{ "data": { "question": { "questionId": "3032", "questionFrontendId": "2836", "categoryTitle": "Algorithms", "boundTopicId": 2404057, "title": "Maximize Value of Function in a Ball Passing Game", "titleSlug": "maximize-value-of-function-in-a-ball-passing-game", "content": "
You are given an integer array receiver
of length n
and an integer k
. n
players are playing a ball-passing game.
You choose the starting player, i
. The game proceeds as follows: player i
passes the ball to player receiver[i]
, who then passes it to receiver[receiver[i]]
, and so on, for k
passes in total. The game's score is the sum of the indices of the players who touched the ball, including repetitions, i.e. i + receiver[i] + receiver[receiver[i]] + ... + receiver(k)[i]
.
Return the maximum possible score.
\n\nNotes:
\n\nreceiver
may contain duplicates.receiver[i]
may be equal to i
.\n
Example 1:
\n\nInput: receiver = [2,0,1], k = 4
\n\nOutput: 6
\n\nExplanation:
\n\nStarting with player i = 2
the initial score is 2:
Pass | \n\t\t\tSender Index | \n\t\t\tReceiver Index | \n\t\t\tScore | \n\t\t
---|---|---|---|
1 | \n\t\t\t2 | \n\t\t\t1 | \n\t\t\t3 | \n\t\t
2 | \n\t\t\t1 | \n\t\t\t0 | \n\t\t\t3 | \n\t\t
3 | \n\t\t\t0 | \n\t\t\t2 | \n\t\t\t5 | \n\t\t
4 | \n\t\t\t2 | \n\t\t\t1 | \n\t\t\t6 | \n\t\t
Example 2:
\n\nInput: receiver = [1,1,1,2,3], k = 3
\n\nOutput: 10
\n\nExplanation:
\n\nStarting with player i = 4
the initial score is 4:
Pass | \n\t\t\tSender Index | \n\t\t\tReceiver Index | \n\t\t\tScore | \n\t\t
---|---|---|---|
1 | \n\t\t\t4 | \n\t\t\t3 | \n\t\t\t7 | \n\t\t
2 | \n\t\t\t3 | \n\t\t\t2 | \n\t\t\t9 | \n\t\t
3 | \n\t\t\t2 | \n\t\t\t1 | \n\t\t\t10 | \n\t\t
\n
Constraints:
\n\n1 <= receiver.length == n <= 105
0 <= receiver[i] <= n - 1
1 <= k <= 1010
给你一个长度为 n
下标从 0 开始的整数数组 receiver
和一个整数 k
。
总共有 n
名玩家,玩家 编号 互不相同,且为 [0, n - 1]
中的整数。这些玩家玩一个传球游戏,receiver[i]
表示编号为 i
的玩家会传球给编号为 receiver[i]
的玩家。玩家可以传球给自己,也就是说 receiver[i]
可能等于 i
。
你需要从 n
名玩家中选择一名玩家作为游戏开始时唯一手中有球的玩家,球会被传 恰好 k
次。
如果选择编号为 x
的玩家作为开始玩家,定义函数 f(x)
表示从编号为 x
的玩家开始,k
次传球内所有接触过球玩家的编号之 和 ,如果有玩家多次触球,则 累加多次 。换句话说, f(x) = x + receiver[x] + receiver[receiver[x]] + ... + receiver(k)[x]
。
你的任务时选择开始玩家 x
,目的是 最大化 f(x)
。
请你返回函数的 最大值 。
\n\n注意:receiver
可能含有重复元素。
\n\n
示例 1:
\n\n传递次数 | \n\t\t\t传球者编号 | \n\t\t\t接球者编号 | \n\t\t\tx + 所有接球者编号 | \n\t\t
---|---|---|---|
\n\t\t\t | \n\t\t\t | \n\t\t\t | 2 | \n\t\t
1 | \n\t\t\t2 | \n\t\t\t1 | \n\t\t\t3 | \n\t\t
2 | \n\t\t\t1 | \n\t\t\t0 | \n\t\t\t3 | \n\t\t
3 | \n\t\t\t0 | \n\t\t\t2 | \n\t\t\t5 | \n\t\t
4 | \n\t\t\t2 | \n\t\t\t1 | \n\t\t\t6 | \n\t\t
\n\n
\n输入:receiver = [2,0,1], k = 4\n输出:6\n解释:上表展示了从编号为 x = 2 开始的游戏过程。\n从表中可知,f(2) 等于 6 。\n6 是能得到最大的函数值。\n所以输出为 6 。\n\n\n
示例 2:
\n\n传递次数 | \n\t\t\t传球者编号 | \n\t\t\t接球者编号 | \n\t\t\tx + 所有接球者编号 | \n\t\t
---|---|---|---|
\n\t\t\t | \n\t\t\t | \n\t\t\t | 4 | \n\t\t
1 | \n\t\t\t4 | \n\t\t\t3 | \n\t\t\t7 | \n\t\t
2 | \n\t\t\t3 | \n\t\t\t2 | \n\t\t\t9 | \n\t\t
3 | \n\t\t\t2 | \n\t\t\t1 | \n\t\t\t10 | \n\t\t
\n\n
\n输入:receiver = [1,1,1,2,3], k = 3\n输出:10\n解释:上表展示了从编号为 x = 4 开始的游戏过程。\n从表中可知,f(4) 等于 10 。\n10 是能得到最大的函数值。\n所以输出为 10 。\n\n\n
\n\n
提示:
\n\n1 <= receiver.length == n <= 105
0 <= receiver[i] <= n - 1
1 <= k <= 1010
x
and for every i
in the range [0, ceil(log2k)]
, we can determine the last receiver's id and compute the sum of player ids who receive the ball after 2i
passes, starting from x
.last_receiver[x][i] =
the last receiver's id after 2i
passes, and sum[x][i] =
the sum of player ids who receive the ball after 2i
passes. For all x
in the range [0, n - 1]
, last_receiver[x][0] = receiver[x]
, and sum[x][0] = receiver[x]
.i
in range [1, ceil(log2k)]
, last_receiver[x][i] = last_receiver[last_receiver[x][i - 1]][i - 1]
and sum[x][i] = sum[x][i - 1] + sum[last_receiver[x][i - 1]][i - 1]
, for all x
in the range [0, n - 1]
.x
, we can now go through the powers of 2
in the binary representation of k
and make jumps corresponding to each power, using the pre-computed values, to compute f(x)
.f(x)
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