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"data": {
"question": {
"questionId": "860",
"questionFrontendId": "622",
"categoryTitle": "Algorithms",
"boundTopicId": 1129,
"title": "Design Circular Queue",
"titleSlug": "design-circular-queue",
"content": "<p>Design your implementation of the circular queue. The circular queue is a linear data structure in which the operations are performed based on FIFO (First In First Out) principle, and the last position is connected back to the first position to make a circle. It is also called "Ring Buffer".</p>\n\n<p>One of the benefits of the circular queue is that we can make use of the spaces in front of the queue. In a normal queue, once the queue becomes full, we cannot insert the next element even if there is a space in front of the queue. But using the circular queue, we can use the space to store new values.</p>\n\n<p>Implement the <code>MyCircularQueue</code> class:</p>\n\n<ul>\n\t<li><code>MyCircularQueue(k)</code> Initializes the object with the size of the queue to be <code>k</code>.</li>\n\t<li><code>int Front()</code> Gets the front item from the queue. If the queue is empty, return <code>-1</code>.</li>\n\t<li><code>int Rear()</code> Gets the last item from the queue. If the queue is empty, return <code>-1</code>.</li>\n\t<li><code>boolean enQueue(int value)</code> Inserts an element into the circular queue. Return <code>true</code> if the operation is successful.</li>\n\t<li><code>boolean deQueue()</code> Deletes an element from the circular queue. Return <code>true</code> if the operation is successful.</li>\n\t<li><code>boolean isEmpty()</code> Checks whether the circular queue is empty or not.</li>\n\t<li><code>boolean isFull()</code> Checks whether the circular queue is full or not.</li>\n</ul>\n\n<p>You must solve the problem without using the built-in queue data structure in your programming language. </p>\n\n<p> </p>\n<p><strong class=\"example\">Example 1:</strong></p>\n\n<pre>\n<strong>Input</strong>\n["MyCircularQueue", "enQueue", "enQueue", "enQueue", "enQueue", "Rear", "isFull", "deQueue", "enQueue", "Rear"]\n[[3], [1], [2], [3], [4], [], [], [], [4], []]\n<strong>Output</strong>\n[null, true, true, true, false, 3, true, true, true, 4]\n\n<strong>Explanation</strong>\nMyCircularQueue myCircularQueue = new MyCircularQueue(3);\nmyCircularQueue.enQueue(1); // return True\nmyCircularQueue.enQueue(2); // return True\nmyCircularQueue.enQueue(3); // return True\nmyCircularQueue.enQueue(4); // return False\nmyCircularQueue.Rear(); // return 3\nmyCircularQueue.isFull(); // return True\nmyCircularQueue.deQueue(); // return True\nmyCircularQueue.enQueue(4); // return True\nmyCircularQueue.Rear(); // return 4\n</pre>\n\n<p> </p>\n<p><strong>Constraints:</strong></p>\n\n<ul>\n\t<li><code>1 <= k <= 1000</code></li>\n\t<li><code>0 <= value <= 1000</code></li>\n\t<li>At most <code>3000</code> calls will be made to <code>enQueue</code>, <code>deQueue</code>, <code>Front</code>, <code>Rear</code>, <code>isEmpty</code>, and <code>isFull</code>.</li>\n</ul>\n",
"translatedTitle": "设计循环队列",
