"content":"<p>A <code>width x height</code> grid is on an XY-plane with the <strong>bottom-left</strong> cell at <code>(0, 0)</code> and the <strong>top-right</strong> cell at <code>(width - 1, height - 1)</code>. The grid is aligned with the four cardinal directions (<code>"North"</code>, <code>"East"</code>, <code>"South"</code>, and <code>"West"</code>). A robot is <strong>initially</strong> at cell <code>(0, 0)</code> facing direction <code>"East"</code>.</p>\n\n<p>The robot can be instructed to move for a specific number of <strong>steps</strong>. For each step, it does the following.</p>\n\n<ol>\n\t<li>Attempts to move <strong>forward one</strong> cell in the direction it is facing.</li>\n\t<li>If the cell the robot is <strong>moving to</strong> is <strong>out of bounds</strong>, the robot instead <strong>turns</strong> 90 degrees <strong>counterclockwise</strong> and retries the step.</li>\n</ol>\n\n<p>After the robot finishes moving the number of steps required, it stops and awaits the next instruction.</p>\n\n<p>Implement the <code>Robot</code> class:</p>\n\n<ul>\n\t<li><code>Robot(int width, int height)</code> Initializes the <code>width x height</code> grid with the robot at <code>(0, 0)</code> facing <code>"East"</code>.</li>\n\t<li><code>void step(int num)</code> Instructs the robot to move forward <code>num</code> steps.</li>\n\t<li><code>int[] getPos()</code> Returns the current cell the robot is at, as an array of length 2, <code>[x, y]</code>.</li>\n\t<li><code>String getDir()</code> Returns the current direction of the robot, <code>"North"</code>, <code>"East"</code>, <code>"South"</code>, or <code>"West"</code>.</li>\n</ul>\n\n<p> </p>\n<p><strong>Example 1:</strong></p>\n<img alt=\"example-1\" src=\"https://assets.leetcode.com/uploads/2021/10/09/example-1.png\" style=\"width: 498px; height: 268px;\" />\n<pre>\n<strong>Input</strong>\n["Robot", "move", "move", "getPos", "getDir", "move", "move", "move", "getPos", "getDir"]\n[[6, 3], [2], [2], [], [], [2], [1], [4], [], []]\n<strong>Output</strong>\n[null, null, null, [4, 0], "East", null, null, null, [1, 2], "West"]\n\n<strong>Explanation</strong>\nRobot robot = new Robot(6, 3); // Initialize the grid and the robot at (0, 0) facing East.\nrobot.move(2); // It moves two steps East to (2, 0), and faces East.\nrobot.move(2); // It moves two steps East to (4, 0), and faces East.\nrobot.getPos(); // return [4, 0]\nrobot.getDir(); // return "East"\nrobot.move(2); // It moves one step East to (5, 0), and faces East.\n // Moving the next step East would be out of bounds, so it turns and faces North.\n // Then, it moves one step North to (5, 1), and faces North.\nrobot.move(1); // It moves one step North to (5, 2), and faces <strong>North</strong> (not West).\nrobot.move(4); // Moving the next step North would be out of bounds, so it turns and faces West.\n // Then, it moves four steps West to (1, 2), and faces West.\nrobot.getPos(); // return [1, 2]\nrobot.getDir(); // return "West"\n\n</pre>\n\n<p> </p>\n<p><strong>Constraints:</strong></p>\n\n<ul>\n\t<li><code>2 <= width, height <= 100</code></li>\n\t<li><code>1 <= num <= 10<sup>5</sup></code></li>\n\t<li>At most <code>10<sup>4</sup></code> calls <strong>in total</strong> will be made to <code>step</code>, <code>getPos</code>, and <code>getDir</code>.</li>\n</ul>\n",
"code":"class Robot:\n\n def __init__(self, width: int, height: int):\n \n\n def step(self, num: int) -> None:\n \n\n def getPos(self) -> List[int]:\n \n\n def getDir(self) -> str:\n \n\n\n# Your Robot object will be instantiated and called as such:\n# obj = Robot(width, height)\n# obj.step(num)\n# param_2 = obj.getPos()\n# param_3 = obj.getDir()",
"__typename":"CodeSnippetNode"
},
{
"lang":"C",
"langSlug":"c",
