[ { "id": "New Year", "skip": false, "name": "元旦", "fullName": "元旦", "englishName": "New Year", "alias": [ "公历年", "新历年", "阳历年" ], "friendlyDate": "公历1月1日", "date": "1/1", "holidayDate": "", "calendar": "solar", "friendlyType": "世界节日", "type": "World", "statutory": true, "solarTerms": false, "solarTermsInfo": null, "desc": "元旦，即公历的1月1日，是世界多数国家通称的“新年”。元，谓“始”，凡数之始称为“元”；旦，谓“日”；“元旦”即“初始之日”的意思。“元旦”通常指历法中的首月首日。", "subFestival": [], "activity": [ "张灯结彩" ], "food": [ "佳肴", "点心" ], "origin": "节日起源", "meaning": "一年之始", "process": "", "location": "", "organization": "中国人民政治协商会议", "startingTime": "1949年9月27日", "popularAreas": "世界各地", "commemorator": [], "intangibleCulturalHeritageProtectionUnit": "", "nationalCulturalHeritage": "", "worldCulturalHeritage": "", "baike": "https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E5%85%83%E6%97%A6/137017", "poetry": [ { "dynasty": "晋代", "status": "诗人", "author": "辛兰", "name": "元正", "text": "元正启令节，嘉庆肇自兹。咸奏万年觞，小大同悦熙。" }, { "dynasty": "", "status": "", "author": "", "name": "晋书", "text": "颛帝以孟夏正月为元，其实正朔元旦之春。" }, { "dynasty": "南朝", "status": "文史学家", "author": "萧子云", "name": "介雅", "text": "四季新元旦，万寿初春朝。" }, { "dynasty": "宋代", "status": "", "author": "吴自牧", "name": "梦粱录", "text": "正月朔日，谓之元旦，俗呼为新年。一岁节序，此为之首。" } ] }, { "id": "Spring Festival", "skip": false, "name": "春节", "fullName": "春节", "englishName": "Spring Festival / Chinese New Year", "alias": [ "新春", "岁节", "年节", "新禧", "新年", "大年" ], "friendlyDate": "农历正月初一", "date": "1/1", "holidayDate": "", "calendar": "lunar", "friendlyType": "中国四大传统节日之一", "type": "Chinese-4", "statutory": true, "solarTerms": false, "solarTermsInfo": null, "desc": "春节（Spring Festival），即中国农历新年，俗称新春、新岁、岁旦等，口头上又称过年、过大年。春节历史悠久，由上古时代岁首祈岁祭祀演变而来。万物本乎天、人本乎祖，祈岁祭祀、敬天法祖，报本反始也。春节的起源蕴含着深邃的文化内涵，在传承发展中承载了丰厚的历史文化底蕴。在春节期间，全国各地均有举行各种庆贺新春活动，带有浓郁的各地地方特色。这些活动以除旧布新、驱邪攘灾、拜神祭祖、纳福祈年为主要内容，形式丰富多彩，凝聚着中华传统文化精华。", "subFestival": [ { "name": "小年", "alias": [ "忙年" ], "friendlyDate": "农历十二月廿三或廿四", "date": "12/23 12/24", "calendar": "lunar", "desc": "小年是整个春节庆祝活动的开始和伏笔，其主要活动有两项：扫尘和祭灶。", "activity": [ "祭灶", "蒸花馍", "买年红", "吃灶糖", "扫尘" ] }, { "name": "年廿八", "alias": [], "friendlyDate": "农历十二月廿八日", "date": "12/28", "calendar": "lunar", "desc": "年廿八除旧布新，清除旧的年红，有的地方年廿八开始贴年红。