{ "data": { "question": { "questionId": "1000028", "questionFrontendId": "面试题 17.20", "categoryTitle": "LCCI", "boundTopicId": 93294, "title": "Continuous Median LCCI", "titleSlug": "continuous-median-lcci", "content": "

Numbers are randomly generated and passed to a method. Write a program to find and maintain the median value as new values are generated.

\r\n\r\n

Median is the middle value in an ordered integer list. If the size of the list is even, there is no middle value. So the median is the mean of the two middle value.

\r\n\r\n

For example,

\r\n\r\n

[2,3,4], the median is 3

\r\n\r\n

[2,3], the median is (2 + 3) / 2 = 2.5

\r\n\r\n

Design a data structure that supports the following two operations:

\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Example:

\r\n\r\n
\r\naddNum(1)\r\naddNum(2)\r\nfindMedian() -> 1.5\r\naddNum(3) \r\nfindMedian() -> 2\r\n
\r\n", "translatedTitle": "连续中值", "translatedContent": "

随机产生数字并传递给一个方法。你能否完成这个方法，在每次产生新值时，寻找当前所有值的中间值（中位数）并保存。

\n\n

中位数是有序列表中间的数。如果列表长度是偶数，中位数则是中间两个数的平均值。

\n\n

例如，

\n\n

[2,3,4] 的中位数是 3

\n\n

[2,3] 的中位数是 (2 + 3) / 2 = 2.5

\n\n

设计一个支持以下两种操作的数据结构：

\n\n\n\n

示例：

\n\n
addNum(1)\naddNum(2)\nfindMedian() -> 1.5\naddNum(3) \nfindMedian() -> 2\n
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MedianFinder object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * MedianFinder obj = new MedianFinder();\n * obj.addNum(num);\n * double param_2 = obj.findMedian();\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Python", "langSlug": "python", "code": "class MedianFinder(object):\n\n def __init__(self):\n \"\"\"\n initialize your data structure here.\n \"\"\"\n\n\n def addNum(self, num):\n \"\"\"\n :type num: int\n :rtype: None\n \"\"\"\n\n\n def findMedian(self):\n \"\"\"\n :rtype: float\n \"\"\"\n\n\n\n# Your MedianFinder object will be instantiated and called as such:\n# obj = MedianFinder()\n# obj.addNum(num)\n# param_2 = obj.findMedian()", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Python3", "langSlug": "python3", "code": "class MedianFinder:\n\n def __init__(self):\n \"\"\"\n initialize your data structure here.\n \"\"\"\n\n\n def addNum(self, num: int) -> None:\n\n\n def findMedian(self) -> float:\n\n\n\n# Your MedianFinder object will be instantiated and called as such:\n# obj = MedianFinder()\n# obj.addNum(num)\n# param_2 = obj.findMedian()", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "C", "langSlug": "c", "code": "\n\n\ntypedef struct {\n\n} MedianFinder;\n\n/** initialize your data structure here. */\n\nMedianFinder* medianFinderCreate() {\n\n}\n\nvoid medianFinderAddNum(MedianFinder* obj, int num) {\n\n}\n\ndouble medianFinderFindMedian(MedianFinder* obj) {\n\n}\n\nvoid medianFinderFree(MedianFinder* obj) {\n\n}\n\n/**\n * Your MedianFinder struct will be instantiated and called as such:\n * MedianFinder* obj = medianFinderCreate();\n * medianFinderAddNum(obj, num);\n \n * double param_2 = medianFinderFindMedian(obj);\n \n * medianFinderFree(obj);\n*/", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "C#", "langSlug": "csharp", "code": "public class MedianFinder {\n\n /** initialize your data structure here. */\n public MedianFinder() {\n\n }\n \n public void AddNum(int num) {\n\n }\n \n public double FindMedian() {\n\n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your MedianFinder object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * MedianFinder obj = new MedianFinder();\n * obj.AddNum(num);\n * double param_2 = obj.FindMedian();\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "JavaScript", "langSlug": "javascript", "code": "/**\n * initialize your data structure here.\n */\nvar MedianFinder = function() {\n\n};\n\n/** \n * @param {number} num\n * @return {void}\n */\nMedianFinder.prototype.addNum = function(num) {\n\n};\n\n/**\n * @return {number}\n */\nMedianFinder.prototype.findMedian = function() {\n\n};\n\n/**\n * Your MedianFinder object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * var obj = new MedianFinder()\n * obj.addNum(num)\n * var param_2 = obj.findMedian()\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "TypeScript", "langSlug": "typescript", "code": "class MedianFinder {\n constructor() {\n\n }\n\n addNum(num: number): void {\n\n }\n\n findMedian(): number {\n\n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your MedianFinder object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * var obj = new MedianFinder()\n * obj.addNum(num)\n * var param_2 = obj.findMedian()\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "PHP", "langSlug": "php", "code": "class MedianFinder {\n /**\n * initialize your data structure here.