{ "data": { "question": { "questionId": "310", "questionFrontendId": "310", "boundTopicId": null, "title": "Minimum Height Trees", "titleSlug": "minimum-height-trees", "content": "<p>A tree is an undirected graph in which any two vertices are connected by <i>exactly</i> one path. In other words, any connected graph without simple cycles is a tree.</p>\n\n<p>Given a tree of <code>n</code> nodes labelled from <code>0</code> to <code>n - 1</code>, and an array of <code>n - 1</code> <code>edges</code> where <code>edges[i] = [a<sub>i</sub>, b<sub>i</sub>]</code> indicates that there is an undirected edge between the two nodes <code>a<sub>i</sub></code> and <code>b<sub>i</sub></code> in the tree, you can choose any node of the tree as the root. When you select a node <code>x</code> as the root, the result tree has height <code>h</code>. Among all possible rooted trees, those with minimum height (i.e. <code>min(h)</code>) are called <strong>minimum height trees</strong> (MHTs).</p>\n\n<p>Return <em>a list of all <strong>MHTs'</strong> root labels</em>. You can return the answer in <strong>any order</strong>.</p>\n\n<p>The <strong>height</strong> of a rooted tree is the number of edges on the longest downward path between the root and a leaf.</p>\n\n<p> </p>\n<p><strong>Example 1:</strong></p>\n<img alt=\"\" src=\"https://assets.leetcode.com/uploads/2020/09/01/e1.jpg\" style=\"width: 800px; height: 213px;\" />\n<pre>\n<strong>Input:</strong> n = 4, edges = [[1,0],[1,2],[1,3]]\n<strong>Output:</strong> [1]\n<strong>Explanation:</strong> As shown, the height of the tree is 1 when the root is the node with label 1 which is the only MHT.\n</pre>\n\n<p><strong>Example 2:</strong></p>\n<img alt=\"\" src=\"https://assets.leetcode.com/uploads/2020/09/01/e2.jpg\" style=\"width: 800px; height: 321px;\" />\n<pre>\n<strong>Input:</strong> n = 6, edges = [[3,0],[3,1],[3,2],[3,4],[5,4]]\n<strong>Output:</strong> [3,4]\n</pre>\n\n<p> </p>\n<p><strong>Constraints:</strong></p>\n\n<ul>\n\t<li><code>1 <= n <= 2 * 10<sup>4</sup></code></li>\n\t<li><code>edges.length == n - 1</code></li>\n\t<li><code>0 <= a<sub>i</sub>, b<sub>i</sub> < n</code></li>\n\t<li><code>a<sub>i</sub> != b<sub>i</sub></code></li>\n\t<li>All the pairs <code>(a<sub>i</sub>, b<sub>i</sub>)</code> are distinct.</li>\n\t<li>The given input is <strong>guaranteed</strong> to be a tree and there will be <strong>no repeated</strong> edges.</li>\n</ul>\n", "translatedTitle": null, "translatedContent": null, "isPaidOnly": false, "difficulty": "Medium", "likes": 5006, "dislikes": 206, "isLiked": null, "similarQuestions": "[{\"title\": \"Course Schedule\", \"titleSlug\": \"course-schedule\", \"difficulty\": \"Medium\", \"translatedTitle\": null}, {\"title\": \"Course Schedule II\", \"titleSlug\": \"course-schedule-ii\", \"difficulty\": \"Medium\", \"translatedTitle\": null}]", "exampleTestcases": "4\n[[1,0],[1,2],[1,3]]\n6\n[[3,0],[3,1],[3,2],[3,4],[5,4]]", "categoryTitle": "Algorithms", "contributors": [], "topicTags": [ { "name": "Depth-First Search", "slug": "depth-first-search", "translatedName": null, "__typename": "TopicTagNode" }, { "name": "Breadth-First Search", "slug": "breadth-first-search", "translatedName": null, "__typename": "TopicTagNode" }, { "name": "Graph", "slug": "graph", "translatedName": null, "__typename": "TopicTagNode" }, { "name": "Topological Sort", "slug": "topological-sort", "translatedName": null, "__typename": "TopicTagNode" } ], "companyTagStats": null, "codeSnippets": [ { "lang": "C++", "langSlug": "cpp", "code": "class Solution {\npublic:\n vector<int> findMinHeightTrees(int n, vector<vector<int>>& edges) {\n \n }\n};", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Java", "langSlug": "java", "code": "class Solution {\n public List<Integer> findMinHeightTrees(int n, int[][] edges) {\n \n }\n}", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Python", "langSlug": "python", "code": "class Solution(object):\n def findMinHeightTrees(self, n, edges):\n \"\"\"\n :type n: int\n :type edges: List[List[int]]\n :rtype: List[int]\n \"\"\"\n ", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Python3", "langSlug": "python3", "code": "class Solution:\n def findMinHeightTrees(self, n: int, edges: List[List[int]]) -> List[int]:\n ", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "C", "langSlug": "c", "code": "\n\n/**\n * Note: The returned array must be malloced, assume caller calls free().\n */\nint* findMinHeightTrees(int n, int** edges, int edgesSize, int* edgesColSize, int* returnSize){\n\n}", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "C#", "langSlug": "csharp", "code": "public class Solution {\n public IList<int> FindMinHeightTrees(int n, int[][] edges) {\n \n }\n}", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "JavaScript", "langSlug": "javascript", "code": "/**\n * @param {number} n\n * @param {number[][]} edges\n * @return {number[]}\n */\nvar findMinHeightTrees = function(n, edges) {\n \n};", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Ruby", "langSlug": "ruby", "code": "# @param {Integer} n\n# @param {Integer[][]} edges\n# @return {Integer[]}\ndef find_min_height_trees(n, edges)\n \nend", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Swift", "langSlug": "swift", "code": "class Solution {\n func findMinHeightTrees(_ n: Int, _ edges: [[Int]]) -> [Int] {\n \n }\n}", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Go", "langSlug": "golang", "code": "func findMinHeightTrees(n int, edges [][]int) []int {\n \n}", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Scala", "langSlug": "scala", "code": "object Solution {\n def findMinHeightTrees(n: Int, edges: Array[Array[Int]]): List[Int] = {\n \n }\n}", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Kotlin", "langSlug": "kotlin", "code": "class Solution {\n fun findMinHeightTrees(n: Int, edges: Array<IntArray>): List<Int> {\n \n }\n}", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Rust", "langSlug": "rust", "code": "impl Solution {\n pub fn find_min_height_trees(n: i32, edges: Vec<Vec<i32>>) -> Vec<i32> {\n \n }\n}", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "PHP", "langSlug": "php", "code": "class Solution {\n\n /**\n * @param Integer $n\n * @param Integer[][] $edges\n * @return Integer[]\n */\n function findMinHeightTrees($n, $edges) {\n \n }\n}", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "TypeScript", "langSlug": "typescript", "code": "function findMinHeightTrees(n: number, edges: number[][]): number[] {\n\n};", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Racket", "langSlug": "racket", "code": "(define/contract (find-min-height-trees n edges)\n (-> exact-integer? 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(listof exact-integer?))\n\n )", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Erlang", "langSlug": "erlang", "code": "-spec find_min_height_trees(N :: integer(), Edges :: [[integer()]]) -> [integer()].\nfind_min_height_trees(N, Edges) ->\n .", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Elixir", "langSlug": "elixir", "code": "defmodule Solution do\n @spec find_min_height_trees(n :: integer, edges :: [[integer]]) :: [integer]\n def find_min_height_trees(n, edges) do\n\n end\nend", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" } ], "stats": "{\"totalAccepted\": \"190.6K\", \"totalSubmission\": \"501K\", \"totalAcceptedRaw\": 190619, \"totalSubmissionRaw\": 500977, \"acRate\": \"38.0%\"}", "hints": [ "How many MHTs can a graph have at most?" ], "solution": { "id": "1029", "canSeeDetail": true, "paidOnly": false, "hasVideoSolution": false, "paidOnlyVideo": true, "__typename": "ArticleNode" }, "status": null, "sampleTestCase": "4\n[[1,0],[1,2],[1,3]]", "metaData": "{\r\n \"name\": \"findMinHeightTrees\",\r\n \"params\": [\r\n {\r\n \"name\": \"n\",\r\n \"type\": \"integer\"\r\n },\r\n {\r\n \"name\": \"edges\",\r\n \"type\": \"integer[][]\"\r\n }\r\n ],\r\n \"return\": {\r\n \"type\": \"list<integer>\"\r\n }\r\n}", "judgerAvailable": true, "judgeType": "large", "mysqlSchemas": [], "enableRunCode": true, "enableTestMode": false, "enableDebugger": true, "envInfo": "{\"cpp\": [\"C++\", \"<p>Compiled with <code> clang 11 </code> using the latest C++ 17 standard.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Your code is compiled with level two optimization (<code>-O2</code>). <a href=\\\"https://github.com/google/sanitizers/wiki/AddressSanitizer\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">AddressSanitizer</a> is also enabled to help detect out-of-bounds and use-after-free bugs.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Most standard library headers are already included automatically for your convenience.</p>\"], \"java\": [\"Java\", \"<p><code> OpenJDK 17 </code>. Java 8 features such as lambda expressions and stream API can be used. </p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Most standard library headers are already included automatically for your convenience.</p>\\r\\n<p>Includes <code>Pair</code> class from https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/javafx/api/javafx/util/Pair.html.</p>\"], \"python\": [\"Python\", \"<p><code>Python 2.7.12</code>.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Most libraries are already imported automatically for your convenience, such as <a href=\\\"https://docs.python.org/2/library/array.html\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">array</a>, <a href=\\\"https://docs.python.org/2/library/bisect.html\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">bisect</a>, <a href=\\\"https://docs.python.org/2/library/collections.html\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">collections</a>. 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For the latest Python, please choose Python3 instead.</p>\"], \"c\": [\"C\", \"<p>Compiled with <code>gcc 8.2</code> using the gnu99 standard.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Your code is compiled with level one optimization (<code>-O1</code>). <a href=\\\"https://github.com/google/sanitizers/wiki/AddressSanitizer\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">AddressSanitizer</a> is also enabled to help detect out-of-bounds and use-after-free bugs.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Most standard library headers are already included automatically for your convenience.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>For hash table operations, you may use <a href=\\\"https://troydhanson.github.io/uthash/\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">uthash</a>. \\\"uthash.h\\\" is included by default. Below are some examples:</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p><b>1. Adding an item to a hash.</b>\\r\\n<pre>\\r\\nstruct hash_entry {\\r\\n int id; /* we'll use this field as the key */\\r\\n char name[10];\\r\\n UT_hash_handle hh; /* makes this structure hashable */\\r\\n};\\r\\n\\r\\nstruct hash_entry *users = NULL;\\r\\n\\r\\nvoid add_user(struct hash_entry *s) {\\r\\n HASH_ADD_INT(users, id, s);\\r\\n}\\r\\n</pre>\\r\\n</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p><b>2. Looking up an item in a hash:</b>\\r\\n<pre>\\r\\nstruct hash_entry *find_user(int user_id) {\\r\\n struct hash_entry *s;\\r\\n HASH_FIND_INT(users, &user_id, s);\\r\\n return s;\\r\\n}\\r\\n</pre>\\r\\n</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p><b>3. 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