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49 lines
2.4 KiB
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49 lines
2.4 KiB
HTML
<p>Implement a first in first out (FIFO) queue using only two stacks. The implemented queue should support all the functions of a normal queue (<code>push</code>, <code>peek</code>, <code>pop</code>, and <code>empty</code>).</p>
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<p>Implement the <code>MyQueue</code> class:</p>
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<ul>
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<li><code>void push(int x)</code> Pushes element x to the back of the queue.</li>
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<li><code>int pop()</code> Removes the element from the front of the queue and returns it.</li>
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<li><code>int peek()</code> Returns the element at the front of the queue.</li>
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<li><code>boolean empty()</code> Returns <code>true</code> if the queue is empty, <code>false</code> otherwise.</li>
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</ul>
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<p><strong>Notes:</strong></p>
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<ul>
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<li>You must use <strong>only</strong> standard operations of a stack, which means only <code>push to top</code>, <code>peek/pop from top</code>, <code>size</code>, and <code>is empty</code> operations are valid.</li>
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<li>Depending on your language, the stack may not be supported natively. You may simulate a stack using a list or deque (double-ended queue) as long as you use only a stack's standard operations.</li>
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</ul>
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<p> </p>
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<p><strong class="example">Example 1:</strong></p>
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<pre>
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<strong>Input</strong>
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["MyQueue", "push", "push", "peek", "pop", "empty"]
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[[], [1], [2], [], [], []]
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<strong>Output</strong>
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[null, null, null, 1, 1, false]
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<strong>Explanation</strong>
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MyQueue myQueue = new MyQueue();
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myQueue.push(1); // queue is: [1]
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myQueue.push(2); // queue is: [1, 2] (leftmost is front of the queue)
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myQueue.peek(); // return 1
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myQueue.pop(); // return 1, queue is [2]
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myQueue.empty(); // return false
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</pre>
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<p> </p>
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<p><strong>Constraints:</strong></p>
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<ul>
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<li><code>1 <= x <= 9</code></li>
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<li>At most <code>100</code> calls will be made to <code>push</code>, <code>pop</code>, <code>peek</code>, and <code>empty</code>.</li>
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<li>All the calls to <code>pop</code> and <code>peek</code> are valid.</li>
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</ul>
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<p> </p>
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<p><strong>Follow-up:</strong> Can you implement the queue such that each operation is <strong><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amortized_analysis" target="_blank">amortized</a></strong> <code>O(1)</code> time complexity? In other words, performing <code>n</code> operations will take overall <code>O(n)</code> time even if one of those operations may take longer.</p>
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