\n */\n function __construct() {\n\n }\n\n /**\n * @param Integer $num\n * @return NULL\n */\n function addNum($num) {\n\n }\n\n /**\n * @return Float\n */\n function findMedian() {\n\n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your MedianFinder object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * $obj = MedianFinder();\n * $obj->addNum($num);\n * $ret_2 = $obj->findMedian();\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Swift", "langSlug": "swift", "code": "\nclass MedianFinder {\n\n /** initialize your data structure here. */\n init() {\n\n }\n \n func addNum(_ num: Int) {\n\n }\n \n func findMedian() -> Double {\n\n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your MedianFinder object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * let obj = MedianFinder()\n * obj.addNum(num)\n * let ret_2: Double = obj.findMedian()\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Kotlin", "langSlug": "kotlin", "code": "class MedianFinder() {\n\n /** initialize your data structure here. */\n\n\n fun addNum(num: Int) {\n\n }\n\n fun findMedian(): Double {\n\n }\n\n}\n\n/**\n * Your MedianFinder object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * var obj = MedianFinder()\n * obj.addNum(num)\n * var param_2 = obj.findMedian()\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Dart", "langSlug": "dart", "code": "class MedianFinder {\n\n /** initialize your data structure here. */\n MedianFinder() {\n\n }\n \n void addNum(int num) {\n\n }\n \n double findMedian() {\n\n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your MedianFinder object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * MedianFinder obj = MedianFinder();\n * obj.addNum(num);\n * double param2 = obj.findMedian();\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Go", "langSlug": "golang", "code": "type MedianFinder struct {\n\n}\n\n\n/** initialize your data structure here. */\nfunc Constructor() MedianFinder {\n\n}\n\n\nfunc (this *MedianFinder) AddNum(num int) {\n\n}\n\n\nfunc (this *MedianFinder) FindMedian() float64 {\n\n}\n\n\n/**\n * Your MedianFinder object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * obj := Constructor();\n * obj.AddNum(num);\n * param_2 := obj.FindMedian();\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Ruby", "langSlug": "ruby", "code": "class MedianFinder\n\n=begin\n initialize your data structure here.\n=end\n def initialize()\n\n end\n\n\n=begin\n :type num: Integer\n :rtype: Void\n=end\n def add_num(num)\n\n end\n\n\n=begin\n :rtype: Float\n=end\n def find_median()\n\n end\n\n\nend\n\n# Your MedianFinder object will be instantiated and called as such:\n# obj = MedianFinder.new()\n# obj.add_num(num)\n# param_2 = obj.find_median()", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Scala", "langSlug": "scala", "code": "class MedianFinder() {\n\n /** initialize your data structure here. */\n\n\n def addNum(num: Int) {\n\n }\n\n def findMedian(): Double = {\n\n }\n\n}\n\n/**\n * Your MedianFinder object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * var obj = new MedianFinder()\n * obj.addNum(num)\n * var param_2 = obj.findMedian()\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Rust", "langSlug": "rust", "code": "struct MedianFinder {\n\n}\n\n\n/**\n * `&self` means the method takes an immutable reference.\n * If you need a mutable reference, change it to `&mut self` instead.\n */\nimpl MedianFinder {\n\n /** initialize your data structure here. */\n fn new() -> Self {\n\n }\n \n fn add_num(&self, num: i32) {\n\n }\n \n fn find_median(&self) -> f64 {\n\n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your MedianFinder object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * let obj = MedianFinder::new();\n * obj.add_num(num);\n * let ret_2: f64 = obj.find_median();\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Racket", "langSlug": "racket", "code": "(define median-finder%\n (class object%\n (super-new)\n (init-field)\n \n ; add-num : exact-integer? -> void?\n (define/public (add-num num)\n\n )\n ; find-median : -> flonum?\n (define/public (find-median)\n\n )))\n\n;; Your median-finder% object will be instantiated and called as such:\n;; (define obj (new median-finder%))\n;; (send obj add-num num)\n;; (define param_2 (send obj find-median))", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Erlang", "langSlug": "erlang", "code": "-spec median_finder_init_() -> any().\nmedian_finder_init_() ->\n .\n\n-spec median_finder_add_num(Num :: integer()) -> any().\nmedian_finder_add_num(Num) ->\n .\n\n-spec median_finder_find_median() -> float().\nmedian_finder_find_median() ->\n .\n\n\n%% Your functions will be called as such:\n%% median_finder_init_(),\n%% median_finder_add_num(Num),\n%% Param_2 = median_finder_find_median(),\n\n%% median_finder_init_ will be called before every test case, in which you can do some necessary initializations.", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Elixir", "langSlug": "elixir", "code": "defmodule MedianFinder do\n @spec init_() :: any\n def init_() do\n\n end\n\n @spec add_num(num :: integer) :: any\n def add_num(num) do\n\n end\n\n @spec find_median() :: float\n def find_median() do\n\n end\nend\n\n# Your functions will be called as such:\n# MedianFinder.init_()\n# MedianFinder.add_num(num)\n# param_2 = MedianFinder.find_median()\n\n# MedianFinder.init_ will be called before every test case, in which you can do some necessary initializations.", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" } ], "stats": "{\"totalAccepted\": \"7.3K\", \"totalSubmission\": \"12.5K\", \"totalAcceptedRaw\": 7290, \"totalSubmissionRaw\": 12451, \"acRate\": \"58.5%\"}", "hints": [ "回想一下，中位数是指比一半数字更大、一半数字更小的数字。", "注意，必须存储见过的所有元素。即使是前100个元素中最小的元素也可以成为中间值。你不能抛弃较大或较小的元素。", "另一种思考方法是：你能维护元素的下半部分和上半部分吗?", "如果使用堆呢？或是两个堆？" ], "solution": null, "status": null, "sampleTestCase": 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