广东有一句俗语“年廿八，洗邋遢”，意思是说在农历十二月廿八日这一天全家人要留在家里打扫卫生，贴年红，迎接新年。北方一些地方有年谣云：“腊月二十八，打糕蒸馍贴花花”或“二十八，把面发”。所谓贴花花，就是张贴年画、春联、窗花和各种春节张贴之物。", "activity": [ "贴年红（挥春）" ] }, { "name": "除夕", "alias": [ "大年夜", "除夕夜", "除夜" ], "friendlyDate": "农历十二月廿八日", "date": "12/28", "calendar": "lunar", "desc": "除夕，为岁末的最后一天夜晚。岁末的最后一天称为“岁除”，意为旧岁至此而除，另换新岁。除，即去除之意；夕，指夜晚。“除夕”是岁除之夜的意思，又称大年夜、除夕夜、除夜等，时值年尾的最后一个晚上。除夕是除旧布新、阖家团圆、祭祀祖先的日子，与清明节、七月半、重阳节是中国民间传统的祭祖大节。除夕，在国人心中是具有特殊意义的，这个年尾最重要的日子，漂泊再远的游子也是要赶着回家去和家人团聚，在爆竹声中辞旧岁，烟花满天迎新春。除夕，祭祖、吃团年饭，年夜饭后有派发压岁钱和守岁的习俗。", "activity": [ "祭祖", "团年饭|年夜饭", "压岁钱", "守岁", "置天地桌", "烧炮", "接神", "踩祟", "接财神" ] }, { "name": "正月初一", "alias": [], "friendlyDate": "农历正月初一", "date": "1/1", "calendar": "lunar", "desc": "从年初一开始便进入迎禧接福、拜祭神祖、祈求丰年主题。元日子时交年时刻，鞭炮齐响、烟花照天、辞旧岁、迎新年等各种庆贺新春活动达于高潮。炮竹声中辞旧岁，烟花满天迎新春。春节早晨开门大吉，先烧炮竹，叫做“开门炮仗”，送旧迎新。爆竹声后，碎红满地，灿若云锦，称为“满堂红”。正月初一迎新岁，拜岁。早上各家焚香致礼，敬天地、祭列祖，拜岁神。然后依次给尊长拜年，继而同族亲友互致祝贺。新年初一，人们都早早起来，穿上最漂亮的衣服，打扮得整整齐齐出门，恭祝新年大吉大利。《占书》中说，正月初一是“鸡日”。", "activity": [ "开门炮仗", "拜岁", "祈年", "拜年", "占岁", "聚财" ] }, { "name": "正月初二", "alias": [], "friendlyDate": "农历正月初二", "date": "1/2", "calendar": "lunar", "desc": "大年初二是开年日，早上拜祭天地神灵，祭礼完毕，烧炮、烧纸宝，然后吃“开年饭”。这餐“开年饭”一般备发菜、生菜、鱼等，意在取其生财利路之意。这天出嫁的女儿回娘家，要夫婿同行，所以俗称“迎婿日”。回娘家的女儿必须携带一些礼品和红包，分给娘家的小孩，并且在娘家吃午饭，但必须在晚饭前赶回婆家。《占书》中说，正月初二是“狗日”。", "activity": [ "拜神", "开年饭" ] }, { "name": "正月初三", "alias": [ "大年初三", "赤狗日" ], "friendlyDate": "农历正月初三", "date": "1/3", "calendar": "lunar", "desc": "大年初三又称赤狗日，与“赤口”同音，为熛怒之神，是上古五帝（东方青帝灵威仰、南方赤帝赤熛怒、中央黄帝含枢纽、西方白帝白招拒、北方黑帝汁先纪）之一，即南方之神，司夏天。俗以为是日赤熛怒下兄，遇之则不吉，故此，“小年朝”例应祀祖祭神。“赤口”通常不会外出拜年，传说这天容易与人发生口角争执。古时在中国南方民间，大年初三的早上要贴“赤口”（禁口），认为这一天里易生口角，不宜拜年。所谓“赤口”，一般是用约长七八寸、宽一寸的红纸条，上面写上一些出入平安吉利的话。总之，贴“赤口”，是使人们心理上觉得一年到头都能出入平安，不与人发生口角或各种不幸的灾难，家中多多招财进宝，万事如意。", "activity": [ "烧门神纸" ] }, { "name": "正月初四", "alias": [ "大年初四" ], "friendlyDate": "农历正月初四", "date": "1/4", "calendar": "lunar", "desc": "大年初四是祭财神的日子，迎神接神。《占书》中，传说正月初四是女娲造羊的日子，故称“羊日”，在这一天里，人们不能杀羊，如果天气好，则意味着这一年里，羊会养得很好，养羊的人家会有个好收成。", "activity": [ "迎神接神", "接五路", "吃折罗", "扔穷" ] }, { "name": "正月初五", "alias": [], "friendlyDate": "农历正月初五", "date": "1/5", "calendar": "lunar", "desc": "正月初五，按民间习俗是五路财神的生日，因此要迎接财神进家，保佑自家新的一年财源滚滚、年年有余。