{ "data": { "question": { "questionId": "773", "questionFrontendId": "558", "boundTopicId": null, "title": "Logical OR of Two Binary Grids Represented as Quad-Trees", "titleSlug": "logical-or-of-two-binary-grids-represented-as-quad-trees", "content": "

A Binary Matrix is a matrix in which all the elements are either 0 or 1.

\n\n

Given quadTree1 and quadTree2. quadTree1 represents a n * n binary matrix and quadTree2 represents another n * n binary matrix.

\n\n

Return a Quad-Tree representing the n * n binary matrix which is the result of logical bitwise OR of the two binary matrixes represented by quadTree1 and quadTree2.

\n\n

Notice that you can assign the value of a node to True or False when isLeaf is False, and both are accepted in the answer.

\n\n

A Quad-Tree is a tree data structure in which each internal node has exactly four children. Besides, each node has two attributes:

\n\n\n\n
\nclass Node {\n    public boolean val;\n    public boolean isLeaf;\n    public Node topLeft;\n    public Node topRight;\n    public Node bottomLeft;\n    public Node bottomRight;\n}
\n\n

We can construct a Quad-Tree from a two-dimensional area using the following steps:

\n\n
    \n\t
  1. If the current grid has the same value (i.e all 1's or all 0's) set isLeaf True and set val to the value of the grid and set the four children to Null and stop.
  2. \n\t
  3. If the current grid has different values, set isLeaf to False and set val to any value and divide the current grid into four sub-grids as shown in the photo.
  4. \n\t
  5. Recurse for each of the children with the proper sub-grid.
  6. \n
\n\"\"\n

If you want to know more about the Quad-Tree, you can refer to the wiki.

\n\n

Quad-Tree format:

\n\n

The input/output represents the serialized format of a Quad-Tree using level order traversal, where null signifies a path terminator where no node exists below.

\n\n

It is very similar to the serialization of the binary tree. The only difference is that the node is represented as a list [isLeaf, val].

\n\n

If the value of isLeaf or val is True we represent it as 1 in the list [isLeaf, val] and if the value of isLeaf or val is False we represent it as 0.

\n\n

 

\n

Example 1:

\n\"\" \"\"\n
\nInput: quadTree1 = [[0,1],[1,1],[1,1],[1,0],[1,0]]\n, quadTree2 = [[0,1],[1,1],[0,1],[1,1],[1,0],null,null,null,null,[1,0],[1,0],[1,1],[1,1]]\nOutput: [[0,0],[1,1],[1,1],[1,1],[1,0]]\nExplanation: quadTree1 and quadTree2 are shown above. You can see the binary matrix which is represented by each Quad-Tree.\nIf we apply logical bitwise OR on the two binary matrices we get the binary matrix below which is represented by the result Quad-Tree.\nNotice that the binary matrices shown are only for illustration, you don't have to construct the binary matrix to get the result tree.\n\"\"\n
\n\n

Example 2:

\n\n
\nInput: quadTree1 = [[1,0]], quadTree2 = [[1,0]]\nOutput: [[1,0]]\nExplanation: Each tree represents a binary matrix of size 1*1. Each matrix contains only zero.\nThe resulting matrix is of size 1*1 with also zero.\n
\n\n

 

\n

Constraints:

