; height: 308px;\" />\n<p>The following changes will happen at the same time:</p>\n\n<ul>\n\t<li>The parent of node 4 will change from node 1 to node 0.</li>\n\t<li>The parent of node 2 will change from node 4 to node 1.</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><strong>Constraints:</strong></p>\n\n<ul>\n\t<li><code>n == parent.length == s.length</code></li>\n\t<li><code>1 &lt;= n &lt;= 10<sup>5</sup></code></li>\n\t<li><code>0 &lt;= parent[i] &lt;= n - 1</code> for all <code>i &gt;= 1</code>.</li>\n\t<li><code>parent[0] == -1</code></li>\n\t<li><code>parent</code> represents a valid tree.</li>\n\t<li><code>s</code> consists only of lowercase English letters.</li>\n</ul>\n",
            "translatedTitle": "修改后子树的大小",
            "translatedContent": "<p>给你一棵 <code>n</code>&nbsp;个节点且根节点为编号 0 的树，节点编号为&nbsp;<code>0</code>&nbsp;到&nbsp;<code>n - 1</code>&nbsp;。这棵树用一个长度为&nbsp;<code>n</code>&nbsp;的数组&nbsp;<code>parent</code>&nbsp;表示，其中&nbsp;<code>parent[i]</code>&nbsp;是第 <code>i</code>&nbsp;个节点的父亲节点的编号。由于节点 0 是根，<code>parent[0] == -1</code>&nbsp;。</p>\n\n<p>给你一个长度为 <code>n</code>&nbsp;的字符串&nbsp;<code>s</code>&nbsp;，其中&nbsp;<code>s[i]</code>&nbsp;是节点 <code>i</code>&nbsp;对应的字符。</p>\n\n<p>对于节点编号从 <code>1</code>&nbsp;到 <code>n - 1</code>&nbsp;的每个节点 <code>x</code>&nbsp;，我们 <strong>同时</strong> 执行以下操作 <strong>一次</strong>&nbsp;：</p>\n\n<ul>\n\t<li>找到距离节点 <code>x</code>&nbsp;<strong>最近</strong>&nbsp;的祖先节点 <code>y</code>&nbsp;，且&nbsp;<code>s[x] == s[y]</code>&nbsp;。</li>\n\t<li>如果节点 <code>y</code>&nbsp;不存在，那么不做任何修改。</li>\n\t<li>否则，将节点 <code>x</code>&nbsp;与它父亲节点之间的边 <strong>删除</strong>&nbsp;，在 <code>x</code>&nbsp;与 <code>y</code>&nbsp;之间连接一条边，使&nbsp;<code>y</code>&nbsp;变为 <code>x</code>&nbsp;新的父节点。</li>\n</ul>\n\n<p>请你返回一个长度为 <code>n</code>&nbsp;的数组&nbsp;<code>answer</code>&nbsp;，其中&nbsp;<code>answer[i]</code>&nbsp;是 <strong>最终</strong>&nbsp;树中，节点 <code>i</code>&nbsp;为根的 <span data-keyword=\"subtree\">子树</span> 的 <strong>大小</strong>&nbsp;。</p>\n\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n\n<p><strong class=\"example\">示例 1：</strong></p>\n\n<div class=\"example-block\">\n<p><span class=\"example-io\"><b>输入：</b>parent = [-1,0,0,1,1,1], s = \"abaabc\"</span></p>\n\n<p><span class=\"example-io\"><b>输出：</b>[6,3,1,1,1,1]</span></p>\n\n<p><strong>解释：</strong></p>\n\n<p><img alt=\"\" src=\"https://assets.leetcode.com/uploads/2024/08/15/graphex1drawio.png\" style=\"width: 230px; height: 277px;\" /></p>\n\n<p>节点 3 的父节点从节点 1 变为节点 0 。</p>\n</div>\n\n<p><strong class=\"example\">示例 2：</strong></p>\n\n<div class=\"example-block\">\n<p><span class=\"example-io\"><b>输入：</b>parent = [-1,0,4,0,1], s = \"abbba\"</span></p>\n\n<p><span class=\"example-io\"><b>输出：</b>[5,2,1,1,1]</span></p>\n\n<p><b>解释：</b></p>\n\n<p><img alt=\"\" src=\"https://assets.leetcode.com/uploads/2024/08/20/exgraph2drawio.png\" style=\"width: 160px; height: 308px;\" /></p>\n\n<p>以下变化会同时发生：</p>\n\n<ul>\n\t<li>节点 4 的父节点从节点 1 变为节点 0 。</li>\n\t<li>节点 2 的父节点从节点 4 变为节点 1 。</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n\n<p><strong>提示：</strong></p>\n\n<ul>\n\t<li><code>n == parent.length == s.length</code></li>\n\t<li><code>1 &lt;= n &lt;= 10<sup>5</sup></code></li>\n\t<li>对于所有的&nbsp;<code>i &gt;= 1</code>&nbsp;，都有&nbsp;<code>0 &lt;= parent[i] &lt;= n - 1</code>&nbsp;。</li>\n\t<li><code>parent[0] == -1</code></li>\n\t<li><code>parent</code>&nbsp;表示一棵合法的树。</li>\n\t<li><code>s</code>&nbsp;只包含小写英文字母。</li>\n</ul>\n",
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\\u7b2c\\u4e09\\u65b9\\u5e93\\u3002<\\/p>\"],\"python3\":[\"Python3\",\"<p>\\u7248\\u672c\\uff1a<code>Python 3.11<\\/code><\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>\\u4e3a\\u4e86\\u65b9\\u4fbf\\u8d77\\u89c1\\uff0c\\u5927\\u90e8\\u5206\\u5e38\\u7528\\u5e93\\u5df2\\u7ecf\\u88ab\\u81ea\\u52a8 \\u5bfc\\u5165\\uff0c\\u5982<a href=\\\"https:\\/\\/docs.python.org\\/3\\/library\\/array.html\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">array<\\/a>, <a href=\\\"https:\\/\\/docs.python.org\\/3\\/library\\/bisect.html\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">bisect<\\/a>, <a