{ "data": { "question": { "questionId": "1722", "questionFrontendId": "1600", "categoryTitle": "Algorithms", "boundTopicId": 425262, "title": "Throne Inheritance", "titleSlug": "throne-inheritance", "content": "

A kingdom consists of a king, his children, his grandchildren, and so on. Every once in a while, someone in the family dies or a child is born.

\n\n

The kingdom has a well-defined order of inheritance that consists of the king as the first member. Let's define the recursive function Successor(x, curOrder), which given a person x and the inheritance order so far, returns who should be the next person after x in the order of inheritance.

\n\n
\nSuccessor(x, curOrder):\n    if x has no children or all of x's children are in curOrder:\n        if x is the king return null\n        else return Successor(x's parent, curOrder)\n    else return x's oldest child who's not in curOrder\n
\n\n

For example, assume we have a kingdom that consists of the king, his children Alice and Bob (Alice is older than Bob), and finally Alice's son Jack.

\n\n
    \n\t
  1. In the beginning, curOrder will be ["king"].
    2. \n\t
  2. Calling Successor(king, curOrder) will return Alice, so we append to curOrder to get ["king", "Alice"].
    3. \n\t
  3. Calling Successor(Alice, curOrder) will return Jack, so we append to curOrder to get ["king", "Alice", "Jack"].
    4. \n\t
  4. Calling Successor(Jack, curOrder) will return Bob, so we append to curOrder to get ["king", "Alice", "Jack", "Bob"].
    5. \n\t
  5. Calling Successor(Bob, curOrder) will return null. Thus the order of inheritance will be ["king", "Alice", "Jack", "Bob"].
    6. \n
\n\n

Using the above function, we can always obtain a unique order of inheritance.

\n\n

Implement the ThroneInheritance class:

\n\n\n\n

 

\n

Example 1:

\n\n
\nInput\n["ThroneInheritance", "birth", "birth", "birth", "birth", "birth", "birth", "getInheritanceOrder", "death", "getInheritanceOrder"]\n[["king"], ["king", "andy"], ["king", "bob"], ["king", "catherine"], ["andy", "matthew"], ["bob", "alex"], ["bob", "asha"], [null], ["bob"], [null]]\nOutput\n[null, null, null, null, null, null, null, ["king", "andy", "matthew", "bob", "alex", "asha", "catherine"], null, ["king", "andy", "matthew", "alex", "asha", "catherine"]]\n\nExplanation\nThroneInheritance t= new ThroneInheritance("king"); // order: king\nt.birth("king", "andy"); // order: king > andy\nt.birth("king", "bob"); // order: king > andy > bob\nt.birth("king", "catherine"); // order: king > andy > bob > catherine\nt.birth("andy", "matthew"); // order: king > andy > matthew > bob > catherine\nt.birth("bob", "alex"); // order: king > andy > matthew > bob > alex > catherine\nt.birth("bob", "asha"); // order: king > andy > matthew > bob > alex > asha > catherine\nt.getInheritanceOrder(); // return ["king", "andy", "matthew", "bob", "alex", "asha", "catherine"]\nt.death("bob"); // order: king > andy > matthew > bob > alex > asha > catherine\nt.getInheritanceOrder(); // return ["king", "andy", "matthew", "alex", "asha", "catherine"]\n
\n\n

 

\n

Constraints:

\n\n\n", "translatedTitle": "王位继承顺序", "translatedContent": "

一个王国里住着国王、他的孩子们、他的孙子们等等。每一个时间点，这个家庭里有人出生也有人死亡。

\n\n

这个王国有一个明确规定的王位继承顺序，第一继承人总是国王自己。我们定义递归函数 Successor(x, curOrder) ，给定一个人 x 和当前的继承顺序，该函数返回 x 的下一继承人。

\n\n
\nSuccessor(x, curOrder):\n    如果 x 没有孩子或者所有 x 的孩子都在 curOrder 中：\n        如果 x 是国王，那么返回 null\n        否则，返回 Successor(x 的父亲, curOrder)\n    否则，返回 x 不在 curOrder 中最年长的孩子\n
\n\n