"translatedContent": "<p>设计你的循环队列实现。 循环队列是一种线性数据结构，其操作表现基于 FIFO（先进先出）原则并且队尾被连接在队首之后以形成一个循环。它也被称为“环形缓冲器”。</p>\n\n<p>循环队列的一个好处是我们可以利用这个队列之前用过的空间。在一个普通队列里，一旦一个队列满了，我们就不能插入下一个元素，即使在队列前面仍有空间。但是使用循环队列，我们能使用这些空间去存储新的值。</p>\n\n<p>你的实现应该支持如下操作：</p>\n\n<ul>\n\t<li><code>MyCircularQueue(k)</code>: 构造器，设置队列长度为 k 。</li>\n\t<li><code>Front</code>: 从队首获取元素。如果队列为空，返回 -1 。</li>\n\t<li><code>Rear</code>: 获取队尾元素。如果队列为空，返回 -1 。</li>\n\t<li><code>enQueue(value)</code>: 向循环队列插入一个元素。如果成功插入则返回真。</li>\n\t<li><code>deQueue()</code>: 从循环队列中删除一个元素。如果成功删除则返回真。</li>\n\t<li><code>isEmpty()</code>: 检查循环队列是否为空。</li>\n\t<li><code>isFull()</code>: 检查循环队列是否已满。</li>\n</ul>\n\n<p> </p>\n\n<p><strong>示例：</strong></p>\n\n<pre>MyCircularQueue circularQueue = new MyCircularQueue(3); // 设置长度为 3\ncircularQueue.enQueue(1); // 返回 true\ncircularQueue.enQueue(2); // 返回 true\ncircularQueue.enQueue(3); // 返回 true\ncircularQueue.enQueue(4); // 返回 false，队列已满\ncircularQueue.Rear(); // 返回 3\ncircularQueue.isFull(); // 返回 true\ncircularQueue.deQueue(); // 返回 true\ncircularQueue.enQueue(4); // 返回 true\ncircularQueue.Rear(); // 返回 4</pre>\n\n<p> </p>\n\n<p><strong>提示：</strong></p>\n\n<ul>\n\t<li>所有的值都在 0 至 1000 的范围内；</li>\n\t<li>操作数将在 1 至 1000 的范围内；</li>\n\t<li>请不要使用内置的队列库。</li>\n</ul>\n",
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{
"lang": "C++",
"langSlug": "cpp",
"code": "class MyCircularQueue {\npublic:\n MyCircularQueue(int k) {\n\n }\n \n bool enQueue(int value) {\n\n }\n \n bool deQueue() {\n\n }\n \n int Front() {\n\n }\n \n int Rear() {\n\n }\n \n bool isEmpty() {\n\n }\n \n bool isFull() {\n\n }\n};\n\n/**\n * Your MyCircularQueue object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * MyCircularQueue* obj = new MyCircularQueue(k);\n * bool param_1 = obj->enQueue(value);\n * bool param_2 = obj->deQueue();\n * int param_3 = obj->Front();\n * int param_4 = obj->Rear();\n * bool param_5 = obj->isEmpty();\n * bool param_6 = obj->isFull();\n */",
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"lang": "Java",
"langSlug": "java",
"code": "class MyCircularQueue {\n\n public MyCircularQueue(int k) {\n\n }\n \n public boolean enQueue(int value) {\n\n }\n \n public boolean deQueue() {\n\n }\n \n public int Front() {\n\n }\n \n public int Rear() {\n\n }\n \n public boolean isEmpty() {\n\n }\n \n public boolean isFull() {\n\n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your MyCircularQueue object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * MyCircularQueue obj = new MyCircularQueue(k);\n * boolean param_1 = obj.enQueue(value);\n * boolean param_2 = obj.deQueue();\n * int param_3 = obj.Front();\n * int param_4 = obj.Rear();\n * boolean param_5 = obj.isEmpty();\n * boolean param_6 = obj.isFull();\n */",
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"lang": "Python",
"langSlug": "python",
"code": "class MyCircularQueue(object):\n\n def __init__(self, k):\n \"\"\"\n :type k: int\n \"\"\"\n\n\n def enQueue(self, value):\n \"\"\"\n :type value: int\n :rtype: bool\n \"\"\"\n\n\n def deQueue(self):\n \"\"\"\n :rtype: bool\n \"\"\"\n\n\n def Front(self):\n \"\"\"\n :rtype: int\n \"\"\"\n\n\n def Rear(self):\n \"\"\"\n :rtype: int\n \"\"\"\n\n\n def isEmpty(self):\n \"\"\"\n :rtype: bool\n \"\"\"\n\n\n def isFull(self):\n \"\"\"\n :rtype: bool\n \"\"\"\n\n\n\n# Your MyCircularQueue object will be instantiated and called as such:\n# obj = MyCircularQueue(k)\n# param_1 = obj.enQueue(value)\n# param_2 = obj.deQueue()\n# param_3 = obj.Front()\n# param_4 = obj.Rear()\n# param_5 = obj.isEmpty()\n# param_6 = obj.isFull()",
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"lang": "Python3",
"langSlug": "python3",
