"content":"<p>There is a rooted tree consisting of <code>n</code> nodes numbered <code>0</code> to <code>n - 1</code>. Each node's number denotes its <strong>unique genetic value</strong> (i.e. the genetic value of node <code>x</code> is <code>x</code>). The <strong>genetic difference</strong> between two genetic values is defined as the <strong>bitwise-</strong><strong>XOR</strong> of their values. You are given the integer array <code>parents</code>, where <code>parents[i]</code> is the parent for node <code>i</code>. If node <code>x</code> is the <strong>root</strong> of the tree, then <code>parents[x] == -1</code>.</p>\n\n<p>You are also given the array <code>queries</code> where <code>queries[i] = [node<sub>i</sub>, val<sub>i</sub>]</code>. For each query <code>i</code>, find the <strong>maximum genetic difference</strong> between <code>val<sub>i</sub></code> and <code>p<sub>i</sub></code>, where <code>p<sub>i</sub></code> is the genetic value of any node that is on the path between <code>node<sub>i</sub></code> and the root (including <code>node<sub>i</sub></code> and the root). More formally, you want to maximize <code>val<sub>i</sub> XOR p<sub>i</sub></code>.</p>\n\n<p>Return <em>an array </em><code>ans</code><em> where </em><code>ans[i]</code><em> is the answer to the </em><code>i<sup>th</sup></code><em> query</em>.</p>\n\n<p> </p>\n<p><strong class=\"example\">Example 1:</strong></p>\n<img alt=\"\" src=\"https://assets.leetcode.com/uploads/2021/06/29/c1.png\" style=\"width: 118px; height: 163px;\" />\n<pre>\n<strong>Input:</strong> parents = [-1,0,1,1], queries = [[0,2],[3,2],[2,5]]\n<strong>Output:</strong> [2,3,7]\n<strong>Explanation: </strong>The queries are processed as follows:\n- [0,2]: The node with the maximum genetic difference is 0, with a difference of 2 XOR 0 = 2.\n- [3,2]: The node with the maximum genetic difference is 1, with a difference of 2 XOR 1 = 3.\n- [2,5]: The node with the maximum genetic difference is 2, with a difference of 5 XOR 2 = 7.\n</pre>\n\n<p><strong class=\"example\">Example 2:</strong></p>\n<img alt=\"\" src=\"https://assets.leetcode.com/uploads/2021/06/29/c2.png\" style=\"width: 256px; height: 221px;\" />\n<pre>\n<strong>Input:</strong> parents = [3,7,-1,2,0,7,0,2], queries = [[4,6],[1,15],[0,5]]\n<strong>Output:</strong> [6,14,7]\n<strong>Explanation: </strong>The queries are processed as follows:\n- [4,6]: The node with the maximum genetic difference is 0, with a difference of 6 XOR 0 = 6.\n- [1,15]: The node with the maximum genetic difference is 1, with a difference of 15 XOR 1 = 14.\n- [0,5]: The node with the maximum genetic difference is 2, with a difference of 5 XOR 2 = 7.\n</pre>\n\n<p> </p>\n<p><strong>Constraints:</strong></p>\n\n<ul>\n\t<li><code>2 <= parents.length <= 10<sup>5</sup></code></li>\n\t<li><code>0 <= parents[i] <= parents.length - 1</code> for every node <code>i</code> that is <strong>not</strong> the root.</li>\n\t<li><code>parents[root] == -1</code></li>\n\t<li><code>1 <= queries.length <= 3 * 10<sup>4</sup></code></li>\n\t<li><code>0 <= node<sub>i</sub> <= parents.length - 1</code></li>\n\t<li><code>0 <= val<sub>i</sub> <= 2 * 10<sup>5</sup></code></li>\n</ul>\n",
"similarQuestions":"[{\"title\": \"Maximum XOR With an Element From Array\", \"titleSlug\": \"maximum-xor-with-an-element-from-array\", \"difficulty\": \"Hard\", \"translatedTitle\": null}]",
"code":"/**\n * Note: The returned array must be malloced, assume caller calls free().\n */\nint* maxGeneticDifference(int* parents, int parentsSize, int** queries, int queriesSize, int* queriesColSize, int* returnSize) {\n \n}",
"envInfo":"{\"cpp\": [\"C++\", \"<p>Compiled with <code> clang 11 </code> using the latest C++ 20 standard.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Your code is compiled with level two optimization (<code>-O2</code>). <a href=\\\"https://github.com/google/sanitizers/wiki/AddressSanitizer\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">AddressSanitizer</a> is also enabled to help detect out-of-bounds and use-after-free bugs.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Most standard library headers are already included automatically for your convenience.