{ "data": { "question": { "questionId": "3032", "questionFrontendId": "2836", "categoryTitle": "Algorithms", "boundTopicId": 2404057, "title": "Maximize Value of Function in a Ball Passing Game", "titleSlug": "maximize-value-of-function-in-a-ball-passing-game", "content": "
You are given a 0-indexed integer array receiver
of length n
and an integer k
.
There are n
players having a unique id in the range [0, n - 1]
who will play a ball passing game, and receiver[i]
is the id of the player who receives passes from the player with id i
. Players can pass to themselves, i.e. receiver[i]
may be equal to i
.
You must choose one of the n
players as the starting player for the game, and the ball will be passed exactly k
times starting from the chosen player.
For a chosen starting player having id x
, we define a function f(x)
that denotes the sum of x
and the ids of all players who receive the ball during the k
passes, including repetitions. In other words, f(x) = x + receiver[x] + receiver[receiver[x]] + ... + receiver(k)[x]
.
Your task is to choose a starting player having id x
that maximizes the value of f(x)
.
Return an integer denoting the maximum value of the function.
\n\nNote: receiver
may contain duplicates.
\n
Example 1:
\n\nPass Number | \n\t\t\tSender ID | \n\t\t\tReceiver ID | \n\t\t\tx + Receiver IDs | \n\t\t
---|---|---|---|
\n\t\t\t | \n\t\t\t | \n\t\t\t | 2 | \n\t\t
1 | \n\t\t\t2 | \n\t\t\t1 | \n\t\t\t3 | \n\t\t
2 | \n\t\t\t1 | \n\t\t\t0 | \n\t\t\t3 | \n\t\t
3 | \n\t\t\t0 | \n\t\t\t2 | \n\t\t\t5 | \n\t\t
4 | \n\t\t\t2 | \n\t\t\t1 | \n\t\t\t6 | \n\t\t
\nInput: receiver = [2,0,1], k = 4\nOutput: 6\nExplanation: The table above shows a simulation of the game starting with the player having id x = 2. \nFrom the table, f(2) is equal to 6. \nIt can be shown that 6 is the maximum achievable value of the function. \nHence, the output is 6. \n\n\n
Example 2:
\n\nPass Number | \n\t\t\tSender ID | \n\t\t\tReceiver ID | \n\t\t\tx + Receiver IDs | \n\t\t
---|---|---|---|
\n\t\t\t | \n\t\t\t | \n\t\t\t | 4 | \n\t\t
1 | \n\t\t\t4 | \n\t\t\t3 | \n\t\t\t7 | \n\t\t
2 | \n\t\t\t3 | \n\t\t\t2 | \n\t\t\t9 | \n\t\t
3 | \n\t\t\t2 | \n\t\t\t1 | \n\t\t\t10 | \n\t\t
\nInput: receiver = [1,1,1,2,3], k = 3\nOutput: 10\nExplanation: The table above shows a simulation of the game starting with the player having id x = 4. \nFrom the table, f(4) is equal to 10. \nIt can be shown that 10 is the maximum achievable value of the function. \nHence, the output is 10. \n\n\n
\n
Constraints:
\n\n1 <= receiver.length == n <= 105
0 <= receiver[i] <= n - 1
1 <= k <= 1010
给你一个长度为 n
下标从 0 开始的整数数组 receiver
和一个整数 k
。
总共有 n
名玩家,玩家 编号 互不相同,且为 [0, n - 1]
中的整数。这些玩家玩一个传球游戏,receiver[i]
表示编号为 i
的玩家会传球给编号为 receiver[i]
的玩家。玩家可以传球给自己,也就是说 receiver[i]
可能等于 i
。
你需要从 n
名玩家中选择一名玩家作为游戏开始时唯一手中有球的玩家,球会被传 恰好 k
次。
如果选择编号为 x
的玩家作为开始玩家,定义函数 f(x)
表示从编号为 x
的玩家开始,k
