A gene string can be represented by an 8-character long string, with choices from 'A', 'C', 'G', and 'T'.
Suppose we need to investigate a mutation from a gene string startGene to a gene string endGene where one mutation is defined as one single character changed in the gene string.
"AACCGGTT" --> "AACCGGTA" is one mutation.There is also a gene bank bank that records all the valid gene mutations. A gene must be in bank to make it a valid gene string.
Given the two gene strings startGene and endGene and the gene bank bank, return the minimum number of mutations needed to mutate from startGene to endGene. If there is no such a mutation, return -1.
Note that the starting point is assumed to be valid, so it might not be included in the bank.
\n\n\n
Example 1:
\n\n\nInput: startGene = "AACCGGTT", endGene = "AACCGGTA", bank = ["AACCGGTA"]\nOutput: 1\n\n\n
Example 2:
\n\n\nInput: startGene = "AACCGGTT", endGene = "AAACGGTA", bank = ["AACCGGTA","AACCGCTA","AAACGGTA"]\nOutput: 2\n\n\n
\n
Constraints:
\n\n0 <= bank.length <= 10startGene.length == endGene.length == bank[i].length == 8startGene, endGene, and bank[i] consist of only the characters ['A', 'C', 'G', 'T'].基因序列可以表示为一条由 8 个字符组成的字符串，其中每个字符都是 'A'、'C'、'G' 和 'T' 之一。
假设我们需要调查从基因序列 start 变为 end 所发生的基因变化。一次基因变化就意味着这个基因序列中的一个字符发生了变化。
\"AACCGGTT\" --> \"AACCGGTA\" 就是一次基因变化。另有一个基因库 bank 记录了所有有效的基因变化，只有基因库中的基因才是有效的基因序列。（变化后的基因必须位于基因库 bank 中）
给你两个基因序列 start 和 end ，以及一个基因库 bank ，请你找出并返回能够使 start 变化为 end 所需的最少变化次数。如果无法完成此基因变化，返回 -1 。
注意：起始基因序列 start 默认是有效的，但是它并不一定会出现在基因库中。
\n\n
示例 1：
\n\n\n输入：start = \"AACCGGTT\", end = \"AACCGGTA\", bank = [\"AACCGGTA\"]\n输出：1\n\n\n
示例 2：
\n\n\n输入：start = \"AACCGGTT\", end = \"AAACGGTA\", bank = [\"AACCGGTA\",\"AACCGCTA\",\"AAACGGTA\"]\n输出：2\n\n\n
示例 3：
\n\n\n输入：start = \"AAAAACCC\", end = \"AACCCCCC\", bank = [\"AAAACCCC\",\"AAACCCCC\",\"AACCCCCC\"]\n输出：3\n\n\n
\n\n
提示：
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collections<\\/a>\\u3002\\u5982\\u679c\\u60a8\\u9700\\u8981\\u4f7f\\u7528\\u5176\\u4ed6\\u5e93\\u51fd\\u6570\\uff0c\\u8bf7\\u81ea\\u884c\\u5bfc\\u5165\\u3002<\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n \\u6ce8\\u610f Python 2.7 \\u5c06\\u57282020\\u5e74\\u540e\\u4e0d\\u518d\\u7ef4\\u62a4<\\/a>\\u3002 \\u5982\\u60f3\\u4f7f\\u7528\\u6700\\u65b0\\u7248\\u7684Python\\uff0c\\u8bf7\\u9009\\u62e9Python 3\\u3002<\\/p>\"],\"c\":[\"C\",\" \\u7248\\u672c\\uff1a \\u7f16\\u8bd1\\u65f6\\uff0c\\u5c06\\u4f1a\\u91c7\\u7528 \\u4e3a\\u4e86\\u4f7f\\u7528\\u65b9\\u4fbf\\uff0c\\u5927\\u90e8\\u5206\\u6807\\u51c6\\u5e93\\u7684\\u5934\\u6587\\u4ef6\\u5df2\\u7ecf\\u88ab\\u81ea\\u52a8\\u5bfc\\u5165\\u3002<\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n \\u5982\\u60f3\\u4f7f\\u7528\\u54c8\\u5e0c\\u8868\\u8fd0\\u7b97, \\u60a8\\u53ef\\u4ee5\\u4f7f\\u7528 uthash<\\/a>\\u3002 \\\"uthash.h\\\"\\u5df2\\u7ecf\\u9ed8\\u8ba4\\u88ab\\u5bfc\\u5165\\u3002\\u8bf7\\u770b\\u5982\\u4e0b\\u793a\\u4f8b:<\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n 1. 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