\n\n\n", "translatedTitle": null, "translatedContent": null, "isPaidOnly": false, "difficulty": "Medium", "likes": 180, "dislikes": 466, "isLiked": null, "similarQuestions": "[]", "exampleTestcases": "[[0,1],[1,1],[1,1],[1,0],[1,0]]\n[[0,1],[1,1],[0,1],[1,1],[1,0],null,null,null,null,[1,0],[1,0],[1,1],[1,1]]\n[[1,0]]\n[[1,0]]", "categoryTitle": "Algorithms", "contributors": [], "topicTags": [ { "name": "Divide and Conquer", "slug": "divide-and-conquer", "translatedName": null, "__typename": "TopicTagNode" }, { "name": "Tree", "slug": "tree", "translatedName": null, "__typename": "TopicTagNode" } ], "companyTagStats": null, "codeSnippets": [ { "lang": "C++", "langSlug": "cpp", "code": "/*\n// Definition for a QuadTree node.\nclass Node {\npublic:\n bool val;\n bool isLeaf;\n Node* topLeft;\n Node* topRight;\n Node* bottomLeft;\n Node* bottomRight;\n \n Node() {\n val = false;\n isLeaf = false;\n topLeft = NULL;\n topRight = NULL;\n bottomLeft = NULL;\n bottomRight = NULL;\n }\n \n Node(bool _val, bool _isLeaf) {\n val = _val;\n isLeaf = _isLeaf;\n topLeft = NULL;\n topRight = NULL;\n bottomLeft = NULL;\n bottomRight = NULL;\n }\n \n Node(bool _val, bool _isLeaf, Node* _topLeft, Node* _topRight, Node* _bottomLeft, Node* _bottomRight) {\n val = _val;\n isLeaf = _isLeaf;\n topLeft = _topLeft;\n topRight = _topRight;\n bottomLeft = _bottomLeft;\n bottomRight = _bottomRight;\n }\n};\n*/\n\nclass Solution {\npublic:\n Node* intersect(Node* quadTree1, Node* quadTree2) {\n \n }\n};", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Java", "langSlug": "java", "code": "/*\n// Definition for a QuadTree node.\nclass Node {\n public boolean val;\n public boolean isLeaf;\n public Node topLeft;\n public Node topRight;\n public Node bottomLeft;\n public Node bottomRight;\n\n public Node() {}\n\n public Node(boolean _val,boolean _isLeaf,Node _topLeft,Node _topRight,Node _bottomLeft,Node _bottomRight) {\n val = _val;\n isLeaf = _isLeaf;\n topLeft = _topLeft;\n topRight = _topRight;\n bottomLeft = _bottomLeft;\n bottomRight = _bottomRight;\n }\n};\n*/\n\nclass Solution {\n public Node intersect(Node quadTree1, Node quadTree2) {\n \n }\n}", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Python", "langSlug": "python", "code": "\"\"\"\n# Definition for a QuadTree node.\nclass Node(object):\n def __init__(self, val, isLeaf, topLeft, topRight, bottomLeft, bottomRight):\n self.val = val\n self.isLeaf = isLeaf\n self.topLeft = topLeft\n self.topRight = topRight\n self.bottomLeft = bottomLeft\n self.bottomRight = bottomRight\n\"\"\"\n\nclass Solution(object):\n def intersect(self, quadTree1, quadTree2):\n \"\"\"\n :type quadTree1: Node\n :type quadTree2: Node\n :rtype: Node\n \"\"\"\n ", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Python3", "langSlug": "python3", "code": "\"\"\"\n# Definition for a QuadTree node.\nclass Node:\n def __init__(self, val, isLeaf, topLeft, topRight, bottomLeft, bottomRight):\n self.val = val\n self.isLeaf = isLeaf\n self.topLeft = topLeft\n self.topRight = topRight\n self.bottomLeft = bottomLeft\n self.bottomRight = bottomRight\n\"\"\"\n\nclass Solution:\n def intersect(self, quadTree1: 'Node', quadTree2: 'Node') -> 'Node':\n ", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "C#", "langSlug": "csharp", "code": "/*\n// Definition for a QuadTree node.\npublic class Node {\n public bool val;\n public bool isLeaf;\n public Node topLeft;\n public Node topRight;\n public Node bottomLeft;\n public Node bottomRight;\n\n public Node(){}\n public Node(bool _val,bool _isLeaf,Node _topLeft,Node _topRight,Node _bottomLeft,Node _bottomRight) {\n val = _val;\n isLeaf = _isLeaf;\n topLeft = _topLeft;\n topRight = _topRight;\n bottomLeft = _bottomLeft;\n bottomRight = _bottomRight;\n }\n}\n*/\n\npublic class Solution {\n public Node Intersect(Node quadTree1, Node quadTree2) {\n \n }\n}", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "JavaScript", "langSlug": "javascript", "code": "/**\n * // Definition for a QuadTree node.\n * function Node(val,isLeaf,topLeft,topRight,bottomLeft,bottomRight) {\n * this.val = val;\n * this.isLeaf = isLeaf;\n * this.topLeft = topLeft;\n * this.topRight = topRight;\n * this.bottomLeft = bottomLeft;\n * this.bottomRight = bottomRight;\n * };\n */\n\n/**\n * @param {Node} quadTree1\n * @param {Node} quadTree2\n * @return {Node}\n */\nvar intersect = function(quadTree1, quadTree2) {\n \n};", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "TypeScript", "langSlug": "typescript", "code": "/**\n * Definition for node.