{ "data": { "question": { "questionId": "100307", "questionFrontendId": "LCR 156", "categoryTitle": "Algorithms", "boundTopicId": 87125, "title": "序列化与反序列化二叉树", "titleSlug": "xu-lie-hua-er-cha-shu-lcof", "content": "English description is not available for the problem. Please switch to Chinese.", "translatedTitle": "序列化与反序列化二叉树", "translatedContent": "

序列化是将一个数据结构或者对象转换为连续的比特位的操作，进而可以将转换后的数据存储在一个文件或者内存中，同时也可以通过网络传输到另一个计算机环境，采取相反方式重构得到原数据。

\n\n

请设计一个算法来实现二叉树的序列化与反序列化。这里不限定你的序列 / 反序列化算法执行逻辑，你只需要保证一个二叉树可以被序列化为一个字符串并且将这个字符串反序列化为原始的树结构。

\n\n

提示: 输入输出格式与 LeetCode 目前使用的方式一致，详情请参阅 LeetCode 序列化二叉树的格式。你并非必须采取这种方式，你也可以采用其他的方法解决这个问题。

\n\n

 

\n\n

示例 1：

\n\"\"\n
\n输入：root = [1,2,3,null,null,4,5]\n输出：[1,2,3,null,null,4,5]\n
\n\n

示例 2：

\n\n
\n输入：root = []\n输出：[]\n
\n\n

示例 3：

\n\n
\n输入：root = [1]\n输出：[1]\n
\n\n

示例 4：

\n\n
\n输入：root = [1,2]\n输出：[1,2]\n
\n\n

 

\n\n

提示：

\n\n\n\n

注意：本题与主站 297 题相同：https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/serialize-and-deserialize-binary-tree/

\n\n

 

\n\n

 