同时自然也是送走“穷”的日子，故有“送穷出门”一说。这一天又俗称“破五”，意思是之前几天的诸多禁忌至此就结束了。破五习俗除了以上禁忌外，主要是送穷，迎财神，开市贸易。北方民间有吃饺子的习俗，寓意着招财进宝。传说正月初五是“牛日”。", "activity": [ "祭财神（南方）", "送穷", "开市" ] }, { "name": "正月初六", "alias": [ "马日" ], "friendlyDate": "农历正月初六", "date": "1/6", "calendar": "lunar", "desc": "正月初六是“马日”，叫六六大顺。这一天，每家每户要把节日积存的垃圾扔出去，这叫送穷鬼。大年初六也是启市日，商店酒楼才正式开张营业，而且要大放鞭炮，不亚于除夕的境况。", "activity": [ "送穷", "启市" ] }, { "name": "正月初七", "alias": [ "人日" ], "friendlyDate": "农历正月初七", "date": "1/7", "calendar": "lunar", "desc": "初七是人日，即人的生日，通常不外出拜年。《占书》说，由初一开始，上天创造万物的次序是“一鸡二狗、三猪四羊、五牛六马、七人八谷”，所以初七就是人日。从汉朝的文献开始有人日节俗的文字记载，魏晋后开始重视。古代人日有戴“人胜”的习俗，人胜是一种头饰，又叫彩胜、华胜。", "activity": [ "熏天", "吃七宝羹", "送火神" ] }, { "name": "正月初八", "alias": [ "开工日" ], "friendlyDate": "农历正月初八", "date": "1/8", "calendar": "lunar", "desc": "年初八是开工日，派发开工利是，是广东老板过年后第一天上班首要做的事；利是利是，寓意着一年都能利利是是，大红大紫。年初八前走亲访友拜年基本完毕，从年初八起民间便陆续开展敬神、游神、摆宗、舞狮、舞龙、飘色、游灯、做醮、标炮、做大戏以及各种文艺表演活动。传说初八是谷子的生日，这天天阴则年歉，天气晴朗则这一年稻谷丰收。", "activity": [ "顺星", "游神", "做斋头", "放生祈福" ] }, { "name": "正月初九", "alias": [ "天日" ], "friendlyDate": "农历正月初九", "date": "1/9", "calendar": "lunar", "desc": "正月初九是天日，传说此日为天界最高神祇玉皇大帝生日，俗称“天公生”。有说“天公”就是“玉皇大帝”，道教称之为“四御”，是天界最高的神，他是统领三界十方诸神以及人间万灵的最高神，代表至高无上的“天”。主要习俗有祭玉皇、道观斋天等，有些地方，天日时妇女备清香花烛、斋碗，摆在天井巷口露天地方膜拜苍天，求天公赐福", "activity": [ "祭玉皇", "道观斋天" ] }, { "name": "正月初十", "alias": [ "天日" ], "friendlyDate": "农历正月初十", "date": "1/10", "calendar": "lunar", "desc": "正月初十，南方部分地区有开灯的习俗，设开灯酒宴。河南风俗这一日家家向石头焚香致敬，认为“十”，谐音“石”，因此初十为石头生日，这天凡磨、碾等石制工具都不能动，甚至设祭享祀石头，恐伤庄稼。也称“石不动”“十不动”；午餐必食馍饼，认为吃饼一年之内便会财运亨通。在山东郓城等地有抬石头神之举。", "activity": [ "开灯（南方）" ] }, { "name": "正月十一", "alias": [ "子婿日" ], "friendlyDate": "农历正月十一", "date": "1/11", "calendar": "lunar", "desc": "正月十一“子婿日”，此日是岳父宴请子婿的日子。初九庆祝“天公生”剩下的食物，除了在初十吃了一天外，还剩下很多，所以娘家不必再破费，就利用这些剩下的美食招待女婿及女儿，民歌称为“十一请子婿”。", "activity": [ "请子婿" ] }, { "name": "正月十二", "alias": [], "friendlyDate": "农历正月十二", "date": "1/12", "calendar": "lunar", "desc": "正月十二，搭灯棚，花灯酒会，做斋头，做醮，标炮等。从即日起人们开始准备庆祝元宵佳节，选购灯笼，搭盖灯棚，做醮，标炮。