"code":"\n\n\ntypedef struct {\n \n} Robot;\n\n\nRobot* robotCreate(int width, int height) {\n \n}\n\nvoid robotStep(Robot* obj, int num) {\n \n}\n\nint* robotGetPos(Robot* obj, int* retSize) {\n \n}\n\nchar * robotGetDir(Robot* obj) {\n \n}\n\nvoid robotFree(Robot* obj) {\n \n}\n\n/**\n * Your Robot struct will be instantiated and called as such:\n * Robot* obj = robotCreate(width, height);\n * robotStep(obj, num);\n \n * int* param_2 = robotGetPos(obj, retSize);\n \n * char * param_3 = robotGetDir(obj);\n \n * robotFree(obj);\n*/",
"__typename":"CodeSnippetNode"
},
{
"lang":"C#",
"langSlug":"csharp",
"code":"public class Robot {\n\n public Robot(int width, int height) {\n \n }\n \n public void Step(int num) {\n \n }\n \n public int[] GetPos() {\n \n }\n \n public string GetDir() {\n \n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your Robot object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * Robot obj = new Robot(width, height);\n * obj.Step(num);\n * int[] param_2 = obj.GetPos();\n * string param_3 = obj.GetDir();\n */",
"__typename":"CodeSnippetNode"
},
{
"lang":"JavaScript",
"langSlug":"javascript",
"code":"/**\n * @param {number} width\n * @param {number} height\n */\nvar Robot = function(width, height) {\n \n};\n\n/** \n * @param {number} num\n * @return {void}\n */\nRobot.prototype.step = function(num) {\n \n};\n\n/**\n * @return {number[]}\n */\nRobot.prototype.getPos = function() {\n \n};\n\n/**\n * @return {string}\n */\nRobot.prototype.getDir = function() {\n \n};\n\n/** \n * Your Robot object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * var obj = new Robot(width, height)\n * obj.step(num)\n * var param_2 = obj.getPos()\n * var param_3 = obj.getDir()\n */",
"__typename":"CodeSnippetNode"
},
{
"lang":"Ruby",
"langSlug":"ruby",
"code":"class Robot\n\n=begin\n :type width: Integer\n :type height: Integer\n=end\n def initialize(width, height)\n \n end\n\n\n=begin\n :type num: Integer\n :rtype: Void\n=end\n def step(num)\n \n end\n\n\n=begin\n :rtype: Integer[]\n=end\n def get_pos()\n \n end\n\n\n=begin\n :rtype: String\n=end\n def get_dir()\n \n end\n\n\nend\n\n# Your Robot object will be instantiated and called as such:\n# obj = Robot.new(width, height)\n# obj.step(num)\n# param_2 = obj.get_pos()\n# param_3 = obj.get_dir()",
"__typename":"CodeSnippetNode"
},
{
"lang":"Swift",
"langSlug":"swift",
"code":"\nclass Robot {\n\n init(_ width: Int, _ height: Int) {\n \n }\n \n func step(_ num: Int) {\n \n }\n \n func getPos() -> [Int] {\n \n }\n \n func getDir() -> String {\n \n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your Robot object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * let obj = Robot(width, height)\n * obj.step(num)\n * let ret_2: [Int] = obj.getPos()\n * let ret_3: String = obj.getDir()\n */",
"__typename":"CodeSnippetNode"
},
{
"lang":"Go",
"langSlug":"golang",
"code":"type Robot struct {\n \n}\n\n\nfunc Constructor(width int, height int) Robot {\n \n}\n\n\nfunc (this *Robot) Step(num int) {\n \n}\n\n\nfunc (this *Robot) GetPos() []int {\n \n}\n\n\nfunc (this *Robot) GetDir() string {\n \n}\n\n\n/**\n * Your Robot object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * obj := Constructor(width, height);\n * obj.Step(num);\n * param_2 := obj.GetPos();\n * param_3 := obj.GetDir();\n */",
"__typename":"CodeSnippetNode"
},
{
"lang":"Scala",
"langSlug":"scala",
"code":"class Robot(_width: Int, _height: Int) {\n\n def step(num: Int) {\n \n }\n\n def getPos(): Array[Int] = {\n \n }\n\n def getDir(): String = {\n \n }\n\n}\n\n/**\n * Your Robot object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * var obj = new Robot(width, height)\n * obj.step(num)\n * var param_2 = obj.getPos()\n * var param_3 = obj.getDir()\n */",
"__typename":"CodeSnippetNode"
},
{
"lang":"Kotlin",
"langSlug":"kotlin",