比方说，假设王国由国王，他的孩子 Alice 和 Bob （Alice 比 Bob 年长）和 Alice 的孩子 Jack 组成。

\n\n
    \n\t
  1. 一开始， curOrder 为 [\"king\"].
    2. \n\t
  2. 调用 Successor(king, curOrder) ，返回 Alice ，所以我们将 Alice 放入 curOrder 中，得到 [\"king\", \"Alice\"] 。
    3. \n\t
  3. 调用 Successor(Alice, curOrder) ，返回 Jack ，所以我们将 Jack 放入 curOrder 中，得到 [\"king\", \"Alice\", \"Jack\"] 。
    4. \n\t
  4. 调用 Successor(Jack, curOrder) ，返回 Bob ，所以我们将 Bob 放入 curOrder 中，得到 [\"king\", \"Alice\", \"Jack\", \"Bob\"] 。
    5. \n\t
  5. 调用 Successor(Bob, curOrder) ，返回 null 。最终得到继承顺序为 [\"king\", \"Alice\", \"Jack\", \"Bob\"] 。
    6. \n
\n\n

通过以上的函数，我们总是能得到一个唯一的继承顺序。

\n\n

请你实现 ThroneInheritance 类：

\n\n\n\n

 

\n\n

示例：

\n\n
\n输入：\n[\"ThroneInheritance\", \"birth\", \"birth\", \"birth\", \"birth\", \"birth\", \"birth\", \"getInheritanceOrder\", \"death\", \"getInheritanceOrder\"]\n[[\"king\"], [\"king\", \"andy\"], [\"king\", \"bob\"], [\"king\", \"catherine\"], [\"andy\", \"matthew\"], [\"bob\", \"alex\"], [\"bob\", \"asha\"], [null], [\"bob\"], [null]]\n输出：\n[null, null, null, null, null, null, null, [\"king\", \"andy\", \"matthew\", \"bob\", \"alex\", \"asha\", \"catherine\"], null, [\"king\", \"andy\", \"matthew\", \"alex\", \"asha\", \"catherine\"]]\n\n解释：\nThroneInheritance t= new ThroneInheritance(\"king\"); // 继承顺序：king\nt.birth(\"king\", \"andy\"); // 继承顺序：king > andy\nt.birth(\"king\", \"bob\"); // 继承顺序：king > andy > bob\nt.birth(\"king\", \"catherine\"); // 继承顺序：king > andy > bob > catherine\nt.birth(\"andy\", \"matthew\"); // 继承顺序：king > andy > matthew > bob > catherine\nt.birth(\"bob\", \"alex\"); // 继承顺序：king > andy > matthew > bob > alex > catherine\nt.birth(\"bob\", \"asha\"); // 继承顺序：king > andy > matthew > bob > alex > asha > catherine\nt.getInheritanceOrder(); // 返回 [\"king\", \"andy\", \"matthew\", \"bob\", \"alex\", \"asha\", \"catherine\"]\nt.death(\"bob\"); // 继承顺序：king > andy > matthew > bob（已经去世）> alex > asha > catherine\nt.getInheritanceOrder(); // 返回 [\"king\", \"andy\", \"matthew\", \"alex\", \"asha\", \"catherine\"]\n
\n\n

 