有童谣云：“十一嚷喳喳，十二搭灯棚，十三人开灯，十四灯正明，十五行月半，十六人完灯。”", "activity": [ "搭灯棚" ] }, { "name": "正月十三、十四", "alias": [ "灯头生日（正月十三）" ], "friendlyDate": "农历正月十三、十四", "date": "1/13 1/14", "calendar": "lunar", "desc": "正月十三、十四，舞狮、飘色、游神、逛庙会。有传说正月十三是“灯头生日”，民间在这一天要在厨灶下点灯，称为“点灶灯”。", "activity": [ "点灶灯" ] }, { "name": "元宵节", "alias": [ "正月十五" ], "friendlyDate": "农历正月十五", "date": "1/15", "calendar": "lunar", "desc": "正月十五，习俗活动主要有赏灯、游灯、押舟、烧炮、烧烟花、采青、闹元宵等。元宵节的节俗非常有特色，节期与节俗活动，也随历史的发展而延长扩展。元宵节习俗自古以来就以热闹喜庆的观灯习俗为主。", "activity": [ "赏灯", "游灯", "押舟", "烧炮", "烧烟花", "采青", "闹元宵" ] } ], "activity": [ "办年货", "祭灶", "扫尘", "割年肉", "贴年红（挥春）", "年夜饭|晚饭、团年饭", "守岁", "压岁钱", "游神|圣驾巡游、游老爷、营老爷、游菩萨、游神赛会、年例、迎神、迎年、游春、行香、菩萨行乡、抬神像、神像出巡", "拜岁", "庙会", "拜年", "派利是", "烧炮竹", "舞狮" ], "food": [ "年糕", "饺子", "汤圆", "春卷" ], "origin": "岁首祈年祭祀", "meaning": "传承与弘扬传统文化", "process": "", "location": "", "organization": "", "startingTime": "上古时代", "popularAreas": "中国，东亚、东南亚等华人华侨聚集地", "commemorator": [], "intangibleCulturalHeritageProtectionUnit": "文化和旅游部", "nationalCulturalHeritage": "", "worldCulturalHeritage": "", "baike": "https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E6%98%A5%E8%8A%82/136876", "poetry": [] }, { "id": "Cold food festival", "skip": false, "name": "寒食节", "fullName": "寒食节", "englishName": "Cold food festival", "alias": [ "禁烟节", "冷节", "百五节", "禁火节" ], "friendlyDate": "清明节前一二日", "date": "~4/3", "holidayDate": "", "calendar": "solar", "friendlyType": "中国传统节日", "type": "节日类型 Chinese", "statutory": false, "solarTerms": false, "solarTermsInfo": null, "desc": "寒食节，中国传统节日，在夏历冬至后的105日，清明节前一二日。是日初为节时，禁烟火，只吃冷食。并在后世的发展中逐渐增加了祭扫、踏青、秋千、蹴鞠、牵勾、斗鸡等风俗，寒食节前后绵延两千余年，曾被称为中国民间第一大祭日。寒食节是汉族传统节日中唯一以饮食习俗来命名的节日。", "subFestival": [], "activity": [ "祭扫", "踏青", "秋千", "蹴鞠", "牵勾", "斗鸡", "禁火", "插柳", "咏诗", "净肠" ], "food": [ "只吃冷食" ], "origin": "祭祀", "meaning": "为纪念介子推", "process": "", "location": "晋国", "organization": "晋文公", "startingTime": "春秋", "popularAreas": "东亚文化圈", "commemorator": [], "intangibleCulturalHeritageProtectionUnit": "", "nationalCulturalHeritage": "", "worldCulturalHeritage": "", "baike": "https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E5%AF%92%E9%A3%9F%E8%8A%82/90690", "poetry": [ { "dynasty": "明代", "status": "", "author": "高启", "name": "送陈秀才还沙上省墓", "text": "满衣血泪与尘埃，乱后还乡亦可哀。