{ "data": { "question": { "questionId": "100195", "questionFrontendId": "面试题 03.03", "categoryTitle": "LCCI", "boundTopicId": 49272, "title": "Stack of Plates LCCI", "titleSlug": "stack-of-plates-lcci", "content": "
Imagine a (literal) stack of plates. If the stack gets too high, it might topple. Therefore, in real life, we would likely start a new stack when the previous stack exceeds some threshold. Implement a data structure SetOfStacks
that mimics this. SetOfStacks
should be composed of several stacks and should create a new stack once the previous one exceeds capacity. SetOfStacks.push()
and SetOfStacks.pop()
should behave identically to a single stack (that is, pop()
should return the same values as it would if there were just a single stack). Follow Up: Implement a function popAt(int index)
which performs a pop operation on a specific sub-stack.
You should delete the sub-stack when it becomes empty. pop
, popAt
should return -1 when there's no element to pop.
Example1:
\r\n\r\n\r\n Input: \r\n["StackOfPlates", "push", "push", "popAt", "pop", "pop"]\r\n[[1], [1], [2], [1], [], []]\r\n Output: \r\n[null, null, null, 2, 1, -1]\r\n Explanation: \r\n\r\n\r\n
Example2:
\r\n\r\n\r\n Input: \r\n["StackOfPlates", "push", "push", "push", "popAt", "popAt", "popAt"]\r\n[[2], [1], [2], [3], [0], [0], [0]]\r\n Output: \r\n[null, null, null, null, 2, 1, 3]\r\n\r\n", "translatedTitle": "堆盘子", "translatedContent": "
堆盘子。设想有一堆盘子,堆太高可能会倒下来。因此,在现实生活中,盘子堆到一定高度时,我们就会另外堆一堆盘子。请实现数据结构SetOfStacks
,模拟这种行为。SetOfStacks
应该由多个栈组成,并且在前一个栈填满时新建一个栈。此外,SetOfStacks.push()
和SetOfStacks.pop()
应该与普通栈的操作方法相同(也就是说,pop()返回的值,应该跟只有一个栈时的情况一样)。 进阶:实现一个popAt(int index)
方法,根据指定的子栈,执行pop操作。
当某个栈为空时,应当删除该栈。当栈中没有元素或不存在该栈时,pop
,popAt
应返回 -1.
示例1:
\n\n输入:\n["StackOfPlates", "push", "push", "popAt", "pop", "pop"]\n[[1], [1], [2], [1], [], []]\n 输出:\n[null, null, null, 2, 1, -1]\n\n\n
示例2:
\n\n输入:\n["StackOfPlates", "push", "push", "push", "popAt", "popAt", "popAt"]\n[[2], [1], [2], [3], [0], [0], [0]]\n 输出:\n[null, null, null, null, 2, 1, 3]\n\n", "isPaidOnly": false, "difficulty": "Medium", "likes": 44, "dislikes": 0, "isLiked": null, "similarQuestions": "[]", "contributors": [], "langToValidPlayground": "{\"cpp\": false, \"java\": false, \"python\": false, \"python3\": false, \"mysql\": false, \"mssql\": false, \"oraclesql\": false, \"c\": false, \"csharp\": false, \"javascript\": false, \"ruby\": false, \"bash\": false, \"swift\": false, \"golang\": false, \"scala\": false, \"html\": false, \"pythonml\": false, \"kotlin\": false, \"rust\": false, \"php\": false, \"typescript\": false, \"racket\": false, \"erlang\": false, \"elixir\": false}", "topicTags": [ { "name": "Stack", "slug": "stack", "translatedName": "栈", "__typename": "TopicTagNode" }, { "name": "Design", "slug": "design", "translatedName": "设计", "__typename": "TopicTagNode" }, { "name": "Linked List", "slug": "linked-list", "translatedName": "链表", "__typename": "TopicTagNode" } ], "companyTagStats": null, "codeSnippets": [ { "lang": "C++", "langSlug": "cpp", "code": "class StackOfPlates {\npublic:\n StackOfPlates(int cap) {\n\n }\n \n void push(int val) {\n\n }\n \n int pop() {\n\n }\n \n int popAt(int index) {\n\n }\n};\n\n/**\n * Your StackOfPlates object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * StackOfPlates* obj = new StackOfPlates(cap);\n * obj->push(val);\n * int param_2 = obj->pop();\n * int param_3 = obj->popAt(index);\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Java", "langSlug": "java", "code": "class StackOfPlates {\n\n public StackOfPlates(int cap) {\n\n }\n \n public void push(int val) {\n\n }\n \n public int pop() {\n\n }\n \n public int popAt(int index) {\n\n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your StackOfPlates object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * StackOfPlates obj = new StackOfPlates(cap);\n * obj.push(val);\n * int param_2 = obj.pop();\n * int param_3 = obj.popAt(index);\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Python", "langSlug": "python", "code": "class StackOfPlates(object):\n\n def __init__(self, cap):\n \"\"\"\n :type cap: int\n \"\"\"\n\n\n def push(self, val):\n \"\"\"\n :type val: int\n :rtype: None\n \"\"\"\n\n\n def pop(self):\n \"\"\"\n :rtype: int\n \"\"\"\n\n\n def popAt(self, index):\n \"\"\"\n :type index: int\n :rtype: int\n \"\"\"\n\n\n\n# Your StackOfPlates object will be instantiated and called as such:\n# obj = StackOfPlates(cap)\n# obj.push(val)\n# param_2 = obj.pop()\n# param_3 = obj.popAt(index)", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Python3", "langSlug": "python3", "code": "class StackOfPlates:\n\n def __init__(self, cap: int):\n\n\n def push(self, val: int) -> None:\n\n\n def pop(self) -> int:\n\n\n def popAt(self, index: int) -> int:\n\n\n\n# Your StackOfPlates object will be instantiated and called as such:\n# obj = StackOfPlates(cap)\n# obj.push(val)\n# param_2 = obj.pop()\n# param_3 = obj.popAt(index)", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "C", "langSlug": "c", "code": "\n\n\ntypedef struct {\n\n} StackOfPlates;\n\n\nStackOfPlates* stackOfPlatesCreate(int cap) {\n\n}\n\nvoid stackOfPlatesPush(StackOfPlates* obj, int val) {\n\n}\n\nint stackOfPlatesPop(StackOfPlates* obj) {\n\n}\n\nint stackOfPlatesPopAt(StackOfPlates* obj, int index) {\n\n}\n\nvoid stackOfPlatesFree(StackOfPlates* obj) {\n\n}\n\n/**\n * Your StackOfPlates struct will be instantiated and called as such:\n * StackOfPlates* obj = stackOfPlatesCreate(cap);\n * stackOfPlatesPush(obj, val);\n \n * int param_2 = stackOfPlatesPop(obj);\n \n * int param_3 = stackOfPlatesPopAt(obj, index);\n \n * stackOfPlatesFree(obj);\n*/", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "C#", "langSlug": "csharp", "code": "public class StackOfPlates {\n\n public StackOfPlates(int cap) {\n\n }\n \n public void Push(int val) {\n\n }\n \n public int Pop() {\n\n }\n \n public int PopAt(int index) {\n\n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your StackOfPlates object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * StackOfPlates obj = new StackOfPlates(cap);\n * obj.Push(val);\n * int param_2 = obj.Pop();\n * int param_3 = obj.PopAt(index);\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "JavaScript", "langSlug": "javascript", "code": "/**\n * @param {number} cap\n */\nvar StackOfPlates = function(cap) {\n\n};\n\n/** \n * @param {number} val\n * @return {void}\n */\nStackOfPlates.prototype.push = function(val) {\n\n};\n\n/**\n * @return {number}\n */\nStackOfPlates.prototype.pop = function() {\n\n};\n\n/** \n * @param {number} index\n * @return {number}\n */\nStackOfPlates.prototype.popAt = function(index) {\n\n};\n\n/**\n * Your StackOfPlates object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * var obj = new StackOfPlates(cap)\n * obj.push(val)\n * var param_2 = obj.pop()\n * var param_3 = obj.popAt(index)\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Ruby", "langSlug": "ruby", "code": "class StackOfPlates\n\n=begin\n :type cap: Integer\n=end\n def initialize(cap)\n\n end\n\n\n=begin\n :type val: Integer\n :rtype: Void\n=end\n def push(val)\n\n end\n\n\n=begin\n :rtype: Integer\n=end\n def pop()\n\n end\n\n\n=begin\n :type index: Integer\n :rtype: Integer\n=end\n def pop_at(index)\n\n end\n\n\nend\n\n# Your StackOfPlates object will be instantiated and called as such:\n# obj = StackOfPlates.new(cap)\n# obj.push(val)\n# param_2 = obj.pop()\n# param_3 = obj.pop_at(index)", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Swift", "langSlug": "swift", "code": "\nclass StackOfPlates {\n\n init(_ cap: Int) {\n\n }\n \n func push(_ val: Int) {\n\n }\n \n func pop() -> Int {\n\n }\n \n func popAt(_ index: Int) -> Int {\n\n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your StackOfPlates object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * let obj = StackOfPlates(cap)\n * obj.push(val)\n * let ret_2: Int = obj.pop()\n * let ret_3: Int = obj.popAt(index)\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Go", "langSlug": "golang", "code": "type StackOfPlates struct {\n\n}\n\n\nfunc Constructor(cap int) StackOfPlates {\n\n}\n\n\nfunc (this *StackOfPlates) Push(val int) {\n\n}\n\n\nfunc (this *StackOfPlates) Pop() int {\n\n}\n\n\nfunc (this *StackOfPlates) PopAt(index int) int {\n\n}\n\n\n/**\n * Your StackOfPlates object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * obj := Constructor(cap);\n * obj.Push(val);\n * param_2 := obj.Pop();\n * param_3 := obj.PopAt(index);\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Scala", "langSlug": "scala", "code": "class StackOfPlates(_cap: Int) {\n\n def push(`val`: Int) {\n\n }\n\n def pop(): Int = {\n\n }\n\n def popAt(index: Int): Int = {\n\n }\n\n}\n\n/**\n * Your StackOfPlates object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * var obj = new StackOfPlates(cap)\n * obj.push(`val`)\n * var param_2 = obj.pop()\n * var param_3 = obj.popAt(index)\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Kotlin", "langSlug": "kotlin", "code": "class StackOfPlates(cap: Int) {\n\n fun push(`val`: Int) {\n\n }\n\n fun pop(): Int {\n\n }\n\n fun popAt(index: Int): Int {\n\n }\n\n}\n\n/**\n * Your StackOfPlates object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * var obj = StackOfPlates(cap)\n * obj.push(`val`)\n * var param_2 = obj.pop()\n * var param_3 = obj.popAt(index)\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Rust", "langSlug": "rust", "code": "struct StackOfPlates {\n\n}\n\n\n/**\n * `&self` means the method takes an immutable reference.\n * If you need a mutable reference, change it to `&mut self` instead.\n */\nimpl StackOfPlates {\n\n fn new(cap: i32) -> Self {\n\n }\n \n fn push(&self, val: i32) {\n\n }\n \n fn pop(&self) -> i32 {\n\n }\n \n fn pop_at(&self, index: i32) -> i32 {\n\n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your StackOfPlates object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * let obj = StackOfPlates::new(cap);\n * obj.push(val);\n * let ret_2: i32 = obj.pop();\n * let ret_3: i32 = obj.pop_at(index);\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "PHP", "langSlug": "php", "code": "class StackOfPlates {\n /**\n * @param Integer $cap\n */\n function __construct($cap) {\n\n }\n\n /**\n * @param Integer $val\n * @return NULL\n */\n function push($val) {\n\n }\n\n /**\n * @return Integer\n */\n function pop() {\n\n }\n\n /**\n * @param Integer $index\n * @return Integer\n */\n function popAt($index) {\n\n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your StackOfPlates object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * $obj = StackOfPlates($cap);\n * $obj->push($val);\n * $ret_2 = $obj->pop();\n * $ret_3 = $obj->popAt($index);\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "TypeScript", "langSlug": "typescript", "code": "class StackOfPlates {\n constructor(cap: number) {\n\n }\n\n push(val: number): void {\n\n }\n\n pop(): number {\n\n }\n\n popAt(index: number): number {\n\n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your StackOfPlates object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * var obj = new StackOfPlates(cap)\n * obj.push(val)\n * var param_2 = obj.pop()\n * var param_3 = obj.popAt(index)\n */", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Racket", "langSlug": "racket", "code": "(define stack-of-plates%\n (class object%\n (super-new)\n\n ; cap : exact-integer?\n (init-field\n cap)\n \n ; push : exact-integer? -> void?\n (define/public (push val)\n\n )\n ; pop : -> exact-integer?\n (define/public (pop)\n\n )\n ; pop-at : exact-integer? -> exact-integer?\n (define/public (pop-at index)\n\n )))\n\n;; Your stack-of-plates% object will be instantiated and called as such:\n;; (define obj (new stack-of-plates% [cap cap]))\n;; (send obj push val)\n;; (define param_2 (send obj pop))\n;; (define param_3 (send obj pop-at index))", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Erlang", "langSlug": "erlang", "code": "-spec stack_of_plates_init_(Cap :: integer()) -> any().\nstack_of_plates_init_(Cap) ->\n .\n\n-spec stack_of_plates_push(Val :: integer()) -> any().\nstack_of_plates_push(Val) ->\n .\n\n-spec stack_of_plates_pop() -> integer().\nstack_of_plates_pop() ->\n .\n\n-spec stack_of_plates_pop_at(Index :: integer()) -> integer().\nstack_of_plates_pop_at(Index) ->\n .