{ "data": { "question": { "questionId": "384", "questionFrontendId": "384", "boundTopicId": null, "title": "Shuffle an Array", "titleSlug": "shuffle-an-array", "content": "<p>Given an integer array <code>nums</code>, design an algorithm to randomly shuffle the array. All permutations of the array should be <strong>equally likely</strong> as a result of the shuffling.</p>\n\n<p>Implement the <code>Solution</code> class:</p>\n\n<ul>\n\t<li><code>Solution(int[] nums)</code> Initializes the object with the integer array <code>nums</code>.</li>\n\t<li><code>int[] reset()</code> Resets the array to its original configuration and returns it.</li>\n\t<li><code>int[] shuffle()</code> Returns a random shuffling of the array.</li>\n</ul>\n\n<p> </p>\n<p><strong>Example 1:</strong></p>\n\n<pre>\n<strong>Input</strong>\n["Solution", "shuffle", "reset", "shuffle"]\n[[[1, 2, 3]], [], [], []]\n<strong>Output</strong>\n[null, [3, 1, 2], [1, 2, 3], [1, 3, 2]]\n\n<strong>Explanation</strong>\nSolution solution = new Solution([1, 2, 3]);\nsolution.shuffle(); // Shuffle the array [1,2,3] and return its result.\n // Any permutation of [1,2,3] must be equally likely to be returned.\n // Example: return [3, 1, 2]\nsolution.reset(); // Resets the array back to its original configuration [1,2,3]. Return [1, 2, 3]\nsolution.shuffle(); // Returns the random shuffling of array [1,2,3]. Example: return [1, 3, 2]\n\n</pre>\n\n<p> </p>\n<p><strong>Constraints:</strong></p>\n\n<ul>\n\t<li><code>1 <= nums.length <= 200</code></li>\n\t<li><code>-10<sup>6</sup> <= nums[i] <= 10<sup>6</sup></code></li>\n\t<li>All the elements of <code>nums</code> are <strong>unique</strong>.</li>\n\t<li>At most <code>5 * 10<sup>4</sup></code> calls <strong>in total</strong> will be made to <code>reset</code> and <code>shuffle</code>.</li>\n</ul>\n", "translatedTitle": null, "translatedContent": null, "isPaidOnly": false, "difficulty": "Medium", "likes": 721, "dislikes": 630, "isLiked": null, "similarQuestions": "[]", "exampleTestcases": "[\"Solution\",\"shuffle\",\"reset\",\"shuffle\"]\n[[[1,2,3]],[],[],[]]", "categoryTitle": "Algorithms", "contributors": [], "topicTags": [ { "name": "Array", "slug": "array", "translatedName": null, "__typename": "TopicTagNode" }, { "name": "Math", "slug": "math", "translatedName": null, "__typename": "TopicTagNode" }, { "name": "Randomized", "slug": "randomized", "translatedName": null, "__typename": "TopicTagNode" } ], "companyTagStats": null, "codeSnippets": [ { "lang": "C++", "langSlug": "cpp", "code": "class Solution {\npublic:\n Solution(vector<int>& nums) {\n \n }\n \n vector<int> reset() {\n \n }\n \n vector<int> shuffle() {\n \n }\n};\n\n/**\n * Your Solution object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * Solution* obj = new Solution(nums);\n * vector<int> param_1 = obj->reset();\n * vector<int> param_2 = obj->shuffle();\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Java", "langSlug": "java", "code": "class Solution {\n\n public Solution(int[] nums) {\n \n }\n \n public int[] reset() {\n \n }\n \n public int[] shuffle() {\n \n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your Solution object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * Solution obj = new Solution(nums);\n * int[] param_1 = obj.reset();\n * int[] param_2 = obj.shuffle();\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Python", "langSlug": "python", "code": "class Solution(object):\n\n def __init__(self, nums):\n \"\"\"\n :type nums: List[int]\n \"\"\"\n \n\n def reset(self):\n \"\"\"\n :rtype: List[int]\n \"\"\"\n \n\n def shuffle(self):\n \"\"\"\n :rtype: List[int]\n \"\"\"\n \n\n\n# Your Solution object will be instantiated and called as such:\n# obj = Solution(nums)\n# param_1 = obj.reset()\n# param_2 = obj.shuffle()", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Python3", "langSlug": "python3", "code": "class Solution:\n\n def __init__(self, nums: List[int]):\n \n\n def reset(self) -> List[int]:\n \n\n def shuffle(self) -> List[int]:\n \n\n\n# Your Solution object will