风雨梨花寒食过，几家坟上子孙来?" }, { "dynasty": "明末清初", "status": "", "author": "屈大均", "name": "壬戌清明作", "text": "朝作轻寒暮作阴，愁中不觉已春深。落花有泪因风雨，啼鸟无情自古今。故国江山徒梦寐，中华人物又销沉。龙蛇四海归无所，寒食年年怆客心。" }, { "dynasty": "唐代", "status": "", "author": "伍唐珪", "name": "寒食日献郡守", "text": "入门堪笑复堪怜，三径苔荒一钓船。惭愧四邻教断火，不知厨里久无烟。" }, { "dynasty": "唐代", "status": "", "author": "武元衡", "name": "寒食下第", "text": "柳挂九衢丝，花飘万家雪。如何憔悴人，对此芳菲节。" }, { "dynasty": "唐代", "status": "", "author": "熊孺登", "name": "寒食野望", "text": "拜扫无过骨肉亲，一年唯此两三辰。冢头莫种有花树，春色不关泉下人。" }, { "dynasty": "唐代", "status": "", "author": "来鹄", "name": "寒食山馆书情", "text": "独把一杯山馆中，每经时节恨飘蓬。侵阶草色连朝雨，满地梨花昨夜风。蜀魄啼来春寂寞，楚魂吟后月朦胧。分明记得还家梦，徐孺宅前湖水东。" }, { "dynasty": "唐代", "status": "", "author": "贯休", "name": "寒食郊外", "text": "寒食将吾族，相随过石溪。冢花沾酒落，林鸟学人啼。白水穿芜疾，新霞出雾低。不堪回首望，家在赤松西。" }, { "dynasty": "唐代", "status": "", "author": "张籍", "name": "寒食看花", "text": "早入公门到夜归，不因寒食少闲时。颠狂绕树猿离锁，踊跃缘冈马断羁。酒污衣裳从客笑，醉饶言语觅花知。老来自喜常无事，仰面西园得咏诗。" }, { "dynasty": "唐代", "status": "", "author": "韩翃", "name": "寒食", "text": "春城无处不飞花，寒食东风御柳斜。日暮汉宫传蜡烛，轻烟散入五侯家。" } ] }, { "id": "Tomb-Sweeping Day", "skip": false, "name": "清明节", "fullName": "清明节", "englishName": "Tomb-Sweeping Day / The Pure Brightness Day / The Mourning Day", "alias": [ "踏青节", "行清节", "三月节", "祭祖节" ], "friendlyDate": "斗指乙，太阳黄经15°，公历4月5日前后", "date": "~4/4-4/6", "holidayDate": "", "calendar": "solar", "friendlyType": "中国四大传统节日之一", "type": "Chinese-4", "statutory": true, "solarTerms": true, "solarTermsInfo": null, "desc": "清明节，又称踏青节、行清节、三月节、祭祖节等，节期在仲春与暮春之交。清明节源自上古时代的祖先信仰与春祭礼俗，是中华民族最隆重盛大的祭祖大节。清明节兼具自然与人文两大内涵，既是自然节气点，也是传统节日，扫墓祭祖与踏青郊游是清明节的两大礼俗主题，这两大传统礼俗主题在中国自古传承，至今不辍。", "subFestival": [], "activity": [ "踏青郊游", "扫墓祭祖", "植树", "放风筝", "插柳", "拔河", "荡秋千", "斗鸡", "射柳", "蹴鞠", "蚕花会" ], "food": [ "祭祖金猪", "鲜果茶点", "青团（南方）|清明饼、棉菜馍糍、茨壳粿、清明粑、艾叶粑粑、艾糍、清明果、菠菠粿、清明粿、艾叶糍粑、艾粄、艾草糕、清明团子、暖菇包、艾草青团" ], "origin": "干支历法、原始信仰、祭祀文化", "meaning": "礼敬祖先，亲近自然", "process": "清杂草、摆祭品、拜祭、鸣放鞭炮", "location": "中国", "organization": "", "startingTime": "", "popularAreas": "中国、东亚、东南亚等华人华侨聚集地", "commemorator": [], "intangibleCulturalHeritageProtectionUnit": "文化和旅游部", "nationalCulturalHeritage": "", "worldCulturalHeritage": "", "baike": "https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E6%B8%85%E6%98%8E%E8%8A%82/137575", "poetry": [ { "dynasty": "唐代", "status": "", "author": "杜牧", "name": "清明", "text": "清明时节雨纷纷，路上行人欲断魂。