\n\n\n%% Your functions will be called as such:\n%% stack_of_plates_init_(Cap),\n%% stack_of_plates_push(Val),\n%% Param_2 = stack_of_plates_pop(),\n%% Param_3 = stack_of_plates_pop_at(Index),\n\n%% stack_of_plates_init_ will be called before every test case, in which you can do some necessary initializations.", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" }, { "lang": "Elixir", "langSlug": "elixir", "code": "defmodule StackOfPlates do\n @spec init_(cap :: integer) :: any\n def init_(cap) do\n\n end\n\n @spec push(val :: integer) :: any\n def push(val) do\n\n end\n\n @spec pop() :: integer\n def pop() do\n\n end\n\n @spec pop_at(index :: integer) :: integer\n def pop_at(index) do\n\n end\nend\n\n# Your functions will be called as such:\n# StackOfPlates.init_(cap)\n# StackOfPlates.push(val)\n# param_2 = StackOfPlates.pop()\n# param_3 = StackOfPlates.pop_at(index)\n\n# StackOfPlates.init_ will be called before every test case, in which you can do some necessary initializations.", "__typename": "CodeSnippetNode" } ], "stats": "{\"totalAccepted\": \"11.5K\", \"totalSubmission\": \"29.7K\", \"totalAcceptedRaw\": 11523, \"totalSubmissionRaw\": 29727, \"acRate\": \"38.8%\"}", "hints": [ "你需要追踪每个子栈的大小。当一个栈已满时,你可能需要创建一个新栈。", "在一个特定的子栈中弹出一个元素意味着一些栈没有满。这是个问题吗?没有正确的答案,但你应该考虑如何处理这个问题。" ], "solution": null, "status": null, "sampleTestCase": "[\"StackOfPlates\", \"push\", \"push\", \"popAt\", \"pop\", \"pop\"]\n[[1], [1], [2], [1], [], []]", "metaData": "{\"classname\": \"StackOfPlates\", \"maxbytesperline\": 200000, \"systemdesign\": true, \"constructor\": {\"params\": [{\"name\": \"cap\", \"type\": \"integer\"}]}, \"methods\": [{\"name\": \"push\", \"params\": [{\"name\": \"val\", \"type\": \"integer\"}], \"return\": {\"type\": \"void\"}}, {\"name\": \"pop\", \"params\": [], \"return\": {\"type\": \"integer\"}}, {\"name\": \"popAt\", \"params\": [{\"name\": \"index\", \"type\": \"integer\"}], \"return\": {\"type\": \"integer\"}}], \"params\": [{\"name\": \"inputs\", \"type\": \"integer[]\"}, {\"name\": \"inputs\", \"type\": \"integer[]\"}], \"return\": {\"type\": \"list
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out-of-bounds<\\/code>\\u548c
use-after-free<\\/code>\\u9519\\u8bef\\u3002<\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n
OpenJDK 17<\\/code>\\u3002\\u53ef\\u4ee5\\u4f7f\\u7528Java 8\\u7684\\u7279\\u6027\\u4f8b\\u5982\\uff0clambda expressions \\u548c stream API\\u3002<\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n
Python 2.7.12<\\/code><\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n
GCC 8.2<\\/code>\\uff0c\\u91c7\\u7528GNU99\\u6807\\u51c6\\u3002<\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n
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out-of-bounds<\\/code>\\u548c
use-after-free<\\/code>\\u9519\\u8bef\\u3002<\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n
\\r\\nstruct hash_entry {\\r\\n int id; \\/* we'll use this field as the key *\\/\\r\\n char name[10];\\r\\n UT_hash_handle hh; \\/* makes this structure hashable *\\/\\r\\n};\\r\\n\\r\\nstruct hash_entry *users = NULL;\\r\\n\\r\\nvoid add_user(struct hash_entry *s) {\\r\\n HASH_ADD_INT(users, id, s);\\r\\n}\\r\\n<\\/pre>\\r\\n<\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n
\\r\\nstruct hash_entry *find_user(int user_id) {\\r\\n struct hash_entry *s;\\r\\n HASH_FIND_INT(users, &user_id, s);\\r\\n return s;\\r\\n}\\r\\n<\\/pre>\\r\\n<\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n
\\r\\nvoid delete_user(struct hash_entry *user) {\\r\\n HASH_DEL(users, user); \\r\\n}\\r\\n<\\/pre>\\r\\n<\\/p>\"],\"csharp\":[\"C#\",\"
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Node.js 16.13.2<\\/code><\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n
--harmony<\\/code> \\u6807\\u8bb0\\u6765\\u5f00\\u542f \\u65b0\\u7248ES6\\u7279\\u6027<\\/a>\\u3002<\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n
Ruby 3.1<\\/code>\\u6267\\u884c<\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n
Swift 5.5.2<\\/code><\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n
Go 1.17<\\/code><\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n
Python 3.10<\\/code><\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n
Scala 2.13<\\/code><\\/p>\"],\"kotlin\":[\"Kotlin\",\"
Kotlin 1.3.10<\\/code><\\/p>\"],\"rust\":[\"Rust\",\"
rust 1.58.1<\\/code><\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n
PHP 8.1<\\/code>.<\\/p>\\r\\n\\r\\n