be instantiated and called as such:\n# obj = Solution(nums)\n# param_1 = obj.reset()\n# param_2 = obj.shuffle()", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "C", "langSlug": "c", "code": "\n\n\ntypedef struct {\n \n} Solution;\n\n\nSolution* solutionCreate(int* nums, int numsSize) {\n \n}\n\nint* solutionReset(Solution* obj, int* retSize) {\n \n}\n\nint* solutionShuffle(Solution* obj, int* retSize) {\n \n}\n\nvoid solutionFree(Solution* obj) {\n \n}\n\n/**\n * Your Solution struct will be instantiated and called as such:\n * Solution* obj = solutionCreate(nums, numsSize);\n * int* param_1 = solutionReset(obj, retSize);\n \n * int* param_2 = solutionShuffle(obj, retSize);\n \n * solutionFree(obj);\n*/", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "C#", "langSlug": "csharp", "code": "public class Solution {\n\n public Solution(int[] nums) {\n \n }\n \n public int[] Reset() {\n \n }\n \n public int[] Shuffle() {\n \n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your Solution object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * Solution obj = new Solution(nums);\n * int[] param_1 = obj.Reset();\n * int[] param_2 = obj.Shuffle();\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "JavaScript", "langSlug": "javascript", "code": "/**\n * @param {number[]} nums\n */\nvar Solution = function(nums) {\n \n};\n\n/**\n * @return {number[]}\n */\nSolution.prototype.reset = function() {\n \n};\n\n/**\n * @return {number[]}\n */\nSolution.prototype.shuffle = function() {\n \n};\n\n/** \n * Your Solution object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * var obj = new Solution(nums)\n * var param_1 = obj.reset()\n * var param_2 = obj.shuffle()\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Ruby", "langSlug": "ruby", "code": "class Solution\n\n=begin\n :type nums: Integer[]\n=end\n def initialize(nums)\n \n end\n\n\n=begin\n :rtype: Integer[]\n=end\n def reset()\n \n end\n\n\n=begin\n :rtype: Integer[]\n=end\n def shuffle()\n \n end\n\n\nend\n\n# Your Solution object will be instantiated and called as such:\n# obj = Solution.new(nums)\n# param_1 = obj.reset()\n# param_2 = obj.shuffle()", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Swift", "langSlug": "swift", "code": "\nclass Solution {\n\n init(_ nums: [Int]) {\n \n }\n \n func reset() -> [Int] {\n \n }\n \n func shuffle() -> [Int] {\n \n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your Solution object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * let obj = Solution(nums)\n * let ret_1: [Int] = obj.reset()\n * let ret_2: [Int] = obj.shuffle()\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Go", "langSlug": "golang", "code": "type Solution struct {\n \n}\n\n\nfunc Constructor(nums []int) Solution {\n \n}\n\n\nfunc (this *Solution) Reset() []int {\n \n}\n\n\nfunc (this *Solution) Shuffle() []int {\n \n}\n\n\n/**\n * Your Solution object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * obj := Constructor(nums);\n * param_1 := obj.Reset();\n * param_2 := obj.Shuffle();\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Scala", "langSlug": "scala", "code": "class Solution(_nums: Array[Int]) {\n\n def reset(): Array[Int] = {\n \n }\n\n def shuffle(): Array[Int] = {\n \n }\n\n}\n\n/**\n * Your Solution object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * var obj = new Solution(nums)\n * var param_1 = obj.reset()\n * var param_2 = obj.shuffle()\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Kotlin", "langSlug": "kotlin", "code": "class Solution(nums: IntArray) {\n\n fun reset(): IntArray {\n \n }\n\n fun shuffle(): IntArray {\n \n }\n\n}\n\n/**\n * Your Solution object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * var obj = Solution(nums)\n * var param_1 = obj.reset()\n * var param_2 = obj.shuffle()\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Rust", "langSlug": "rust", "code": "struct Solution {\n\n}\n\n\n/** \n * `&self` means the method takes an immutable reference.\n * If you need a mutable reference, change it to `&mut self` instead.