"code":"class Robot(width: Int, height: Int) {\n\n fun step(num: Int) {\n \n }\n\n fun getPos(): IntArray {\n \n }\n\n fun getDir(): String {\n \n }\n\n}\n\n/**\n * Your Robot object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * var obj = Robot(width, height)\n * obj.step(num)\n * var param_2 = obj.getPos()\n * var param_3 = obj.getDir()\n */",
"__typename":"CodeSnippetNode"
},
{
"lang":"Rust",
"langSlug":"rust",
"code":"struct Robot {\n\n}\n\n\n/** \n * `&self` means the method takes an immutable reference.\n * If you need a mutable reference, change it to `&mut self` instead.\n */\nimpl Robot {\n\n fn new(width: i32, height: i32) -> Self {\n \n }\n \n fn step(&self, num: i32) {\n \n }\n \n fn get_pos(&self) -> Vec<i32> {\n \n }\n \n fn get_dir(&self) -> String {\n \n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your Robot object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * let obj = Robot::new(width, height);\n * obj.step(num);\n * let ret_2: Vec<i32> = obj.get_pos();\n * let ret_3: String = obj.get_dir();\n */",
"__typename":"CodeSnippetNode"
},
{
"lang":"PHP",
"langSlug":"php",
"code":"class Robot {\n /**\n * @param Integer $width\n * @param Integer $height\n */\n function __construct($width, $height) {\n \n }\n \n /**\n * @param Integer $num\n * @return NULL\n */\n function step($num) {\n \n }\n \n /**\n * @return Integer[]\n */\n function getPos() {\n \n }\n \n /**\n * @return String\n */\n function getDir() {\n \n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your Robot object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * $obj = Robot($width, $height);\n * $obj->step($num);\n * $ret_2 = $obj->getPos();\n * $ret_3 = $obj->getDir();\n */",
"__typename":"CodeSnippetNode"
},
{
"lang":"TypeScript",
"langSlug":"typescript",
"code":"class Robot {\n constructor(width: number, height: number) {\n\n }\n\n step(num: number): void {\n\n }\n\n getPos(): number[] {\n\n }\n\n getDir(): string {\n\n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Your Robot object will be instantiated and called as such:\n * var obj = new Robot(width, height)\n * obj.step(num)\n * var param_2 = obj.getPos()\n * var param_3 = obj.getDir()\n */",
"code":"-spec robot_init_(Width :: integer(), Height :: integer()) -> any().\nrobot_init_(Width, Height) ->\n .\n\n-spec robot_step(Num :: integer()) -> any().\nrobot_step(Num) ->\n .\n\n-spec robot_get_pos() -> [integer()].\nrobot_get_pos() ->\n .\n\n-spec robot_get_dir() -> unicode:unicode_binary().\nrobot_get_dir() ->\n .\n\n\n%% Your functions will be called as such:\n%% robot_init_(Width, Height),\n%% robot_step(Num),\n%% Param_2 = robot_get_pos(),\n%% Param_3 = robot_get_dir(),\n\n%% robot_init_ will be called before every test case, in which you can do some necessary initializations.",
"__typename":"CodeSnippetNode"
},
{
"lang":"Elixir",
"langSlug":"elixir",
"code":"defmodule Robot do\n @spec init_(width :: integer, height :: integer) :: any\n def init_(width, height) do\n\n end\n\n @spec step(num :: integer) :: any\n def step(num) do\n\n end\n\n @spec get_pos() :: [integer]\n def get_pos() do\n\n end\n\n @spec get_dir() :: String.t\n def get_dir() do\n\n end\nend\n\n# Your functions will be called as such:\n# Robot.init_(width, height)\n# Robot.step(num)\n# param_2 = Robot.get_pos()\n# param_3 = Robot.get_dir()\n\n# Robot.init_ will be called before every test case, in which you can do some necessary initializations.",
"The robot only moves along the perimeter of the grid. Can you think if modulus can help you quickly compute which cell it stops at?",
"After the robot moves one time, whenever the robot stops at some cell, it will always face a specific direction. i.e., The direction it faces is determined by the cell it stops at.",
"Can you precompute what direction it faces when it stops at each cell along the perimeter, and reuse the results?"