\n", "isPaidOnly": false, "difficulty": "Hard", "likes": 433, "dislikes": 0, "isLiked": null, "similarQuestions": "[]", "contributors": [], "langToValidPlayground": "{\"cpp\": true, \"java\": true, \"python\": true, \"python3\": true, \"mysql\": false, \"mssql\": false, \"oraclesql\": false, \"c\": false, \"csharp\": false, \"javascript\": false, \"typescript\": false, \"bash\": false, \"php\": false, \"swift\": false, \"kotlin\": false, \"dart\": false, \"golang\": false, \"ruby\": false, \"scala\": false, \"html\": false, \"pythonml\": false, \"rust\": false, \"racket\": false, \"erlang\": false, \"elixir\": false, \"pythondata\": false, \"react\": false, \"vanillajs\": false, \"postgresql\": false}", "topicTags": [ { "name": "Tree", "slug": "tree", "translatedName": "树", "__typename": "TopicTagNode" }, { "name": "Depth-First Search", "slug": "depth-first-search", "translatedName": "深度优先搜索", "__typename": "TopicTagNode" }, { "name": "Breadth-First Search", "slug": "breadth-first-search", "translatedName": "广度优先搜索", "__typename": "TopicTagNode" }, { "name": "Design", "slug": "design", "translatedName": "设计", "__typename": "TopicTagNode" }, { "name": "String", "slug": "string", "translatedName": "字符串", "__typename": "TopicTagNode" }, { "name": "Binary Tree", "slug": "binary-tree", "translatedName": "二叉树", "__typename": "TopicTagNode" } ], "companyTagStats": null, "codeSnippets": [ { "lang": "C++", "langSlug": "cpp", "code": "/**\n * Definition for a binary tree node.\n * struct TreeNode {\n * int val;\n * TreeNode *left;\n * TreeNode *right;\n * TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(NULL), right(NULL) {}\n * };\n */\nclass Codec {\npublic:\n\n // Encodes a tree to a single string.\n string serialize(TreeNode* root) {\n \n }\n\n // Decodes your encoded data to tree.\n TreeNode* deserialize(string data) {\n \n }\n};\n\n// Your Codec object will be instantiated and called as such:\n// Codec codec;\n// codec.deserialize(codec.serialize(root));", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Java", "langSlug": "java", "code": "/**\n * Definition for a binary tree node.\n * public class TreeNode {\n * int val;\n * TreeNode left;\n * TreeNode right;\n * TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }\n * }\n */\npublic class Codec {\n\n // Encodes a tree to a single string.\n public String serialize(TreeNode root) {\n \n }\n\n // Decodes your encoded data to tree.\n public TreeNode deserialize(String data) {\n \n }\n}\n\n// Your Codec object will be instantiated and called as such:\n// Codec codec = new Codec();\n// codec.deserialize(codec.serialize(root));", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Python", "langSlug": "python", "code": "# Definition for a binary tree node.\n# class TreeNode(object):\n# def __init__(self, x):\n# self.val = x\n# self.left = None\n# self.right = None\n\nclass Codec:\n\n def serialize(self, root):\n \"\"\"Encodes a tree to a single string.\n \n :type root: TreeNode\n :rtype: str\n \"\"\"\n \n\n def deserialize(self, data):\n \"\"\"Decodes your encoded data to tree.\n \n :type data: str\n :rtype: TreeNode\n \"\"\"\n \n\n# Your Codec object will be instantiated and called as such:\n# codec = Codec()\n# codec.deserialize(codec.serialize(root))", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Python3", "langSlug": "python3", "code": "# Definition for a binary tree node.\n# class TreeNode(object):\n# def __init__(self, x):\n# self.val = x\n# self.left = None\n# self.right = None\n\nclass Codec:\n\n def serialize(self, root):\n \"\"\"Encodes a tree to a single string.\n \n :type root: TreeNode\n :rtype: str\n \"\"\"\n \n\n def deserialize(self, data):\n \"\"\"Decodes your encoded data to tree.\n \n :type data: str\n :rtype: TreeNode\n \"\"\"\n \n\n# Your Codec object will be instantiated and called as such:\n# codec = Codec()\n# codec.deserialize(codec.serialize(root))", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "C", "langSlug": "c", "code": "/**\n * Definition for a binary tree node.\n * struct TreeNode {\n * int val;\n * struct TreeNode *left;\n * struct TreeNode *right;\n * };\n */\n/** Encodes a tree to a single string. */\nchar* serialize(struct TreeNode* root) {\n \n}\n\n/** Decodes your encoded data to tree. */\nstruct TreeNode* deserialize(char* data) {\n \n}\n\n// Your functions will be called as such:\n// char* data = serialize(root);\n// deserialize(data);", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "C#", "langSlug": "csharp", "code": "/**\n * Definition for a binary tree node.\n * public class TreeNode {\n * public int val;\n * public TreeNode left;\n * public TreeNode right;\n * public TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }\n * }\n */\npublic class Codec {\n\n // Encodes a tree to a single string.\n public string serialize(TreeNode root) {\n \n }\n\n // Decodes your encoded data to tree.\n public TreeNode deserialize(string data) {\n \n }\n}\n\n// Your Codec object will be instantiated and called as such:\n// Codec codec = new Codec();\n// codec.deserialize(codec.serialize(root));", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "JavaScript", "langSlug": "javascript", "code": "/**\n * Definition for a binary tree node.\n * function TreeNode(val) {\n * this.val = val;\n * this.left = this.right = null;\n * }\n */\n\n/**\n * Encodes a tree to a single string.\n *\n * @param {TreeNode} root\n * @return {string}\n */\nvar serialize = function(root) {\n \n};\n\n/**\n * Decodes your encoded data to tree.\n *\n * @param {string} data\n * @return {TreeNode}\n */\nvar deserialize = function(data) {\n \n};\n\n/**\n * Your functions will be called as such:\n * deserialize(serialize(root));\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Ruby", "langSlug": "ruby", "code": "# Definition for a binary tree node.\n# class TreeNode\n# attr_accessor :val, :left, :right\n# def initialize(val)\n# @val = val\n# @left, @right = nil, nil\n# end\n# end\n\n# Encodes a tree to a single string.\n#\n# @param {TreeNode} root\n# @return {string}\ndef serialize(root)\n \nend\n\n# Decodes your encoded data to tree.\n#\n# @param {string} data\n# @return {TreeNode}\ndef deserialize(data)\n \nend\n\n\n# Your functions will be called as such:\n# deserialize(serialize(data))", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" } ], "stats": "{\"totalAccepted\": \"143K\", \"totalSubmission\": \"249.8K\", \"totalAcceptedRaw\": 143005, \"totalSubmissionRaw\": 249827, \"acRate\": \"57.2%\"}", "hints": [], "solution": null, "status": null, "sampleTestCase": "[1,2,3,null,null,4,5]", "metaData": "{\r\n \"name\": \"Codec\",\r\n \"params\": [\r\n {\r\n \"name\": \"root\",\r\n \"type\": \"TreeNode\"\r\n }\r\n ],\r\n \"return\": {\r\n \"type\": \"string\"\r\n },\r\n \"languages\": [\r\n \"cpp\",\r\n \"java\",\r\n \"python\",\r\n \"c\",\r\n \"csharp\",\r\n \"javascript\",\r\n \"ruby\",\r\n \"python3\"\r\n ],\r\n \"manual\": true\r\n}", "judgerAvailable": true, "judgeType": "large", "mysqlSchemas": [], "enableRunCode": true, "envInfo": "{\"cpp\":[\"C++\",\"

\\u7248\\u672c\\uff1aclang 11<\\/code> \\u91c7\\u7528\\u6700\\u65b0C++ 20\\u6807\\u51c6\\u3002<\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n