\n */\nimpl Solution {\n\n fn new(nums: Vec<i32>) -> Self {\n \n }\n \n fn reset(&self) -> Vec<i32> {\n \n }\n \n fn shuffle(&self) -> Vec<i32> {\n \n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your Solution object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * let obj = Solution::new(nums);\n * let ret_1: Vec<i32> = obj.reset();\n * let ret_2: Vec<i32> = obj.shuffle();\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "PHP", "langSlug": "php", "code": "class Solution {\n /**\n * @param Integer[] $nums\n */\n function __construct($nums) {\n \n }\n \n /**\n * @return Integer[]\n */\n function reset() {\n \n }\n \n /**\n * @return Integer[]\n */\n function shuffle() {\n \n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your Solution object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * $obj = Solution($nums);\n * $ret_1 = $obj->reset();\n * $ret_2 = $obj->shuffle();\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "TypeScript", "langSlug": "typescript", "code": "class Solution {\n constructor(nums: number[]) {\n\n }\n\n reset(): number[] {\n\n }\n\n shuffle(): number[] {\n\n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your Solution object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * var obj = new Solution(nums)\n * var param_1 = obj.reset()\n * var param_2 = obj.shuffle()\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Racket", "langSlug": "racket", "code": "(define solution%\n (class object%\n (super-new)\n \n ; nums : (listof exact-integer?)\n (init-field\n nums)\n \n ; reset : -> (listof exact-integer?)\n (define/public (reset)\n\n )\n ; shuffle : -> (listof exact-integer?)\n (define/public (shuffle)\n\n )))\n\n;; Your solution% object will be instantiated and called as such:\n;; (define obj (new solution% [nums nums]))\n;; (define param_1 (send obj reset))\n;; (define param_2 (send obj shuffle))", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Erlang", "langSlug": "erlang", "code": "-spec solution_init_(Nums :: [integer()]) -> any().\nsolution_init_(Nums) ->\n .\n\n-spec solution_reset() -> [integer()].\nsolution_reset() ->\n .\n\n-spec solution_shuffle() -> [integer()].\nsolution_shuffle() ->\n .\n\n\n%% Your functions will be called as such:\n%% solution_init_(Nums),\n%% Param_1 = solution_reset(),\n%% Param_2 = solution_shuffle(),\n\n%% solution_init_ will be called before every test case, in which you can do some necessary initializations.", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Elixir", "langSlug": "elixir", "code": "defmodule Solution do\n @spec init_(nums :: [integer]) :: any\n def init_(nums) do\n\n end\n\n @spec reset() :: [integer]\n def reset() do\n\n end\n\n @spec shuffle() :: [integer]\n def shuffle() do\n\n end\nend\n\n# Your functions will be called as such:\n# Solution.init_(nums)\n# param_1 = Solution.reset()\n# param_2 = Solution.shuffle()\n\n# Solution.init_ will be called before every test case, in which you can do some necessary initializations.", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" } ], "stats": "{\"totalAccepted\": \"254.6K\", \"totalSubmission\": \"447.4K\", \"totalAcceptedRaw\": 254628, \"totalSubmissionRaw\": 447372, \"acRate\": \"56.9%\"}", "hints": [ "The solution expects that we always use the original array to shuffle() else some of the test cases fail. (Credits; @snehasingh31)" ], "solution": { "id": "287", "canSeeDetail": true, "paidOnly": false, "hasVideoSolution": false, "paidOnlyVideo": true, "__typename": "ArticleNode" }, "status": null, "sampleTestCase": "[\"Solution\",\"shuffle\",\"reset\",\"shuffle\"]\n[[[1,2,3]],[],[],[]]", "metaData": "{\n \"classname\": \"Solution\",\n \"constructor\": {\n \"params\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"integer[]\",\n \"name\": \"nums\"\n }\n ]\n },\n \"methods\": [\n {\n \"params\": [],\n \"name\": \"reset\",\n \"return\": {\n \"type\": \"integer[]\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"params\": [],\n \"return\": {\n \"type\": \"integer[]\"\n },\n \"name\": \"shuffle\"\n }\n ],\n \"return\": {\n \"type\": \"boolean\"\n },\n \"systemdesign\": true\n}", "judgerAvailable": true, "judgeType": "large", "mysqlSchemas": [], "enableRunCode": true, "enableTestMode": false, "enableDebugger": true, "envInfo": "{\"cpp\": [\"C++\", \"<p>Compiled with <code> clang 11 </code> using the latest C++ 17 standard.