\n\n

提示：

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"translatedName": "哈希表", "__typename": "TopicTagNode" } ], "companyTagStats": null, "codeSnippets": [ { "lang": "C++", "langSlug": "cpp", "code": "class ThroneInheritance {\npublic:\n ThroneInheritance(string kingName) {\n\n }\n \n void birth(string parentName, string childName) {\n\n }\n \n void death(string name) {\n\n }\n \n vector getInheritanceOrder() {\n\n }\n};\n\n/**\n * Your ThroneInheritance object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * ThroneInheritance* obj = new ThroneInheritance(kingName);\n * obj->birth(parentName,childName);\n * obj->death(name);\n * vector param_3 = obj->getInheritanceOrder();\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Java", "langSlug": "java", "code": "class ThroneInheritance {\n\n public ThroneInheritance(String kingName) {\n\n }\n \n public void birth(String parentName, String childName) {\n\n }\n \n public void death(String name) {\n\n }\n \n public List getInheritanceOrder() {\n\n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your ThroneInheritance object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * ThroneInheritance obj = new ThroneInheritance(kingName);\n * obj.birth(parentName,childName);\n * obj.death(name);\n * List param_3 = obj.getInheritanceOrder();\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Python", "langSlug": "python", "code": "class ThroneInheritance(object):\n\n def __init__(self, kingName):\n \"\"\"\n :type kingName: str\n \"\"\"\n\n\n def birth(self, parentName, childName):\n \"\"\"\n :type parentName: str\n :type childName: str\n :rtype: None\n \"\"\"\n\n\n def death(self, name):\n \"\"\"\n :type name: str\n :rtype: None\n \"\"\"\n\n\n def getInheritanceOrder(self):\n \"\"\"\n :rtype: List[str]\n \"\"\"\n\n\n\n# Your ThroneInheritance object will be instantiated and called as such:\n# obj = ThroneInheritance(kingName)\n# obj.birth(parentName,childName)\n# obj.death(name)\n# param_3 = obj.getInheritanceOrder()", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Python3", "langSlug": "python3", "code": "class ThroneInheritance:\n\n def __init__(self, kingName: str):\n\n\n def birth(self, parentName: str, childName: str) -> None:\n\n\n def death(self, name: str) -> None:\n\n\n def getInheritanceOrder(self) -> List[str]:\n\n\n\n# Your ThroneInheritance object will be instantiated and called as such:\n# obj = ThroneInheritance(kingName)\n# obj.birth(parentName,childName)\n# obj.death(name)\n# param_3 = obj.getInheritanceOrder()", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "C", "langSlug": "c", "code": "\n\n\ntypedef struct {\n \n} ThroneInheritance;\n\n\nThroneInheritance* throneInheritanceCreate(char * kingName) {\n \n}\n\nvoid throneInheritanceBirth(ThroneInheritance* obj, char * parentName, char * childName) {\n \n}\n\nvoid throneInheritanceDeath(ThroneInheritance* obj, char * name) {\n \n}\n\nchar ** throneInheritanceGetInheritanceOrder(ThroneInheritance* obj, int* retSize) {\n \n}\n\nvoid throneInheritanceFree(ThroneInheritance* obj) {\n \n}\n\n/**\n * Your ThroneInheritance struct will be instantiated and called as such:\n * ThroneInheritance* obj = throneInheritanceCreate(kingName);\n * throneInheritanceBirth(obj, parentName, childName);\n \n * throneInheritanceDeath(obj, name);\n \n * char ** param_3 = throneInheritanceGetInheritanceOrder(obj, retSize);\n \n * throneInheritanceFree(obj);\n*/", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "C#", "langSlug": "csharp", "code": "public class ThroneInheritance {\n\n public ThroneInheritance(string kingName) {\n\n }\n \n public void Birth(string parentName, string childName) {\n\n }\n \n public void Death(string name) {\n\n }\n \n public IList GetInheritanceOrder() {\n\n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your ThroneInheritance object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * ThroneInheritance obj = new ThroneInheritance(kingName);\n * obj.Birth(parentName,childName);\n * obj.Death(name);\n * IList param_3 = obj.GetInheritanceOrder();\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "JavaScript", "langSlug": "javascript", "code": "/**\n * @param {string} kingName\n */\nvar ThroneInheritance = function(kingName) {\n\n};\n\n/** \n * @param {string} parentName \n * @param {string} childName\n * @return {void}\n */\nThroneInheritance.prototype.birth = function(parentName, childName) {\n\n};\n\n/** \n * @param {string} name\n * @return {void}\n */\nThroneInheritance.prototype.death = function(name) {\n\n};\n\n/**\n * @return {string[]}\n */\nThroneInheritance.prototype.getInheritanceOrder = function() {\n\n};\n\n/**\n * Your ThroneInheritance object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * var obj = new ThroneInheritance(kingName)\n * obj.birth(parentName,childName)\n * obj.death(name)\n * var param_3 = obj.getInheritanceOrder()\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Ruby", "langSlug": "ruby", "code": "class ThroneInheritance\n\n=begin\n :type king_name: String\n=end\n def initialize(king_name)\n\n end\n\n\n=begin\n :type parent_name: String\n :type child_name: String\n :rtype: Void\n=end\n def birth(parent_name, child_name)\n\n end\n\n\n=begin\n :type name: String\n :rtype: Void\n=end\n def death(name)\n\n end\n\n\n=begin\n :rtype: String[]\n=end\n def get_inheritance_order()\n\n end\n\n\nend\n\n# Your ThroneInheritance object will be instantiated and called as such:\n# obj = ThroneInheritance.new(king_name)\n# obj.birth(parent_name, child_name)\n# obj.death(name)\n# param_3 = obj.get_inheritance_order()", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Swift", "langSlug": "swift", "code": "\nclass ThroneInheritance {\n\n init(_ kingName: String) {\n\n }\n \n func birth(_ parentName: String, _ childName: String) {\n\n }\n \n func death(_ name: String) {\n\n }\n \n func getInheritanceOrder() -> [String] {\n\n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your ThroneInheritance object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * let obj = ThroneInheritance(kingName)\n * obj.birth(parentName, childName)\n * obj.death(name)\n * let ret_3: [String] = obj.getInheritanceOrder()\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Go", "langSlug": "golang", "code": "type ThroneInheritance struct {\n\n}\n\n\nfunc Constructor(kingName string) ThroneInheritance {\n\n}\n\n\nfunc (this *ThroneInheritance) Birth(parentName string, childName string) {\n\n}\n\n\nfunc (this *ThroneInheritance) Death(name string) {\n\n}\n\n\nfunc (this *ThroneInheritance) GetInheritanceOrder() []string {\n\n}\n\n\n/**\n * Your ThroneInheritance object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * obj := Constructor(kingName);\n * obj.Birth(parentName,childName);\n * obj.Death(name);\n * param_3 := obj.GetInheritanceOrder();\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Scala", "langSlug": "scala", "code": "class ThroneInheritance(_kingName: String) {\n\n def birth(parentName: String, childName: String) {\n\n }\n\n def death(name: String) {\n\n }\n\n def getInheritanceOrder(): List[String] = {\n\n }\n\n}\n\n/**\n * Your ThroneInheritance object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * var obj = new ThroneInheritance(kingName)\n * obj.birth(parentName,childName)\n * obj.death(name)\n * var param_3 = obj.getInheritanceOrder()\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Kotlin", "langSlug": "kotlin", "code": "class ThroneInheritance(kingName: String) {\n\n fun birth(parentName: String, childName: String) {\n\n }\n\n fun death(name: String) {\n\n }\n\n fun getInheritanceOrder(): List {\n\n }\n\n}\n\n/**\n * Your ThroneInheritance object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * var obj = ThroneInheritance(kingName)\n * obj.birth(parentName,childName)\n * obj.death(name)\n * var param_3 = obj.getInheritanceOrder()\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Rust", "langSlug": "rust", "code": "struct ThroneInheritance {\n\n}\n\n\n/**\n * `&self` means the method takes an immutable reference.\n * If you need a mutable reference, change it to `&mut self` instead.\n */\nimpl ThroneInheritance {\n\n fn new(kingName: String) -> Self {\n\n }\n \n fn birth(&self, parent_name: String, child_name: String) {\n\n }\n \n fn death(&self, name: String) {\n\n }\n \n fn get_inheritance_order(&self) -> Vec {\n\n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your ThroneInheritance object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * let obj = ThroneInheritance::new(kingName);\n * obj.birth(parentName, childName);\n * obj.death(name);\n * let ret_3: Vec = obj.get_inheritance_order();\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "PHP", "langSlug": "php", "code": "class ThroneInheritance {\n /**\n * @param String $kingName\n */\n function __construct($kingName) {\n\n }\n\n /**\n * @param String $parentName\n * @param String $childName\n * @return NULL\n */\n function birth($parentName, $childName) {\n\n }\n\n /**\n * @param String $name\n * @return NULL\n */\n function death($name) {\n\n }\n\n /**\n * @return String[]\n */\n function getInheritanceOrder() {\n\n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your ThroneInheritance object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * $obj = ThroneInheritance($kingName);\n * $obj->birth($parentName, $childName);\n * $obj->death($name);\n * $ret_3 = $obj->getInheritanceOrder();\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "TypeScript", "langSlug": "typescript", "code": "class ThroneInheritance {\n constructor(kingName: string) {\n\n }\n\n birth(parentName: string, childName: string): void {\n\n }\n\n death(name: string): void {\n\n }\n\n getInheritanceOrder(): string[] {\n\n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your ThroneInheritance object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * var obj = new ThroneInheritance(kingName)\n * obj.birth(parentName,childName)\n * obj.death(name)\n * var param_3 = obj.getInheritanceOrder()\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Racket", "langSlug": "racket", "code": "(define throne-inheritance%\n (class object%\n (super-new)\n\n ; king-name : string?