借问酒家何处有？牧童遥指杏花村。" }, { "dynasty": "清代", "status": "", "author": "厉鹗", "name": "百字令·丁酉清明", "text": "春光老去，恨年年心事，春能拘管。永日空园双燕语，折尽柳条长短。白眼看天，青袍似草，最觉当歌懒。愔愔门巷，落花早又吹满。凝想烟月当时，饧箫旧市，惯逐嬉春伴。一自笑桃人去后，几叶碧云深浅。乱掷榆钱，细垂桐乳，尚惹游丝转。望中何处？那堪天远山远！" }, { "dynasty": "唐代", "status": "", "author": "张继", "name": "闾门即事", "text": "耕夫召募爱楼船，春草青青万项田。试上吴门窥郡郭，清明几处有新烟。" }, { "dynasty": "宋代", "status": "", "author": "王禹俏", "name": "清明", "text": "无花无酒过清明，兴味萧然似野僧。昨日邻家乞新火，晓窗分与读书灯。" }, { "dynasty": "宋代", "status": "", "author": "吴惟信", "name": "苏堤清明即事", "text": "梨花风起正清明，游子寻春半出城。日暮笙歌收拾去，万株杨柳属流莺。" }, { "dynasty": "宋代", "status": "", "author": "杨万里", "name": "寒食上冢", "text": "迳直夫何细！桥危可免扶？远山枫外淡，破屋麦边孤。宿草春风又，新阡去岁无。梨花自寒食，进节只愁余。" }, { "dynasty": "宋代", "status": "", "author": "程颢", "name": "郊行即事", "text": "芳草绿野恣行事，春入遥山碧四周。兴逐乱红穿柳巷，固因流水坐苔矶。莫辞盏酒十分劝，只恐风花一片红。况是清明好天气，不妨游衍莫忘归。" }, { "dynasty": "明代", "status": "", "author": "王磐", "name": "清江引 清明日出游", "text": "问西楼禁烟何处好？绿野晴天道。马穿杨柳嘶，人倚秋千笑，探莺花总教春醉倒。" } ] }, { "id": "International Workers Day", "skip": false, "name": "劳动节", "fullName": "五一国际劳动节", "englishName": "International Workers' Day / May Day", "alias": [ "国际劳动节", "国际示威游行日" ], "friendlyDate": "公历5月1日", "date": "5/1", "holidayDate": "", "calendar": "solar", "type": "World", "friendlyType": "世界上80多个国家的全国性节日", "statutory": true, "solarTerms": false, "solarTermsInfo": null, "desc": "国际劳动节又称“五一国际劳动节”“国际示威游行日”，是世界上80多个国家的全国性节日。定在每年的五月一日。它是全世界劳动人民共同拥有的节日。", "subFestival": [], "activity": [], "food": [], "origin": "1886年美国芝加哥城的工人大罢工", "meaning": "劳动者争取到了合法权益", "location": "", "organization": "第二国际", "startingTime": "1890年", "popularAreas": "世界绝大部分国家", "commemorator": [], "intangibleCulturalHeritageProtectionUnit": "", "nationalCulturalHeritage": "", "worldCulturalHeritage": "", "baike": "https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E4%BA%94%E4%B8%80%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%8A%B3%E5%8A%A8%E8%8A%82/810559", "poetry": [] }, { "id": "Dragon Boat Festival", "skip": false, "name": "端午节", "fullName": "端午节", "englishName": "Dragon Boat Festival", "alias": [ "端阳节", "龙节", "正阳节", "龙舟节", "天中节" ], "friendlyDate": "农历五月初五", "date": "5/5", "holidayDate": "", "calendar": "lunar", "friendlyType": "中国四大传统节日之一", "type": "Chinese-4", "statutory": true, "solarTerms": false, "solarTermsInfo": null, "desc": "端午节，又称端阳节、龙舟节、重五节、天中节等，是集拜神祭祖、祈福辟邪、欢庆娱乐和饮食为一体的民俗大节。端午节源于自然天象崇拜，由上古时代祭龙演变而来。仲夏端午，苍龙七宿飞升于正南中央，处在全年最“中正”之位，正如《易经·乾卦》第五爻：“飞龙在天”。端午是“飞龙在天”吉祥日，龙及龙舟文化始终贯穿在端午节的传承历史中。", "subFestival": [], "activity": [ "扒龙船", "放纸鸢", "挂艾草菖蒲" ], "food": [ "粽子", "五黄", "咸鸭蛋", "绿豆糕" ], "origin": "天象崇拜，龙图腾祭祀", "meaning": "传承与弘扬非物质文化", "process": "", "location": "", "organization": "", "startingTime": "上古时代", "popularAreas": "中国及汉字文化圈诸国", "commemorator": [ "屈原", "伍子胥", "曹娥", "介子推" ], "intangibleCulturalHeritageProtectionUnit": "非物质文化遗产保护单位", "nationalCulturalHeritage": "2006年5月20日列入第一批名录", "worldCulturalHeritage": "2009年9月30日入选世界名录", "baike": "https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E7%AB%AF%E5%8D%88%E8%8A%82/1054", "poetry": [] }, { "id": "Mid-Autumn Festival", "skip": false, "name": "中秋节", "fullName": "中秋节", "englishName": "Mid-Autumn Festival", "alias": [ "祭月节", "月光诞", "月夕", "秋节", "仲秋节", "拜月节", "月娘节", "月亮节", "团圆节", "秋夕" ], "friendlyDate": "农历八月十五", "date": "8/15", "holidayDate": "", "calendar": "lunar", "friendlyType": "中国四大传统节日之一", "type": "Chinese-4", "statutory": true, "solarTerms": false, "solarTermsInfo": null, "desc": "中秋节，又称祭月节、月光诞、月夕、秋节、仲秋节、拜月节、月娘节、月亮节、团圆节等，是中国民间传统节日。中秋节源自对天象的崇拜，由上古时代秋夕祭月演变而来。中秋节自古便有祭月、赏月、吃月饼、看花灯、赏桂花、饮桂花酒等民俗，流传至今，经久不息。", "subFestival": [], "activity": [ "拜月", "赏月", "舞火龙", "玩花灯" ], "food": [ "月饼" ], "origin": "天象崇拜，秋夕祭月", "meaning": "传承与弘扬传统文化", "process": "", "location": "", "organization": "民间流传约定俗成", "startingTime": "上古时代", "popularAreas": "中国及周边国家或地区", "commemorator": [], "intangibleCulturalHeritageProtectionUnit": "文化和旅游部", "nationalCulturalHeritage": "", "worldCulturalHeritage": "", "baike": "https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E4%B8%AD%E7%A7%8B%E8%8A%82/128234", "poetry": [] }, { "id": "the National Day of