href=\\\"https:\\/\\/docs.python.org\\/3\\/library\\/collections.html\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">collections<\\/a>\\u3002 \\u5982\\u679c\\u60a8\\u9700\\u8981\\u4f7f\\u7528\\u5176\\u4ed6\\u5e93\\u51fd\\u6570\\uff0c\\u8bf7\\u81ea\\u884c\\u5bfc\\u5165\\u3002<\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>\\u5982\\u9700\\u4f7f\\u7528 Map\\/TreeMap \\u6570\\u636e\\u7ed3\\u6784\\uff0c\\u60a8\\u53ef\\u4f7f\\u7528 <a href=\\\"http:\\/\\/www.grantjenks.com\\/docs\\/sortedcontainers\\/\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">sortedcontainers<\\/a> \\u5e93\\u3002<\\/p>\"],\"scala\":[\"Scala\",\"<p>\\u7248\\u672c\\uff1a<code>Scala 3.3.1<\\/code><\\/p>\"],\"kotlin\":[\"Kotlin\",\"<p>\\u7248\\u672c\\uff1a<code>Kotlin 1.9.0<\\/code><\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>\\u6211\\u4eec\\u4f7f\\u7528\\u7684\\u662f JetBrains \\u63d0\\u4f9b\\u7684 experimental compiler\\u3002\\u5982\\u679c\\u60a8\\u8ba4\\u4e3a\\u60a8\\u9047\\u5230\\u4e86\\u7f16\\u8bd1\\u5668\\u76f8\\u5173\\u7684\\u95ee\\u9898\\uff0c\\u8bf7\\u5411\\u6211\\u4eec\\u53cd\\u9988<\\/p>\"],\"rust\":[\"Rust\",\"<p>\\u7248\\u672c\\uff1a<code>rust 1.79.0<\\/code><\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>\\u652f\\u6301 crates.io \\u7684 <a href=\\\"https:\\/\\/crates.io\\/crates\\/rand\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">rand<\\/a> \\u548c <a href=\\\"https:\\/\\/crates.io\\/crates\\/regex\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">regex<\\/a><\\/p>\"],\"php\":[\"PHP\",\"<p><code>PHP 8.2<\\/code>.<\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>With bcmath module.<\\/p>\"],\"typescript\":[\"TypeScript\",\"<p>TypeScript 5.1.6<\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Compile Options: --alwaysStrict --strictBindCallApply --strictFunctionTypes --target ES2022<\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p><a href=\\\"https:\\/\\/lodash.com\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">lodash.js<\\/a> \\u5e93\\u5df2\\u7ecf\\u9ed8\\u8ba4\\u88ab\\u5305\\u542b\\u3002<\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p> \\u5982\\u9700\\u4f7f\\u7528\\u961f\\u5217\\/\\u4f18\\u5148\\u961f\\u5217\\uff0c\\u60a8\\u53ef\\u4f7f\\u7528 <a href=\\\"https:\\/\\/github.com\\/datastructures-js\\/priority-queue\\/blob\\/v5\\/README.md\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\"> datastructures-js\\/priority-queue@5.4.0<\\/a>\\uff0c<a href=\\\"https:\\/\\/github.com\\/datastructures-js\\/queue\\/tree\\/v4.2.3\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\"> datastructures-js\\/queue@4.2.3<\\/a> \\u4ee5\\u53ca <a href=\\\"https:\\/\\/github.com\\/datastructures-js\\/deque\\/tree\\/v1.0.4\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\"> datastructures-js\\/deque@1.0.4<\\/a>\\u3002<\\/p>\"],\"racket\":[\"Racket\",\"<p><a href=\\\"https:\\/\\/docs.racket-lang.org\\/guide\\/performance.html#%28tech._c%29\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">Racket CS<\\/a> v8.15<\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>\\u4f7f\\u7528 #lang racket<\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>\\u5df2\\u9884\\u5148 (require data\\/gvector data\\/queue data\\/order data\\/heap). \\u82e5\\u9700\\u4f7f\\u7528\\u5176\\u5b83\\u6570\\u636e\\u7ed3\\u6784\\uff0c\\u53ef\\u81ea\\u884c require\\u3002<\\/p>\"],\"erlang\":[\"Erlang\",\"Erlang\\/OTP 26\"],\"elixir\":[\"Elixir\",\"Elixir 1.17 with Erlang\\/OTP 26\"],\"dart\":[\"Dart\",\"<p>Dart 3.2\\u3002\\u60a8\\u53ef\\u4ee5\\u4f7f\\u7528 <a href=\\\"https:\\/\\/pub.dev\\/packages\\/collection\\/versions\\/1.18.0\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">collection<\\/a> \\u5305<\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>\\u60a8\\u7684\\u4ee3\\u7801\\u5c06\\u4f1a\\u88ab\\u4e0d\\u7f16\\u8bd1\\u76f4\\u63a5\\u8fd0\\u884c<\\/p>\"],\"cangjie\":[\"Cangjie\",\"<p>\\u7248\\u672c\\uff1a0.53.11 (cjnative)<\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>\\u7f16\\u8bd1\\u53c2\\u6570\\uff1a<code>-O2 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