\n (init-field\n king-name)\n \n ; birth : string? string? -> void?\n (define/public (birth parentName childName)\n\n )\n ; death : string? -> void?\n (define/public (death name)\n\n )\n ; get-inheritance-order : -> (listof string?)\n (define/public (get-inheritance-order)\n\n )))\n\n;; Your throne-inheritance% object will be instantiated and called as such:\n;; (define obj (new throne-inheritance% [kingName kingName]))\n;; (send obj birth parent-name child-name)\n;; (send obj death name)\n;; (define param_3 (send obj get-inheritance-order))", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Erlang", "langSlug": "erlang", "code": "-spec throne_inheritance_init_(KingName :: unicode:unicode_binary()) -> any().\nthrone_inheritance_init_(KingName) ->\n .\n\n-spec throne_inheritance_birth(ParentName :: unicode:unicode_binary(), ChildName :: unicode:unicode_binary()) -> any().\nthrone_inheritance_birth(ParentName, ChildName) ->\n .\n\n-spec throne_inheritance_death(Name :: unicode:unicode_binary()) -> any().\nthrone_inheritance_death(Name) ->\n .\n\n-spec throne_inheritance_get_inheritance_order() -> [unicode:unicode_binary()].\nthrone_inheritance_get_inheritance_order() ->\n .\n\n\n%% Your functions will be called as such:\n%% throne_inheritance_init_(KingName),\n%% throne_inheritance_birth(ParentName, ChildName),\n%% throne_inheritance_death(Name),\n%% Param_3 = throne_inheritance_get_inheritance_order(),\n\n%% throne_inheritance_init_ will be called before every test case, in which you can do some necessary initializations.", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Elixir", "langSlug": "elixir", "code": "defmodule ThroneInheritance do\n @spec init_(king_name :: String.t) :: any\n def init_(king_name) do\n\n end\n\n @spec birth(parent_name :: String.t, child_name :: String.t) :: any\n def birth(parent_name, child_name) do\n\n end\n\n @spec death(name :: String.t) :: any\n def death(name) do\n\n end\n\n @spec get_inheritance_order() :: [String.t]\n def get_inheritance_order() do\n\n end\nend\n\n# Your functions will be called as such:\n# ThroneInheritance.init_(king_name)\n# ThroneInheritance.birth(parent_name, child_name)\n# ThroneInheritance.death(name)\n# param_3 = ThroneInheritance.get_inheritance_order()\n\n# ThroneInheritance.init_ will be called before every test case, in which you can do some necessary initializations.", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" } ], "stats": "{\"totalAccepted\": \"17.8K\", \"totalSubmission\": \"26.5K\", \"totalAcceptedRaw\": 17760, \"totalSubmissionRaw\": 26483, \"acRate\": \"67.1%\"}", "hints": [ "Create a tree structure of the family.", "Without deaths, the order of inheritance is simply a pre-order traversal of the tree.", "Mark the dead family members tree nodes and don't include them in the final order." ], "solution": null, "status": null, "sampleTestCase": "[\"ThroneInheritance\",\"birth\",\"birth\",\"birth\",\"birth\",\"birth\",\"birth\",\"getInheritanceOrder\",\"death\",\"getInheritanceOrder\"]\n[[\"king\"],[\"king\",\"andy\"],[\"king\",\"bob\"],[\"king\",\"catherine\"],[\"andy\",\"matthew\"],[\"bob\",\"alex\"],[\"bob\",\"asha\"],[null],[\"bob\"],[null]]", "metaData": "{\n \"classname\": \"ThroneInheritance\",\n \"constructor\": {\n \"params\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"string\",\n \"name\": \"kingName\"\n }\n ]\n },\n \"methods\": [\n {\n \"params\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"string\",\n \"name\": \"parentName\"\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"string\",\n \"name\": \"childName\"\n }\n ],\n \"name\": \"birth\",\n \"return\": {\n \"type\": \"void\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"params\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"string\",\n \"name\": \"name\"\n }\n ],\n \"name\": \"death\",\n \"return\": {\n \"type\": \"void\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"params\": [],\n \"return\": {\n \"type\": \"list\"\n },\n \"name\": \"getInheritanceOrder\"\n }\n ],\n \"return\": {\n \"type\": \"boolean\"\n },\n 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            "exampleTestcases": "[\"ThroneInheritance\",\"birth\",\"birth\",\"birth\",\"birth\",\"birth\",\"birth\",\"getInheritanceOrder\",\"death\",\"getInheritanceOrder\"]\n[[\"king\"],[\"king\",\"andy\"],[\"king\",\"bob\"],[\"king\",\"catherine\"],[\"andy\",\"matthew\"],[\"bob\",\"alex\"],[\"bob\",\"asha\"],[null],[\"bob\"],[null]]",
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}