leetcode-problemset/leetcode-cn/originData/call-function-with-custom-context.json

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            "questionId": "2790",
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            "categoryTitle": "JavaScript",
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            "title": "Call Function with Custom Context",
            "titleSlug": "call-function-with-custom-context",
            "content": "<p>Enhance all functions to have the&nbsp;<code>callPolyfill</code>&nbsp;method. The method accepts an object&nbsp;<code>obj</code>&nbsp;as it&#39;s first parameter and any number of additional arguments. The&nbsp;<code>obj</code>&nbsp;becomes the&nbsp;<code>this</code>&nbsp;context for the function. The additional arguments are passed to the function (that the <code>callPolyfill</code>&nbsp;method belongs on).</p>\n\n<p>For example if you had the function:</p>\n\n<pre>\nfunction tax(price, taxRate) {\n  const totalCost = price * (1 + taxRate);\n&nbsp; console.log(`The cost of ${this.item} is ${totalCost}`);\n}\n</pre>\n\n<p>Calling this function like&nbsp;<code>tax(10, 0.1)</code>&nbsp;will log&nbsp;<code>&quot;The cost of undefined is 11&quot;</code>. This is because the&nbsp;<code>this</code>&nbsp;context was not defined.</p>\n\n<p>However, calling the function like&nbsp;<code>tax.callPolyfill({item: &quot;salad&quot;}, 10, 0.1)</code>&nbsp;will log&nbsp;<code>&quot;The cost of salad is 11&quot;</code>. The&nbsp;<code>this</code>&nbsp;context was appropriately set, and the function logged an appropriate output.</p>\n\n<p>Please solve this without using&nbsp;the built-in&nbsp;<code>Function.call</code>&nbsp;method.</p>\n\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><strong class=\"example\">Example 1:</strong></p>\n\n<pre>\n<strong>Input:</strong>\nfn = function add(b) {\n  return this.a + b;\n}\nargs = [{&quot;a&quot;: 5}, 7]\n<strong>Output:</strong> 12\n<strong>Explanation:</strong>\nfn.callPolyfill({&quot;a&quot;: 5}, 7); // 12\ncallPolyfill sets the &quot;this&quot; context to {&quot;a&quot;: 5}. 7 is passed as an argument.\n</pre>\n\n<p><strong class=\"example\">Example 2:</strong></p>\n\n<pre>\n<strong>Input:</strong> \nfn = function tax(price, taxRate) { \n&nbsp;return `The cost of the ${this.item} is ${price * taxRate}`; \n}\nargs = [{&quot;item&quot;: &quot;burger&quot;}, 10, 1.1]\n<strong>Output:</strong> &quot;The cost of the burger is 11&quot;\n<strong>Explanation:</strong> callPolyfill sets the &quot;this&quot; context to {&quot;item&quot;: &quot;burger&quot;}. 10 and 1.1 are passed as additional arguments.\n</pre>\n\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p><strong>Constraints:</strong></p>\n\n<ul style=\"list-style-type:square;\">\n\t<li><code><font face=\"monospace\">typeof args[0] == &#39;object&#39; and args[0] != null</font></code></li>\n\t<li><code>1 &lt;= args.length &lt;= 100</code></li>\n\t<li><code>2 &lt;= JSON.stringify(args[0]).length &lt;= 10<sup>5</sup></code></li>\n</ul>\n",
            "translatedTitle": "使用自定义上下文调用函数",
            "translatedContent": "<p>增强所有函数，使其具有&nbsp;<code>callPolyfill</code>&nbsp;方法。该方法接受一个对象&nbsp;<code>obj</code>&nbsp;作为第一个参数，以及任意数量的附加参数。<code>obj</code>&nbsp;成为函数的&nbsp;<code>this</code>&nbsp;上下文。附加参数将传递给该函数（即&nbsp;<code>callPolyfill</code>&nbsp;方法所属的函数）。</p>\n\n<p>例如，如果有以下函数：</p>\n\n<pre>\nfunction tax(price, taxRate) {\n  const totalCost = price * (1 + taxRate);\n&nbsp; console.log(`The cost of ${this.item} is ${totalCost}`);\n}\n</pre>\n\n<p>调用&nbsp;<code>tax(10, 0.1)</code>&nbsp;将输出&nbsp;<code>\"The cost of undefined is 11\"</code>&nbsp;。这是因为&nbsp;<code>this</code>&nbsp;上下文未定义。</p>\n\n<p>然而，调用&nbsp;<code>tax.callPolyfill({item: \"salad\"}, 10, 0.1)</code>&nbsp;将输出&nbsp;<code>\"The cost of salad is 11\"</code>&nbsp;。<code>this</code>&nbsp;上下文被正确设置，函数输出了适当的结果。</p>\n\n<p>请在不使用内置的&nbsp;<code>Function.call</code>&nbsp;方法的情况下解决这个问题。</p>\n\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n\n<p><strong class=\"example\">示例 1：</strong></p>\n\n<pre>\n<strong>输入：</strong>\nfn = function add(b) {\n  return this.a + b;\n}\nargs = [{\"a\": 5}, 7]\n<b>输出：</b>12\n<strong>解释：</strong>\nfn.callPolyfill({\"a\": 5}, 7); // 12\n<code>callPolyfill </code>将 \"this\" 上下文设置为 <code>{\"a\": 5} </code>，并将 7 作为参数传递。\n</pre>\n\n<p><strong class=\"example\">示例 2：</strong></p>\n\n<pre>\n<b>输入：</b>\nfn = function tax(price, taxRate) { \n&nbsp;return `The cost of the ${this.item} is ${price * taxRate}`; \n}\nargs = [{\"item\": \"burger\"}, 10, 1,1]\n<b>输出：</b>\"The cost of the burger is 11\"\n<b>解释：</b><code>callPolyfill </code>将 \"this\" 上下文设置为 <code>{\"item\": \"burger\"} </code>，并将 10 和 1.1 作为附加参数传递。\n</pre>\n\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n\n<p><strong>提示：</strong></p>\n\n<ul style=\"list-style-type:square;\">\n\t<li><code><font face=\"monospace\">typeof args[0] == 'object' and args[0] != null</font></code></li>\n\t<li><code>1 &lt;= args.length &lt;= 100</code></li>\n\t<li><code>2 &lt;= JSON.stringify(args[0]).length &lt;= 10<sup>5</sup></code></li>\n</ul>\n",
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