leetcode-problemset/leetcode/problem/finding-mk-average.html

<p>You are given two integers, <code>m</code> and <code>k</code>, and a stream of integers. You are tasked to implement a data structure that calculates the <strong>MKAverage</strong> for the stream.</p>

<p>The <strong>MKAverage</strong> can be calculated using these steps:</p>

<ol>
	<li>If the number of the elements in the stream is less than <code>m</code> you should consider the <strong>MKAverage</strong> to be <code>-1</code>. Otherwise, copy the last <code>m</code> elements of the stream to a separate container.</li>
	<li>Remove the smallest <code>k</code> elements and the largest <code>k</code> elements from the container.</li>
	<li>Calculate the average value for the rest of the elements <strong>rounded down to the nearest integer</strong>.</li>
</ol>

<p>Implement the <code>MKAverage</code> class:</p>

<ul>
	<li><code>MKAverage(int m, int k)</code> Initializes the <strong>MKAverage</strong> object with an empty stream and the two integers <code>m</code> and <code>k</code>.</li>
	<li><code>void addElement(int num)</code> Inserts a new element <code>num</code> into the stream.</li>
	<li><code>int calculateMKAverage()</code> Calculates and returns the <strong>MKAverage</strong> for the current stream <strong>rounded down to the nearest integer</strong>.</li>
</ul>

<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong class="example">Example 1:</strong></p>

<pre>
<strong>Input</strong>
[&quot;MKAverage&quot;, &quot;addElement&quot;, &quot;addElement&quot;, &quot;calculateMKAverage&quot;, &quot;addElement&quot;, &quot;calculateMKAverage&quot;, &quot;addElement&quot;, &quot;addElement&quot;, &quot;addElement&quot;, &quot;calculateMKAverage&quot;]
[[3, 1], [3], [1], [], [10], [], [5], [5], [5], []]
<strong>Output</strong>
[null, null, null, -1, null, 3, null, null, null, 5]

<strong>Explanation</strong>
<code>MKAverage obj = new MKAverage(3, 1); 
obj.addElement(3);        // current elements are [3]
obj.addElement(1);        // current elements are [3,1]
obj.calculateMKAverage(); // return -1, because m = 3 and only 2 elements exist.
obj.addElement(10);       // current elements are [3,1,10]
obj.calculateMKAverage(); // The last 3 elements are [3,1,10].
                          // After removing smallest and largest 1 element the container will be [3].
                          // The average of [3] equals 3/1 = 3, return 3
obj.addElement(5);        // current elements are [3,1,10,5]
obj.addElement(5);        // current elements are [3,1,10,5,5]
obj.addElement(5);        // current elements are [3,1,10,5,5,5]
obj.calculateMKAverage(); // The last 3 elements are [5,5,5].
                          // After removing smallest and largest 1 element the container will be [5].
                          // The average of [5] equals 5/1 = 5, return 5
</code></pre>

<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Constraints:</strong></p>

<ul>
	<li><code>3 &lt;= m &lt;= 10<sup>5</sup></code></li>
	<li><code>1 &lt;= k*2 &lt; m</code></li>
	<li><code>1 &lt;= num &lt;= 10<sup>5</sup></code></li>
	<li>At most <code>10<sup>5</sup></code> calls will be made to <code>addElement</code> and <code>calculateMKAverage</code>.</li>
</ul>