\n * class Node {\n * val: boolean\n * isLeaf: boolean\n * topLeft: Node | null\n * topRight: Node | null\n * bottomLeft: Node | null\n * bottomRight: Node | null\n * constructor(val?: boolean, isLeaf?: boolean, topLeft?: Node, topRight?: Node, bottomLeft?: Node, bottomRight?: Node) {\n * this.val = (val===undefined ? false : val)\n * this.isLeaf = (isLeaf===undefined ? false : isLeaf)\n * this.topLeft = (topLeft===undefined ? null : topLeft)\n * this.topRight = (topRight===undefined ? null : topRight)\n * this.bottomLeft = (bottomLeft===undefined ? null : bottomLeft)\n * this.bottomRight = (bottomRight===undefined ? null : bottomRight)\n * }\n * }\n */\n\nfunction intersect(quadTree1: Node | null, quadTree2: Node | null): Node | null {\n\n};", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "PHP", "langSlug": "php", "code": "/**\n * Definition for a QuadTree node.\n * class Node {\n * public $val = null;\n * public $isLeaf = null;\n * public $topLeft = null;\n * public $topRight = null;\n * public $bottomLeft = null;\n * public $bottomRight = null;\n * function __construct($val, $isLeaf) {\n * $this->val = $val;\n * $this->isLeaf = $isLeaf;\n * $this->topLeft = null;\n * $this->topRight = null;\n * $this->bottomLeft = null;\n * $this->bottomRight = null;\n * }\n * }\n */\n\nclass Solution {\n /**\n * @param Node $quadTree1\n * @param Node $quadTree2\n * @return Node\n */\n function intersect($quadTree1, $quadTree2) {\n \n }\n}", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Swift", "langSlug": "swift", "code": "/**\n * Definition for a Node.\n * public class Node {\n * public var val: Bool\n * public var isLeaf: Bool\n * public var topLeft: Node?\n * public var topRight: Node?\n * public var bottomLeft: Node?\n * public var bottomRight: Node?\n * public init(_ val: Bool, _ isLeaf: Bool) {\n * self.val = val\n * self.isLeaf = isLeaf\n * self.topLeft = nil\n * self.topRight = nil\n * self.bottomLeft = nil\n * self.bottomRight = nil\n * }\n * }\n */\n\nclass Solution {\n func intersect(_ quadTree1: Node?, _ quadTree2: Node?) -> Node? {\n \n }\n}", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Kotlin", "langSlug": "kotlin", "code": "/**\n * Definition for a QuadTree node.\n * class Node(var `val`: Boolean, var isLeaf: Boolean) {\n * var topLeft: Node? = null\n * var topRight: Node? = null\n * var bottomLeft: Node? = null\n * var bottomRight: Node? = null\n * }\n */\n\nclass Solution {\n fun intersect(quadTree1: Node?, quadTree2: Node?): Node? {\n \n }\n}", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Go", "langSlug": "golang", "code": "/**\n * Definition for a QuadTree node.\n * type Node struct {\n * Val bool\n * IsLeaf bool\n * TopLeft *Node\n * TopRight *Node\n * BottomLeft *Node\n * BottomRight *Node\n * }\n */\n\nfunc intersect(quadTree1 *Node, quadTree2 *Node) *Node {\n \n}", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Ruby", "langSlug": "ruby", "code": "# Definition for a QuadTree node.\n# class Node\n# attr_accessor :val, :isLeaf, :topLeft, :topRight, :bottomLeft, :bottomRight\n# def initialize(val=false, isLeaf=false, topLeft=nil, topRight=nil, bottomLeft=nil, bottomRight=nil)\n# @val = val\n# @isLeaf = isLeaf\n# @topLeft = topLeft\n# @topRight = topRight\n# @bottomLeft = bottomLeft\n# @bottomRight = bottomRight\n# end\n# end\n\n# @param {Node} quadTree1\n# @param {Node} quadTree2\n# @return {Node}\ndef intersect(quadTree1, quadTree2)\n\t\nend\n", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Scala", "langSlug": "scala", "code": "/**\n * Definition for a QuadTree node.\n * class Node(var _value: Boolean, var _isLeaf: Boolean) {\n * var value: Int = _value\n * var isLeaf: Boolean = _isLeaf\n * var topLeft: Node = null\n * var topRight: Node = null\n * var bottomLeft: Node = null\n * var bottomRight: Node = null\n * }\n */\n\nobject Solution {\n def intersect(quadTree1: Node, quadTree2: Node): Node = {\n \n }\n}", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" } ], "stats": "{\"totalAccepted\": \"13.8K\", \"totalSubmission\": \"28.2K\", \"totalAcceptedRaw\": 13830, \"totalSubmissionRaw\": 28184, \"acRate\": \"49.1%\"}", "hints": [], "solution": null, "status": null, "sampleTestCase": "[[0,1],[1,1],[1,1],[1,0],[1,0]]\n[[0,1],[1,1],[0,1],[1,1],[1,0],null,null,null,null,[1,0],[1,0],[1,1],[1,1]]", "metaData": "{\n \"name\": \"intersect\",\n \"params\": [\n {\n \"name\": \"quadTree1\",\n \"type\": \"integer[][]\"\n },\n {\n \"name\": \"quadTree2\",\n \"type\": \"integer[][]\"\n }\n ],\n \"return\": {\n \"type\": \"integer[][]\"\n },\n \"languages\": [\n \"cpp\",\n \"java\",\n \"python\",\n \"csharp\",\n \"javascript\",\n \"python3\",\n \"kotlin\",\n \"ruby\",\n \"scala\",\n \"swift\",\n \"golang\",\n \"php\",\n \"typescript\"\n ],\n \"manual\": true\n}", "judgerAvailable": true, "judgeType": "large", "mysqlSchemas": [], "enableRunCode": true, "enableTestMode": false, "enableDebugger": true, "envInfo": "{\"cpp\": [\"C++\", \"