</p>\"], \"java\": [\"Java\", \"<p><code>OpenJDK 17</code>. Java 8 features such as lambda expressions and stream API can be used. </p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Most standard library headers are already included automatically for your convenience.</p>\\r\\n<p>Includes <code>Pair</code> class from https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/javafx/api/javafx/util/Pair.html.</p>\"], \"python\": [\"Python\", \"<p><code>Python 2.7.12</code>.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Most libraries are already imported automatically for your convenience, such as <a href=\\\"https://docs.python.org/2/library/array.html\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">array</a>, <a href=\\\"https://docs.python.org/2/library/bisect.html\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">bisect</a>, <a href=\\\"https://docs.python.org/2/library/collections.html\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">collections</a>. If you need more libraries, you can import it yourself.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>For Map/TreeMap data structure, you may use <a href=\\\"http://www.grantjenks.com/docs/sortedcontainers/\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">sortedcontainers</a> library.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Note that Python 2.7 <a href=\\\"https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0373/\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">will not be maintained past 2020</a>. For the latest Python, please choose Python3 instead.</p>\"], \"c\": [\"C\", \"<p>Compiled with <code>gcc 8.2</code> using the gnu11 standard.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Your code is compiled with level one optimization (<code>-O1</code>). <a href=\\\"https://github.com/google/sanitizers/wiki/AddressSanitizer\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">AddressSanitizer</a> is also enabled to help detect out-of-bounds and use-after-free bugs.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Most standard library headers are already included automatically for your convenience.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>For hash table operations, you may use <a href=\\\"https://troydhanson.github.io/uthash/\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">uthash</a>. \\\"uthash.h\\\" is included by default. Below are some examples:</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p><b>1. Adding an item to a hash.</b>\\r\\n<pre>\\r\\nstruct hash_entry {\\r\\n int id; /* we'll use this field as the key */\\r\\n char name[10];\\r\\n UT_hash_handle hh; /* makes this structure hashable */\\r\\n};\\r\\n\\r\\nstruct hash_entry *users = NULL;\\r\\n\\r\\nvoid add_user(struct hash_entry *s) {\\r\\n HASH_ADD_INT(users, id, s);\\r\\n}\\r\\n</pre>\\r\\n</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p><b>2. Looking up an item in a hash:</b>\\r\\n<pre>\\r\\nstruct hash_entry *find_user(int user_id) {\\r\\n struct hash_entry *s;\\r\\n HASH_FIND_INT(users, &user_id, s);\\r\\n return s;\\r\\n}\\r\\n</pre>\\r\\n</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p><b>3. Deleting an item in a hash:</b>\\r\\n<pre>\\r\\nvoid delete_user(struct hash_entry *user) {\\r\\n HASH_DEL(users, user); \\r\\n}\\r\\n</pre>\\r\\n</p>\"], \"csharp\": [\"C#\", \"<p><a href=\\\"https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/whats-new/csharp-10\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">C# 10 with .NET 6 runtime</a></p>\"], \"javascript\": [\"JavaScript\", \"<p><code>Node.js 16.13.2</code>.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>Your code is run with <code>--harmony</code> flag, enabling <a href=\\\"http://node.green/\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">new ES6 features</a>.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p><a href=\\\"https://lodash.com\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">lodash.js</a> library is included by default.</p>\\r\\n\\r\\n<p>For Priority Queue / Queue data structures, you may use 5.3.0 version of <a href=\\\"https://github.com/datastructures-js/priority-queue/tree/fb4fdb984834421279aeb081df7af624d17c2a03\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">datastructures-js/priority-queue</a> and 4.2.1 version of <a href=\\\"https://githu