"code": "class MyCircularQueue:\n\n def __init__(self, k: int):\n\n\n def enQueue(self, value: int) -> bool:\n\n\n def deQueue(self) -> bool:\n\n\n def Front(self) -> int:\n\n\n def Rear(self) -> int:\n\n\n def isEmpty(self) -> bool:\n\n\n def isFull(self) -> bool:\n\n\n\n# Your MyCircularQueue object will be instantiated and called as such:\n# obj = MyCircularQueue(k)\n# param_1 = obj.enQueue(value)\n# param_2 = obj.deQueue()\n# param_3 = obj.Front()\n# param_4 = obj.Rear()\n# param_5 = obj.isEmpty()\n# param_6 = obj.isFull()",
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"lang": "C",
"langSlug": "c",
"code": "\n\n\ntypedef struct {\n \n} MyCircularQueue;\n\n\nMyCircularQueue* myCircularQueueCreate(int k) {\n \n}\n\nbool myCircularQueueEnQueue(MyCircularQueue* obj, int value) {\n \n}\n\nbool myCircularQueueDeQueue(MyCircularQueue* obj) {\n \n}\n\nint myCircularQueueFront(MyCircularQueue* obj) {\n \n}\n\nint myCircularQueueRear(MyCircularQueue* obj) {\n \n}\n\nbool myCircularQueueIsEmpty(MyCircularQueue* obj) {\n \n}\n\nbool myCircularQueueIsFull(MyCircularQueue* obj) {\n \n}\n\nvoid myCircularQueueFree(MyCircularQueue* obj) {\n \n}\n\n/**\n * Your MyCircularQueue struct will be instantiated and called as such:\n * MyCircularQueue* obj = myCircularQueueCreate(k);\n * bool param_1 = myCircularQueueEnQueue(obj, value);\n \n * bool param_2 = myCircularQueueDeQueue(obj);\n \n * int param_3 = myCircularQueueFront(obj);\n \n * int param_4 = myCircularQueueRear(obj);\n \n * bool param_5 = myCircularQueueIsEmpty(obj);\n \n * bool param_6 = myCircularQueueIsFull(obj);\n \n * myCircularQueueFree(obj);\n*/",
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"lang": "C#",
"langSlug": "csharp",
"code": "public class MyCircularQueue {\n\n public MyCircularQueue(int k) {\n\n }\n \n public bool EnQueue(int value) {\n\n }\n \n public bool DeQueue() {\n\n }\n \n public int Front() {\n\n }\n \n public int Rear() {\n\n }\n \n public bool IsEmpty() {\n\n }\n \n public bool IsFull() {\n\n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your MyCircularQueue object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * MyCircularQueue obj = new MyCircularQueue(k);\n * bool param_1 = obj.EnQueue(value);\n * bool param_2 = obj.DeQueue();\n * int param_3 = obj.Front();\n * int param_4 = obj.Rear();\n * bool param_5 = obj.IsEmpty();\n * bool param_6 = obj.IsFull();\n */",
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"lang": "JavaScript",
"langSlug": "javascript",
"code": "/**\n * @param {number} k\n */\nvar MyCircularQueue = function(k) {\n\n};\n\n/** \n * @param {number} value\n * @return {boolean}\n */\nMyCircularQueue.prototype.enQueue = function(value) {\n\n};\n\n/**\n * @return {boolean}\n */\nMyCircularQueue.prototype.deQueue = function() {\n\n};\n\n/**\n * @return {number}\n */\nMyCircularQueue.prototype.Front = function() {\n\n};\n\n/**\n * @return {number}\n */\nMyCircularQueue.prototype.Rear = function() {\n\n};\n\n/**\n * @return {boolean}\n */\nMyCircularQueue.prototype.isEmpty = function() {\n\n};\n\n/**\n * @return {boolean}\n */\nMyCircularQueue.prototype.isFull = function() {\n\n};\n\n/**\n * Your MyCircularQueue object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * var obj = new MyCircularQueue(k)\n * var param_1 = obj.enQueue(value)\n * var param_2 = obj.deQueue()\n * var param_3 = obj.Front()\n * var param_4 = obj.Rear()\n * var param_5 = obj.isEmpty()\n * var param_6 = obj.isFull()\n */",
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"lang": "TypeScript",
"langSlug": "typescript",
