Given the root of a binary tree, calculate the vertical order traversal of the binary tree.
For each node at position (row, col), its left and right children will be at positions (row + 1, col - 1) and (row + 1, col + 1) respectively. The root of the tree is at (0, 0).
The vertical order traversal of a binary tree is a list of top-to-bottom orderings for each column index starting from the leftmost column and ending on the rightmost column. There may be multiple nodes in the same row and same column. In such a case, sort these nodes by their values.
\n\nReturn the vertical order traversal of the binary tree.
\n\n\n
Example 1:
\n![\"\"](\"https://assets.leetcode.com/uploads/2021/01/29/vtree1.jpg\")
\n\nInput: root = [3,9,20,null,null,15,7]\nOutput: [[9],[3,15],[20],[7]]\nExplanation:\nColumn -1: Only node 9 is in this column.\nColumn 0: Nodes 3 and 15 are in this column in that order from top to bottom.\nColumn 1: Only node 20 is in this column.\nColumn 2: Only node 7 is in this column.\n\n
Example 2:
\n![\"\"](\"https://assets.leetcode.com/uploads/2021/01/29/vtree2.jpg\")
\n\nInput: root = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]\nOutput: [[4],[2],[1,5,6],[3],[7]]\nExplanation:\nColumn -2: Only node 4 is in this column.\nColumn -1: Only node 2 is in this column.\nColumn 0: Nodes 1, 5, and 6 are in this column.\n 1 is at the top, so it comes first.\n 5 and 6 are at the same position (2, 0), so we order them by their value, 5 before 6.\nColumn 1: Only node 3 is in this column.\nColumn 2: Only node 7 is in this column.\n\n\n
Example 3:
\n![\"\"](\"https://assets.leetcode.com/uploads/2021/01/29/vtree3.jpg\")
\n\nInput: root = [1,2,3,4,6,5,7]\nOutput: [[4],[2],[1,5,6],[3],[7]]\nExplanation:\nThis case is the exact same as example 2, but with nodes 5 and 6 swapped.\nNote that the solution remains the same since 5 and 6 are in the same location and should be ordered by their values.\n\n\n
\n
Constraints:
\n\n[1, 1000].0 <= Node.val <= 1000Compiled with clang 11 using the latest C++ 20 standard.
Your code is compiled with level two optimization (-O2). AddressSanitizer is also enabled to help detect out-of-bounds and use-after-free bugs.
Most standard library headers are already included automatically for your convenience.
\"], \"java\": [\"Java\", \"OpenJDK 17. Java 8 features such as lambda expressions and stream API can be used.
Most standard library headers are already included automatically for your convenience.
\\r\\nIncludes Pair class from https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/javafx/api/javafx/util/Pair.html.
Python 2.7.12.
Most libraries are already imported automatically for your convenience, such as array, bisect, collections. If you need more libraries, you can import it yourself.
\\r\\n\\r\\nFor Map/TreeMap data structure, you may use sortedcontainers library.
\\r\\n\\r\\nNote that Python 2.7 will not be maintained past 2020. For the latest Python, please choose Python3 instead.
\"], \"c\": [\"C\", \"Compiled with gcc 8.2 using the gnu11 standard.
Your code is compiled with level one optimization (-O1). AddressSanitizer is also enabled to help detect out-of-bounds and use-after-free bugs.
Most standard library headers are already included automatically for your convenience.
\\r\\n\\r\\nFor hash table operations, you may use uthash. \\\"uthash.h\\\" is included by default. Below are some examples:
\\r\\n\\r\\n1. Adding an item to a hash.\\r\\n
\\r\\nstruct hash_entry {\\r\\n int id; /* we'll use this field as the key */\\r\\n char name[10];\\r\\n UT_hash_handle hh; /* makes this structure hashable */\\r\\n};\\r\\n\\r\\nstruct hash_entry *users = NULL;\\r\\n\\r\\nvoid add_user(struct hash_entry *s) {\\r\\n HASH_ADD_INT(users, id, s);\\r\\n}\\r\\n\\r\\n\\r\\n\\r\\n2. Looking up an item in a hash:\\r\\n
\\r\\nstruct hash_entry *find_user(int user_id) {\\r\\n struct hash_entry *s;\\r\\n HASH_FIND_INT(users, &user_id, s);\\r\\n return s;\\r\\n}\\r\\n\\r\\n\\r\\n\\r\\n3. Deleting an item in a hash:\\r\\n
\\r\\nvoid delete_user(struct hash_entry *user) {\\r\\n HASH_DEL(users, user); \\r\\n}\\r\\n\\r\\n\"], \"csharp\": [\"C#\", \"\"], \"javascript\": [\"JavaScript\", \"Node.js 16.13.2.
Your code is run with --harmony flag, enabling new ES6 features.
lodash.js library is included by default.
\\r\\n\\r\\nFor Priority Queue / Queue data structures, you may use 5.3.0 version of datastructures-js/priority-queue and 4.2.1 version of datastructures-js/queue.
\"], \"ruby\": [\"Ruby\", \"Ruby 3.1
Some common data structure implementations are provided in the Algorithms module: https://www.rubydoc.info/github/kanwei/algorithms/Algorithms
\"], \"swift\": [\"Swift\", \"Swift 5.5.2.
Go 1.21
Support https://godoc.org/github.com/emirpasic/gods@v1.18.1 library.
\"], \"python3\": [\"Python3\", \"Python 3.10.
Most libraries are already imported automatically for your convenience, such as array, bisect, collections. If you need more libraries, you can import it yourself.
\\r\\n\\r\\nFor Map/TreeMap data structure, you may use sortedcontainers library.
\"], \"scala\": [\"Scala\", \"Scala 2.13.7.
Kotlin 1.9.0.
Rust 1.58.1
Supports rand v0.6\\u00a0from crates.io
\"], \"php\": [\"PHP\", \"PHP 8.1.
With bcmath module
\"], \"typescript\": [\"Typescript\", \"TypeScript 5.1.6, Node.js 16.13.2.
Your code is run with --harmony flag, enabling new ES2022 features.
lodash.js library is included by default.
\"], \"racket\": [\"Racket\", \"Run with Racket 8.3.
Dart 2.17.3
\\r\\n\\r\\nYour code will be run directly without compiling
\"]}", "libraryUrl": null, "adminUrl": null, "challengeQuestion": null, "__typename": "QuestionNode" } } }