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Your code is compiled with level two optimization (<code>-O2</code>). <a href=\\\"https://github.com/google/sanitizers/wiki/AddressSanitizer\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">AddressSanitizer</a> is also enabled to help detect out-of-bounds and use-after-free bugs.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Most standard library headers are already included automatically for your convenience.</p>\"], \"java\": [\"Java\", \"<p><code> OpenJDK 17 </code>. Java 8 features such as lambda expressions and stream API can be used. </p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Most standard library headers are already included automatically for your convenience.</p>\\r\\n<p>Includes <code>Pair</code> class from https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/javafx/api/javafx/util/Pair.html.</p>\"], \"python\": [\"Python\", \"<p><code>Python 2.7.12</code>.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Most libraries are already imported automatically for your convenience, such as <a href=\\\"https://docs.python.org/2/library/array.html\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">array</a>, <a href=\\\"https://docs.python.org/2/library/bisect.html\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">bisect</a>, <a href=\\\"https://docs.python.org/2/library/collections.html\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">collections</a>. If you need more libraries, you can import it yourself.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>For Map/TreeMap data structure, you may use <a href=\\\"http://www.grantjenks.com/docs/sortedcontainers/\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">sortedcontainers</a> library.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Note that Python 2.7 <a href=\\\"https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0373/\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">will not be maintained past 2020</a>. For the latest Python, please choose Python3 instead.</p>\"], \"c\": [\"C\", \"<p>Compiled with <code>gcc 8.2</code> using the gnu99 standard.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Your code is compiled with level one optimization (<code>-O1</code>). <a href=\\\"https://github.com/google/sanitizers/wiki/AddressSanitizer\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">AddressSanitizer</a> is also enabled to help detect out-of-bounds and use-after-free bugs.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Most standard library headers are already included automatically for your convenience.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>For hash table operations, you may use <a href=\\\"https://troydhanson.github.io/uthash/\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">uthash</a>. \\\"uthash.h\\\" is included by default. Below are some examples:</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p><b>1. Adding an item to a hash.</b>\\r\\n<pre>\\r\\nstruct hash_entry {\\r\\n int id; /* we'll use this field as the key */\\r\\n char name[10];\\r\\n UT_hash_handle hh; /* makes this structure hashable */\\r\\n};\\r\\n\\r\\nstruct hash_entry *users = NULL;\\r\\n\\r\\nvoid add_user(struct hash_entry *s) {\\r\\n HASH_ADD_INT(users, id, s);\\r\\n}\\r\\n</pre>\\r\\n</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p><b>2. Looking up an item in a hash:</b>\\r\\n<pre>\\r\\nstruct hash_entry *find_user(int user_id) {\\r\\n struct hash_entry *s;\\r\\n HASH_FIND_INT(users, &user_id, s);\\r\\n return s;\\r\\n}\\r\\n</pre>\\r\\n</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p><b>3. 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