"envInfo":"{\"cpp\": [\"C++\", \"<p>Compiled with <code> clang 11 </code> using the latest C++ 17 standard.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Your code is compiled with level two optimization (<code>-O2</code>). <a href=\\\"https://github.com/google/sanitizers/wiki/AddressSanitizer\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">AddressSanitizer</a> is also enabled to help detect out-of-bounds and use-after-free bugs.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Most standard library headers are already included automatically for your convenience.</p>\"], \"java\": [\"Java\", \"<p><code> OpenJDK 17 </code>. Java 8 features such as lambda expressions and stream API can be used. </p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Most standard library headers are already included automatically for your convenience.</p>\\r\\n<p>Includes <code>Pair</code> class from https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/javafx/api/javafx/util/Pair.html.</p>\"], \"python\": [\"Python\", \"<p><code>Python 2.7.12</code>.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Most libraries are already imported automatically for your convenience, such as <a href=\\\"https://docs.python.org/2/library/array.html\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">array</a>, <a href=\\\"https://docs.python.org/2/library/bisect.html\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">bisect</a>, <a href=\\\"https://docs.python.org/2/library/collections.html\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">collections</a>. If you need more libraries, you can import it yourself.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>For Map/TreeMap data structure, you may use <a href=\\\"http://www.grantjenks.com/docs/sortedcontainers/\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">sortedcontainers</a> library.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Note that Python 2.7 <a href=\\\"https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0373/\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">will not be maintained past 2020</a>. For the latest Python, please choose Python3 instead.</p>\"], \"c\": [\"C\", \"<p>Compiled with <code>gcc 8.2</code> using the gnu99 standard.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Your code is compiled with level one optimization (<code>-O1</code>). <a href=\\\"https://github.com/google/sanitizers/wiki/AddressSanitizer\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">AddressSanitizer</a> is also enabled to help detect out-of-bounds and use-after-free bugs.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Most standard library headers are already included automatically for your convenience.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>For hash table operations, you may use <a href=\\\"https://troydhanson.github.io/uthash/\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">uthash</a>. \\\"uthash.h\\\" is included by default. Below are some examples:</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p><b>1. Adding an item to a hash.</b>\\r\\n<pre>\\r\\nstruct hash_entry {\\r\\n int id; /* we'll use this field as the key */\\r\\n char name[10];\\r\\n UT_hash_handle hh; /* makes this structure hashable */\\r\\n};\\r\\n\\r\\nstruct hash_entry *users = NULL;\\r\\n\\r\\nvoid add_user(struct hash_entry *s) {\\r\\n HASH_ADD_INT(users, id, s);\\r\\n}\\r\\n</pre>\\r\\n</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p><b>2. Looking up an item in a hash:</b>\\r\\n<pre>\\r\\nstruct hash_entry *find_user(int user_id) {\\r\\n struct hash_entry *s;\\r\\n HASH_FIND_INT(users, &user_id, s);\\r\\n return s;\\r\\n}\\r\\n</pre>\\r\\n</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p><b>3. Deleting an item in a hash:</b>\\r\\n<pre>\\r\\nvoid delete_user(struct hash_entry *user) {\\r\\n HASH_DEL(users, user); \\r\\n}\\r\\n</pre>\\r\\n</p>\"], \"csharp\": [\"C#\", \"<p><a href=\\\"https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/whats-new/csharp-9\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">C# 10 with .NET 6 runtime</a></p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Your code is compiled with debug flag enabled (<code>/debug</code>).</p>\"], \"javascript\": [\"JavaScript\", \"<p><code>Node.js 16.13.2</code>.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Your code is run with <code>--harmony</code> flag, enabling <a href=\\\"http://node.green/\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">new ES6 features</a>.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p><a href=\\\"https://lodash.com\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">lodash.js</a> library is included by default.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>For Priority Queue / Queue data structures, you may use <a href=\\\"https://github.com/datastructures-js/priority-queue\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">datastructures-js/priority-queue</a> and <a href=\\\"https: