leetcode-problemset/leetcode/problem/number-of-students-unable-to-eat-lunch.html

<p>The school cafeteria offers circular and square sandwiches at lunch break, referred to by numbers <code>0</code> and <code>1</code> respectively. All students stand in a queue. Each student either prefers square or circular sandwiches.</p>

<p>The number of sandwiches in the cafeteria is equal to the number of students. The sandwiches are placed in a <strong>stack</strong>. At each step:</p>

<ul>
	<li>If the student at the front of the queue <strong>prefers</strong> the sandwich on the top of the stack, they will <strong>take it</strong> and leave the queue.</li>
	<li>Otherwise, they will <strong>leave it</strong> and go to the queue&#39;s end.</li>
</ul>

<p>This continues until none of the queue students want to take the top sandwich and are thus unable to eat.</p>

<p>You are given two integer arrays <code>students</code> and <code>sandwiches</code> where <code>sandwiches[i]</code> is the type of the <code>i<sup>​​​​​​th</sup></code> sandwich in the stack (<code>i = 0</code> is the top of the stack) and <code>students[j]</code> is the preference of the <code>j<sup>​​​​​​th</sup></code> student in the initial queue (<code>j = 0</code> is the front of the queue). Return <em>the number of students that are unable to eat.</em></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Example 1:</strong></p>

<pre>
<strong>Input:</strong> students = [1,1,0,0], sandwiches = [0,1,0,1]
<strong>Output:</strong> 0<strong> 
Explanation:</strong>
- Front student leaves the top sandwich and returns to the end of the line making students = [1,0,0,1].
- Front student leaves the top sandwich and returns to the end of the line making students = [0,0,1,1].
- Front student takes the top sandwich and leaves the line making students = [0,1,1] and sandwiches = [1,0,1].
- Front student leaves the top sandwich and returns to the end of the line making students = [1,1,0].
- Front student takes the top sandwich and leaves the line making students = [1,0] and sandwiches = [0,1].
- Front student leaves the top sandwich and returns to the end of the line making students = [0,1].
- Front student takes the top sandwich and leaves the line making students = [1] and sandwiches = [1].
- Front student takes the top sandwich and leaves the line making students = [] and sandwiches = [].
Hence all students are able to eat.
</pre>

<p><strong>Example 2:</strong></p>

<pre>
<strong>Input:</strong> students = [1,1,1,0,0,1], sandwiches = [1,0,0,0,1,1]
<strong>Output:</strong> 3
</pre>

<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Constraints:</strong></p>

<ul>
	<li><code>1 &lt;= students.length, sandwiches.length &lt;= 100</code></li>
	<li><code>students.length == sandwiches.length</code></li>
	<li><code>sandwiches[i]</code> is <code>0</code> or <code>1</code>.</li>
	<li><code>students[i]</code> is <code>0</code> or <code>1</code>.</li>
</ul>