the Peoples Republic of China", "skip": false, "name": "国庆节", "fullName": "中华人民共和国国庆节", "englishName": "the National Day of the People's Republic of China", "alias": [ "十一", "国庆节", "国庆日", "中国国庆节", "国庆黄金周" ], "friendlyDate": "公历10月1日", "date": "10/1", "holidayDate": "10/1-10/7", "calendar": "solar", "friendlyType": "国庆日", "type": "Others", "statutory": true, "solarTerms": false, "solarTermsInfo": null, "desc": "中华人民共和国中央人民政府宣布自1949年起，以每年的10月1日，即中华人民共和国宣告成立的日子，称为国庆节。", "subFestival": [], "activity": [ "举国同庆", "阅兵仪式", "国庆长假" ], "food": [], "origin": "中华人民共和国成立", "meaning": "庆祝中华人民共和国成立", "process": "", "location": "中华人民共和国", "organization": "中华人民共和国国务院", "startingTime": "1950年", "popularAreas": "中华人民共和国", "commemorator": [], "intangibleCulturalHeritageProtectionUnit": "", "nationalCulturalHeritage": "", "worldCulturalHeritage": "", "baike": "https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%BA%86%E8%8A%82/1041892", "poetry": [] }, { "id": "Winter Solstice", "skip": false, "name": "冬至", "fullName": "冬至", "englishName": "Winter Solstice", "alias": [ "日南至", "冬节", "日短至", "亚岁" ], "friendlyDate": "公历12月21日-12月23日交节", "date": "~12/21-12/23", "holidayDate": "", "calendar": "solar", "friendlyType": "二十四节气之一", "type": "SolarTerms", "statutory": false, "solarTerms": true, "solarTermsInfo": { "_": "如果不是二十四节气，solarTermsInfo 为 false", "ecliptic": "黄道位置", "climate": "气候特点", "phenology": "物候现象", "farming": "农事活动", "living": "起居养生" }, "desc": "冬至，又称日南至、冬节、亚岁等，兼具自然与人文两大内涵，既是二十四节气中一个重要的节气，也是中国民间的传统祭祖节日。冬至是四时八节之一，被视为冬季的大节日，在古代民间有“冬至大如年”的讲法。冬至习俗因地域不同而又存在着习俗内容或细节上的差异。在中国南方地区，有冬至祭祖、宴饮的习俗。在中国北方地区，每年冬至日有吃饺子的习俗。", "subFestival": [], "activity": [ "" ], "food": [ "吃水饺", "吃麻糍" ], "origin": "节日起源", "meaning": "寒冷的冬天来临。", "process": "节日流程", "location": "节日设定地点", "organization": "设立机构", "startingTime": "设立时间/起源时期", "popularAreas": "流行地区", "commemorator": [], "intangibleCulturalHeritageProtectionUnit": "非物质文化遗产保护单位", "nationalCulturalHeritage": "", "worldCulturalHeritage": "", "baike": "百度百科地址", "poetry": [ { "dynasty": "朝代 晋代/唐代/宋/...", "status": "作者身份", "author": "古诗作者 李白", "name": "古诗名（不加书名号）", "text": "古诗正文（片段）" } ] } ]