"code": "class MyCircularQueue {\n constructor(k: number) {\n \n }\n\n enQueue(value: number): boolean {\n \n }\n\n deQueue(): boolean {\n \n }\n\n Front(): number {\n \n }\n\n Rear(): number {\n \n }\n\n isEmpty(): boolean {\n \n }\n\n isFull(): boolean {\n \n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your MyCircularQueue object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * var obj = new MyCircularQueue(k)\n * var param_1 = obj.enQueue(value)\n * var param_2 = obj.deQueue()\n * var param_3 = obj.Front()\n * var param_4 = obj.Rear()\n * var param_5 = obj.isEmpty()\n * var param_6 = obj.isFull()\n */",
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"lang": "PHP",
"langSlug": "php",
"code": "class MyCircularQueue {\n /**\n * @param Integer $k\n */\n function __construct($k) {\n\n }\n\n /**\n * @param Integer $value\n * @return Boolean\n */\n function enQueue($value) {\n\n }\n\n /**\n * @return Boolean\n */\n function deQueue() {\n\n }\n\n /**\n * @return Integer\n */\n function Front() {\n\n }\n\n /**\n * @return Integer\n */\n function Rear() {\n\n }\n\n /**\n * @return Boolean\n */\n function isEmpty() {\n\n }\n\n /**\n * @return Boolean\n */\n function isFull() {\n\n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your MyCircularQueue object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * $obj = MyCircularQueue($k);\n * $ret_1 = $obj->enQueue($value);\n * $ret_2 = $obj->deQueue();\n * $ret_3 = $obj->Front();\n * $ret_4 = $obj->Rear();\n * $ret_5 = $obj->isEmpty();\n * $ret_6 = $obj->isFull();\n */",
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"lang": "Swift",
"langSlug": "swift",
"code": "\nclass MyCircularQueue {\n\n init(_ k: Int) {\n\n }\n \n func enQueue(_ value: Int) -> Bool {\n\n }\n \n func deQueue() -> Bool {\n\n }\n \n func Front() -> Int {\n\n }\n \n func Rear() -> Int {\n\n }\n \n func isEmpty() -> Bool {\n\n }\n \n func isFull() -> Bool {\n\n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your MyCircularQueue object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * let obj = MyCircularQueue(k)\n * let ret_1: Bool = obj.enQueue(value)\n * let ret_2: Bool = obj.deQueue()\n * let ret_3: Int = obj.Front()\n * let ret_4: Int = obj.Rear()\n * let ret_5: Bool = obj.isEmpty()\n * let ret_6: Bool = obj.isFull()\n */",
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"lang": "Kotlin",
"langSlug": "kotlin",
"code": "class MyCircularQueue(k: Int) {\n\n fun enQueue(value: Int): Boolean {\n\n }\n\n fun deQueue(): Boolean {\n\n }\n\n fun Front(): Int {\n\n }\n\n fun Rear(): Int {\n\n }\n\n fun isEmpty(): Boolean {\n\n }\n\n fun isFull(): Boolean {\n\n }\n\n}\n\n/**\n * Your MyCircularQueue object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * var obj = MyCircularQueue(k)\n * var param_1 = obj.enQueue(value)\n * var param_2 = obj.deQueue()\n * var param_3 = obj.Front()\n * var param_4 = obj.Rear()\n * var param_5 = obj.isEmpty()\n * var param_6 = obj.isFull()\n */",
"__typename": "CodeSnippetNode"
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{
"lang": "Dart",
"langSlug": "dart",
"code": "class MyCircularQueue {\n\n MyCircularQueue(int k) {\n \n }\n \n bool enQueue(int value) {\n \n }\n \n bool deQueue() {\n \n }\n \n int Front() {\n \n }\n \n int Rear() {\n \n }\n \n bool isEmpty() {\n \n }\n \n bool isFull() {\n \n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your MyCircularQueue object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * MyCircularQueue obj = MyCircularQueue(k);\n * bool param1 = obj.enQueue(value);\n * bool param2 = obj.deQueue();\n * int param3 = obj.Front();\n * int param4 = obj.Rear();\n * bool param5 = obj.isEmpty();\n * bool param6 = obj.isFull();\n */",