\\u7f16\\u8bd1\\u65f6\\uff0c\\u5c06\\u4f1a\\u91c7\\u7528-O2<\\/code>\\u7ea7\\u4f18\\u5316\\u3002AddressSanitizer<\\/a> \\u4e5f\\u88ab\\u5f00\\u542f\\u6765\\u68c0\\u6d4bout-of-bounds<\\/code>\\u548cuse-after-free<\\/code>\\u9519\\u8bef\\u3002<\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n

\\u4e3a\\u4e86\\u4f7f\\u7528\\u65b9\\u4fbf\\uff0c\\u5927\\u90e8\\u5206\\u6807\\u51c6\\u5e93\\u7684\\u5934\\u6587\\u4ef6\\u5df2\\u7ecf\\u88ab\\u81ea\\u52a8\\u5bfc\\u5165\\u3002<\\/p>\"],\"java\":[\"Java\",\"

\\u7248\\u672c\\uff1aOpenJDK 17<\\/code>\\u3002\\u53ef\\u4ee5\\u4f7f\\u7528Java 8\\u7684\\u7279\\u6027\\u4f8b\\u5982\\uff0clambda expressions \\u548c stream API\\u3002<\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n

\\u4e3a\\u4e86\\u65b9\\u4fbf\\u8d77\\u89c1\\uff0c\\u5927\\u90e8\\u5206\\u6807\\u51c6\\u5e93\\u7684\\u5934\\u6587\\u4ef6\\u5df2\\u88ab\\u5bfc\\u5165\\u3002<\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n

\\u5305\\u542b Pair \\u7c7b: https:\\/\\/docs.oracle.com\\/javase\\/8\\/javafx\\/api\\/javafx\\/util\\/Pair.html <\\/p>\"],\"python\":[\"Python\",\"

\\u7248\\u672c\\uff1a Python 2.7.12<\\/code><\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n

\\u4e3a\\u4e86\\u65b9\\u4fbf\\u8d77\\u89c1\\uff0c\\u5927\\u90e8\\u5206\\u5e38\\u7528\\u5e93\\u5df2\\u7ecf\\u88ab\\u81ea\\u52a8 \\u5bfc\\u5165\\uff0c\\u5982\\uff1aarray<\\/a>, bisect<\\/a>, collections<\\/a>\\u3002\\u5982\\u679c\\u60a8\\u9700\\u8981\\u4f7f\\u7528\\u5176\\u4ed6\\u5e93\\u51fd\\u6570\\uff0c\\u8bf7\\u81ea\\u884c\\u5bfc\\u5165\\u3002<\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n

\\u6ce8\\u610f Python 2.7 \\u5c06\\u57282020\\u5e74\\u540e\\u4e0d\\u518d\\u7ef4\\u62a4<\\/a>\\u3002 \\u5982\\u60f3\\u4f7f\\u7528\\u6700\\u65b0\\u7248\\u7684Python\\uff0c\\u8bf7\\u9009\\u62e9Python 3\\u3002<\\/p>\"],\"c\":[\"C\",\"

\\u7248\\u672c\\uff1aGCC 8.2<\\/code>\\uff0c\\u91c7\\u7528GNU11\\u6807\\u51c6\\u3002<\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n

\\u7f16\\u8bd1\\u65f6\\uff0c\\u5c06\\u4f1a\\u91c7\\u7528-O1<\\/code>\\u7ea7\\u4f18\\u5316\\u3002 AddressSanitizer<\\/a>\\u4e5f\\u88ab\\u5f00\\u542f\\u6765\\u68c0\\u6d4bout-of-bounds<\\/code>\\u548cuse-after-free<\\/code>\\u9519\\u8bef\\u3002<\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n

\\u4e3a\\u4e86\\u4f7f\\u7528\\u65b9\\u4fbf\\uff0c\\u5927\\u90e8\\u5206\\u6807\\u51c6\\u5e93\\u7684\\u5934\\u6587\\u4ef6\\u5df2\\u7ecf\\u88ab\\u81ea\\u52a8\\u5bfc\\u5165\\u3002<\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n

\\u5982\\u60f3\\u4f7f\\u7528\\u54c8\\u5e0c\\u8868\\u8fd0\\u7b97, \\u60a8\\u53ef\\u4ee5\\u4f7f\\u7528 uthash<\\/a>\\u3002 \\\"uthash.h\\\"\\u5df2\\u7ecf\\u9ed8\\u8ba4\\u88ab\\u5bfc\\u5165\\u3002\\u8bf7\\u770b\\u5982\\u4e0b\\u793a\\u4f8b:<\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n

1. \\u5f80\\u54c8\\u5e0c\\u8868\\u4e2d\\u6dfb\\u52a0\\u4e00\\u4e2a\\u5bf9\\u8c61\\uff1a<\\/b>\\r\\n