次传球内所有接触过球玩家的编号之 和 ,如果有玩家多次触球,则 累加多次 。换句话说, f(x) = x + receiver[x] + receiver[receiver[x]] + ... + receiver(k)[x]
。
你的任务时选择开始玩家 x
,目的是 最大化 f(x)
。
请你返回函数的 最大值 。
\n\n注意:receiver
可能含有重复元素。
\n\n
示例 1:
\n\n传递次数 | \n\t\t\t传球者编号 | \n\t\t\t接球者编号 | \n\t\t\tx + 所有接球者编号 | \n\t\t
---|---|---|---|
\n\t\t\t | \n\t\t\t | \n\t\t\t | 2 | \n\t\t
1 | \n\t\t\t2 | \n\t\t\t1 | \n\t\t\t3 | \n\t\t
2 | \n\t\t\t1 | \n\t\t\t0 | \n\t\t\t3 | \n\t\t
3 | \n\t\t\t0 | \n\t\t\t2 | \n\t\t\t5 | \n\t\t
4 | \n\t\t\t2 | \n\t\t\t1 | \n\t\t\t6 | \n\t\t
\n\n
\n输入:receiver = [2,0,1], k = 4\n输出:6\n解释:上表展示了从编号为 x = 2 开始的游戏过程。\n从表中可知,f(2) 等于 6 。\n6 是能得到最大的函数值。\n所以输出为 6 。\n\n\n
示例 2:
\n\n传递次数 | \n\t\t\t传球者编号 | \n\t\t\t接球者编号 | \n\t\t\tx + 所有接球者编号 | \n\t\t
---|---|---|---|
\n\t\t\t | \n\t\t\t | \n\t\t\t | 4 | \n\t\t
1 | \n\t\t\t4 | \n\t\t\t3 | \n\t\t\t7 | \n\t\t
2 | \n\t\t\t3 | \n\t\t\t2 | \n\t\t\t9 | \n\t\t
3 | \n\t\t\t2 | \n\t\t\t1 | \n\t\t\t10 | \n\t\t
\n\n
\n输入:receiver = [1,1,1,2,3], k = 3\n输出:10\n解释:上表展示了从编号为 x = 4 开始的游戏过程。\n从表中可知,f(4) 等于 10 。\n10 是能得到最大的函数值。\n所以输出为 10 。\n\n\n
\n\n
提示:
\n\n1 <= receiver.length == n <= 105
0 <= receiver[i] <= n - 1
1 <= k <= 1010
x
and for every i
in the range [0, ceil(log2k)]
, we can determine the last receiver's id and compute the sum of player ids who receive the ball after 2i
passes, starting from x
.last_receiver[x][i] =
the last receiver's id after 2i
passes, and sum[x][i] =
the sum of player ids who receive the ball after 2i
passes. For all x
in the range [0, n - 1]
, last_receiver[x][0] = receiver[x]
, and sum[x][0] = receiver[x]
.i
in range [1, ceil(log2k)]
, last_receiver[x][i] = last_receiver[last_receiver[x][i - 1]][i - 1]
and sum[x][i] = sum[x][i - 1] + sum[last_receiver[x][i - 1]][i - 1]
, for all x
in the range [0, n - 1]
.x
, we can now go through the powers of 2
in the binary representation of k
and make jumps corresponding to each power, using the pre-computed values, to compute f(x)
.f(x)
from each player id.\\u7248\\u672c\\uff1a \\u7f16\\u8bd1\\u65f6\\uff0c\\u5c06\\u4f1a\\u91c7\\u7528 \\u4e3a\\u4e86\\u4f7f\\u7528\\u65b9\\u4fbf\\uff0c\\u5927\\u90e8\\u5206\\u6807\\u51c6\\u5e93\\u7684\\u5934\\u6587\\u4ef6\\u5df2\\u7ecf\\u88ab\\u81ea\\u52a8\\u5bfc\\u5165\\u3002<\\/p>\"],\"java\":[\"Java\",\" \\u7248\\u672c\\uff1a \\u4e3a\\u4e86\\u65b9\\u4fbf\\u8d77\\u89c1\\uff0c\\u5927\\u90e8\\u5206\\u6807\\u51c6\\u5e93\\u7684\\u5934\\u6587\\u4ef6\\u5df2\\u88ab\\u5bfc\\u5165\\u3002<\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n \\u5305\\u542b Pair \\u7c7b: https:\\/\\/docs.oracle.com\\/javase\\/8\\/javafx\\/api\\/javafx\\/util\\/Pair.html <\\/p>\"],\"python\":[\"Python\",\" \\u7248\\u672c\\uff1a \\u4e3a\\u4e86\\u65b9\\u4fbf\\u8d77\\u89c1\\uff0c\\u5927\\u90e8\\u5206\\u5e38\\u7528\\u5e93\\u5df2\\u7ecf\\u88ab\\u81ea\\u52a8 \\u5bfc\\u5165\\uff0c\\u5982\\uff1aarray<\\/a>, bisect<\\/a>, 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