"__typename": "CodeSnippetNode"
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{
"lang": "Go",
"langSlug": "golang",
"code": "type MyCircularQueue struct {\n\n}\n\n\nfunc Constructor(k int) MyCircularQueue {\n\n}\n\n\nfunc (this *MyCircularQueue) EnQueue(value int) bool {\n\n}\n\n\nfunc (this *MyCircularQueue) DeQueue() bool {\n\n}\n\n\nfunc (this *MyCircularQueue) Front() int {\n\n}\n\n\nfunc (this *MyCircularQueue) Rear() int {\n\n}\n\n\nfunc (this *MyCircularQueue) IsEmpty() bool {\n\n}\n\n\nfunc (this *MyCircularQueue) IsFull() bool {\n\n}\n\n\n/**\n * Your MyCircularQueue object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * obj := Constructor(k);\n * param_1 := obj.EnQueue(value);\n * param_2 := obj.DeQueue();\n * param_3 := obj.Front();\n * param_4 := obj.Rear();\n * param_5 := obj.IsEmpty();\n * param_6 := obj.IsFull();\n */",
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{
"lang": "Ruby",
"langSlug": "ruby",
"code": "class MyCircularQueue\n\n=begin\n :type k: Integer\n=end\n def initialize(k)\n\n end\n\n\n=begin\n :type value: Integer\n :rtype: Boolean\n=end\n def en_queue(value)\n\n end\n\n\n=begin\n :rtype: Boolean\n=end\n def de_queue()\n\n end\n\n\n=begin\n :rtype: Integer\n=end\n def front()\n\n end\n\n\n=begin\n :rtype: Integer\n=end\n def rear()\n\n end\n\n\n=begin\n :rtype: Boolean\n=end\n def is_empty()\n\n end\n\n\n=begin\n :rtype: Boolean\n=end\n def is_full()\n\n end\n\n\nend\n\n# Your MyCircularQueue object will be instantiated and called as such:\n# obj = MyCircularQueue.new(k)\n# param_1 = obj.en_queue(value)\n# param_2 = obj.de_queue()\n# param_3 = obj.front()\n# param_4 = obj.rear()\n# param_5 = obj.is_empty()\n# param_6 = obj.is_full()",
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"lang": "Scala",
"langSlug": "scala",
"code": "class MyCircularQueue(_k: Int) {\n\n def enQueue(value: Int): Boolean = {\n\n }\n\n def deQueue(): Boolean = {\n\n }\n\n def Front(): Int = {\n\n }\n\n def Rear(): Int = {\n\n }\n\n def isEmpty(): Boolean = {\n\n }\n\n def isFull(): Boolean = {\n\n }\n\n}\n\n/**\n * Your MyCircularQueue object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * var obj = new MyCircularQueue(k)\n * var param_1 = obj.enQueue(value)\n * var param_2 = obj.deQueue()\n * var param_3 = obj.Front()\n * var param_4 = obj.Rear()\n * var param_5 = obj.isEmpty()\n * var param_6 = obj.isFull()\n */",
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{
"lang": "Rust",
"langSlug": "rust",
"code": "struct MyCircularQueue {\n\n}\n\n\n/**\n * `&self` means the method takes an immutable reference.\n * If you need a mutable reference, change it to `&mut self` instead.\n */\nimpl MyCircularQueue {\n\n fn new(k: i32) -> Self {\n\n }\n \n fn en_queue(&self, value: i32) -> bool {\n\n }\n \n fn de_queue(&self) -> bool {\n\n }\n \n fn front(&self) -> i32 {\n\n }\n \n fn rear(&self) -> i32 {\n\n }\n \n fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {\n\n }\n \n fn is_full(&self) -> bool {\n\n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your MyCircularQueue object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * let obj = MyCircularQueue::new(k);\n * let ret_1: bool = obj.en_queue(value);\n * let ret_2: bool = obj.de_queue();\n * let ret_3: i32 = obj.front();\n * let ret_4: i32 = obj.rear();\n * let ret_5: bool = obj.is_empty();\n * let ret_6: bool = obj.is_full();\n */",
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"lang": "Racket",
"langSlug": "racket",
"code": "(define my-circular-queue%\n (class object%\n (super-new)\n \n ; k : exact-integer?\n (init-field\n k)\n \n ; en-queue : exact-integer? -> boolean?\n (define/public (en-queue value)\n )\n ; de-queue : -> boolean?\n (define/public (de-queue)\n )\n ; front : -> exact-integer?\n (define/public (front)\n )\n ; rear : -> exact-integer?\n (define/public (rear)\n )\n ; is-empty : -> boolean?\n (define/public (is-empty)\n )\n ; is-full : -> boolean?\n (define/public (is-full)\n )))\n\n;; Your my-circular-queue% object will be instantiated and called as such:\n;; (define obj (new my-circular-queue% [k k]))\n;; (define param_1 (send obj en-queue value))\n;; (define param_2 (send obj de-queue))\n;; (define param_3 (send obj front))\n;; (define param_4 (send obj rear))\n;; (define param_5 (send obj is-empty))\n;; (define param_6 (send obj is-full))",
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"lang": "Erlang",
"langSlug": "erlang",
"code": "-spec my_circular_queue_init_(K :: integer()) -> any().\nmy_circular_queue_init_(K) ->\n .\n\n-spec my_circular_queue_en_queue(Value :: integer()) -> boolean().\nmy_circular_queue_en_queue(Value) ->\n .\n\n-spec my_circular_queue_de_queue() -> boolean().\nmy_circular_queue_de_queue() ->\n .\n\n-spec my_circular_queue_front() -> integer().\nmy_circular_queue_front() ->\n .\n\n-spec my_circular_queue_rear() -> integer().\nmy_circular_queue_rear() ->\n .\n\n-spec my_circular_queue_is_empty() -> boolean().\nmy_circular_queue_is_empty() ->\n .\n\n-spec my_circular_queue_is_full() -> boolean().\nmy_circular_queue_is_full() ->\n .\n\n\n%% Your functions will be called as such:\n%% my_circular_queue_init_(K),\n%% Param_1 = my_circular_queue_en_queue(Value),\n%% Param_2 = my_circular_queue_de_queue(),\n%% Param_3 = my_circular_queue_front(),\n%% Param_4 = my_circular_queue_rear(),\n%% Param_5 = my_circular_queue_is_empty(),\n%% Param_6 = my_circular_queue_is_full(),\n\n%% my_circular_queue_init_ will be called before every test case, in which you can do some necessary initializations.",
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"lang": "Elixir",
"langSlug": "elixir",
"code": "defmodule MyCircularQueue do\n @spec init_(k :: integer) :: any\n def init_(k) do\n \n end\n\n @spec en_queue(value :: integer) :: boolean\n def en_queue(value) do\n \n end\n\n @spec de_queue() :: boolean\n def de_queue() do\n \n end\n\n @spec front() :: integer\n def front() do\n \n end\n\n @spec rear() :: integer\n def rear() do\n \n end\n\n @spec is_empty() :: boolean\n def is_empty() do\n \n end\n\n @spec is_full() :: boolean\n def is_full() do\n \n end\nend\n\n# Your functions will be called as such:\n# MyCircularQueue.init_(k)\n# param_1 = MyCircularQueue.en_queue(value)\n# param_2 = MyCircularQueue.de_queue()\n# param_3 = MyCircularQueue.front()\n# param_4 = MyCircularQueue.rear()\n# param_5 = MyCircularQueue.is_empty()\n# param_6 = MyCircularQueue.is_full()\n\n# MyCircularQueue.init_ will be called before every test case, in which you can do some necessary initializations.",
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