Compiled with clang 11 using the latest C++ 20 standard.

\\r\\n\\r\\n

Your code is compiled with level two optimization (-O2). AddressSanitizer is also enabled to help detect out-of-bounds and use-after-free bugs.

\\r\\n\\r\\n

Most standard library headers are already included automatically for your convenience.

\"], \"java\": [\"Java\", \"

OpenJDK 17. Java 8 features such as lambda expressions and stream API can be used.

\\r\\n\\r\\n

Most standard library headers are already included automatically for your convenience.

\\r\\n

Includes Pair class from https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/javafx/api/javafx/util/Pair.html.

\"], \"python\": [\"Python\", \"

Python 2.7.12.

\\r\\n\\r\\n

Most libraries are already imported automatically for your convenience, such as array, bisect, collections. If you need more libraries, you can import it yourself.

\\r\\n\\r\\n

For Map/TreeMap data structure, you may use sortedcontainers library.

\\r\\n\\r\\n

Note that Python 2.7 will not be maintained past 2020. For the latest Python, please choose Python3 instead.

\"], \"csharp\": [\"C#\", \"

C# 10 with .NET 6 runtime

\"], \"javascript\": [\"JavaScript\", \"

Node.js 16.13.2.

\\r\\n\\r\\n

Your code is run with --harmony flag, enabling new ES6 features.

\\r\\n\\r\\n

lodash.js library is included by default.

\\r\\n\\r\\n

For Priority Queue / Queue data structures, you may use 5.3.0 version of datastructures-js/priority-queue and 4.2.1 version of datastructures-js/queue.

\"], \"ruby\": [\"Ruby\", \"

Ruby 3.1

\\r\\n\\r\\n

Some common data structure implementations are provided in the Algorithms module: https://www.rubydoc.info/github/kanwei/algorithms/Algorithms

\"], \"swift\": [\"Swift\", \"

Swift 5.5.2.

\"], \"golang\": [\"Go\", \"

Go 1.21

\\r\\n

Support https://godoc.org/github.com/emirpasic/gods@v1.18.1 library.

\"], \"python3\": [\"Python3\", \"

Python 3.10.

\\r\\n\\r\\n

Most libraries are already imported automatically for your convenience, such as array, bisect, collections. If you need more libraries, you can import it yourself.

\\r\\n\\r\\n

For Map/TreeMap data structure, you may use sortedcontainers library.

\"], \"scala\": [\"Scala\", \"

Scala 2.13.7.

\"], \"kotlin\": [\"Kotlin\", \"

Kotlin 1.9.0.

\"], \"php\": [\"PHP\", \"

PHP 8.1.

\\r\\n

With bcmath module

\"], \"typescript\": [\"Typescript\", \"

TypeScript 5.1.6, Node.js 16.13.2.

\\r\\n\\r\\n

Your code is run with --harmony flag, enabling new ES2022 features.

\\r\\n\\r\\n

lodash.js library is included by default.

\"]}", "libraryUrl": null, "adminUrl": null, "challengeQuestion": null, "__typename": "QuestionNode" } } }