\\r\\nstruct hash_entry {\\r\\n    int id;            \\/* we'll use this field as the key *\\/\\r\\n    char name[10];\\r\\n    UT_hash_handle hh; \\/* makes this structure hashable *\\/\\r\\n};\\r\\n\\r\\nstruct hash_entry *users = NULL;\\r\\n\\r\\nvoid add_user(struct hash_entry *s) {\\r\\n    HASH_ADD_INT(users, id, s);\\r\\n}\\r\\n<\\/pre>\\r\\n<\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n
2. \\u5728\\u54c8\\u5e0c\\u8868\\u4e2d\\u67e5\\u627e\\u4e00\\u4e2a\\u5bf9\\u8c61\\uff1a<\\/b>\\r\\n
\\r\\nstruct hash_entry *find_user(int user_id) {\\r\\n    struct hash_entry *s;\\r\\n    HASH_FIND_INT(users, &user_id, s);\\r\\n    return s;\\r\\n}\\r\\n<\\/pre>\\r\\n<\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n
3. \\u4ece\\u54c8\\u5e0c\\u8868\\u4e2d\\u5220\\u9664\\u4e00\\u4e2a\\u5bf9\\u8c61\\uff1a<\\/b>\\r\\n
\\r\\nvoid delete_user(struct hash_entry *user) {\\r\\n    HASH_DEL(users, user);  \\r\\n}\\r\\n<\\/pre>\\r\\n<\\/p>\"],\"csharp\":[\"C#\",\"
C# 10<\\/a> \\u8fd0\\u884c\\u5728 .NET 6 \\u4e0a<\\/p>\"],\"javascript\":[\"JavaScript\",\"
\\u7248\\u672c\\uff1aNode.js 16.13.2<\\/code><\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n
\\u60a8\\u7684\\u4ee3\\u7801\\u5728\\u6267\\u884c\\u65f6\\u5c06\\u5e26\\u4e0a --harmony<\\/code> \\u6807\\u8bb0\\u6765\\u5f00\\u542f \\u65b0\\u7248ES6\\u7279\\u6027<\\/a>\\u3002<\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n
lodash.js<\\/a> \\u5e93\\u5df2\\u7ecf\\u9ed8\\u8ba4\\u88ab\\u5305\\u542b\\u3002<\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n
 \\u5982\\u9700\\u4f7f\\u7528\\u961f\\u5217\\/\\u4f18\\u5148\\u961f\\u5217\\uff0c\\u60a8\\u53ef\\u4f7f\\u7528  datastructures-js\\/priority-queue@5.3.0<\\/a> \\u548c  datastructures-js\\/queue@4.2.1<\\/a>\\u3002<\\/p>\"],\"ruby\":[\"Ruby\",\"
\\u4f7f\\u7528Ruby 3.1<\\/code>\\u6267\\u884c<\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n
\\u4e00\\u4e9b\\u5e38\\u7528\\u7684\\u6570\\u636e\\u7ed3\\u6784\\u5df2\\u5728 Algorithms \\u6a21\\u5757\\u4e2d\\u63d0\\u4f9b\\uff1ahttps:\\/\\/www.rubydoc.info\\/github\\/kanwei\\/algorithms\\/Algorithms<\\/p>\"],\"python3\":[\"Python3\",\"
\\u7248\\u672c\\uff1aPython 3.10<\\/code><\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n
\\u4e3a\\u4e86\\u65b9\\u4fbf\\u8d77\\u89c1\\uff0c\\u5927\\u90e8\\u5206\\u5e38\\u7528\\u5e93\\u5df2\\u7ecf\\u88ab\\u81ea\\u52a8 \\u5bfc\\u5165\\uff0c\\u5982array<\\/a>, bisect<\\/a>, collections<\\/a>\\u3002 \\u5982\\u679c\\u60a8\\u9700\\u8981\\u4f7f\\u7528\\u5176\\u4ed6\\u5e93\\u51fd\\u6570\\uff0c\\u8bf7\\u81ea\\u884c\\u5bfc\\u5165\\u3002<\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n
\\u5982\\u9700\\u4f7f\\u7528 Map\\/TreeMap \\u6570\\u636e\\u7ed3\\u6784\\uff0c\\u60a8\\u53ef\\u4f7f\\u7528 sortedcontainers<\\/a> \\u5e93\\u3002<\\/p>\"]}",
            "book": null,
            "isSubscribed": false,
            "isDailyQuestion": false,
            "dailyRecordStatus": null,
            "editorType": "CKEDITOR",
            "ugcQuestionId": null,
            "style": "LEETCODE",
            "exampleTestcases": "[1,2,3,null,null,4,5]\n[]\n[1]\n[1,2]",
            "__typename": "QuestionNode"
        }
    }
}